CN-121978406-A - Multi-domain parameter self-adaptive adjustment method for digital oscilloscope matching signal frequency characteristics

CN121978406ACN 121978406 ACN121978406 ACN 121978406ACN-121978406-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-domain parameter self-adaptive adjustment method of a digital oscilloscope, which is used for matching signal frequency characteristics, firstly, an unknown input signal is sampled through a high-speed data acquisition system to obtain a digital parallel sampling signal and is sent to a multi-information-domain data processing module in an FPGA, in the multi-information-domain data processing module, time-frequency diagram data acquisition of the unknown signal is completed based on accurate control, fast Fourier transform and data delay feedback on time domain data required by each frame of frequency spectrum, the time-frequency diagram data is sent to an industrial personal computer through a high-speed interface after being acquired, data analysis, spectrum energy maximum value acquisition and effective frequency index value calculation are carried out to obtain a maximum effective frequency index value and a minimum effective frequency index value, then the central frequency and analysis bandwidth of the multi-domain analysis parameter are obtained through calculation, and the multi-domain analysis processing module is set in a digital oscilloscope user interface and is fed back to be adjusted.

Inventors

LIU XUETAO
ZHANG QINCHUAN
QIU DUYU
Ye Pi
YANG KUOJUN
WEN BAIYANG
LIU HUANCHAO
HUANG CHUAN
PAN ZHIXIANG
HUANG WUHUANG
ZHAO YU

Assignees

电子科技大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260121

Claims (4)

1. A digital oscilloscope multi-domain parameter self-adaptive adjustment method for matching signal frequency characteristics is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) Inputting the detected signal to a digital oscilloscope, and acquiring the detected signal through a high-speed ADC at the front end to obtain parallel sampling data; (2) Processing the parallel sampling data through the FPGA to obtain multi-frame frequency spectrum data streams; (3) Uploading the multi-frame frequency spectrum data stream to an upper computer through a high-speed communication interface by the FPGA, combining the multi-frame frequency spectrum data stream into a time-frequency diagram with adjustable time length by the upper computer, and extracting effective frequency characteristics based on the time-frequency diagram; (4) And performing multi-domain parameter self-adaptive adjustment based on the effective frequency characteristics extracted from the time-frequency diagram.
2. The method for adaptively adjusting the parameters of multiple domains of the digital oscilloscope matching the frequency characteristics of the signal according to claim 1, wherein the specific processing flow of the step (2) is as follows: (2.1) inputting parallel sampling data to the FPGA through a high-speed interface, and then writing the parallel sampling data into a cache FIFO; Initializing a data output counter, then counting data output by the FIFO, and when the count value of the data output counter reaches a preset single-frame FFT point number N, pulling up a frame reset signal by the FIFO, and immediately stopping the FIFO writing operation to obtain a frame of N-point serial output data; (2.3) sending the N-point serial data to an FFT operation module for N-point fast Fourier transform to obtain single frame frequency data; (2.4) when the FFT calculation of one frame is finished, the FIFO generates and pulls up a frame processing completion flag signal and feeds back the frame processing completion flag signal to the delay feedback counter; (2.5) the upper computer transmits an adjustable Delay value Delay to a Delay feedback counter, the Delay feedback counter starts Delay counting after detecting a frame processing completion mark signal, and when the Delay count value reaches Delay, the Delay feedback counter generates a Delay end signal and feeds back the Delay end signal to the FIFO; And (2.6) when the FIFO receives the delay end signal, pulling down the frame reset signal again, resetting the count value of the output counter, unlocking the write operation of the FIFO, returning to the step (2.2), and starting the acquisition and processing of the next frame of data until the acquisition and processing of the M frames are completed, and finally obtaining the M frame of data stream.
3. The method for adaptively adjusting the parameters of multiple domains of the digital oscilloscope matching the frequency characteristics of the signal according to claim 1, wherein the specific processing flow of the step (3) is as follows: (3.1) the FPGA uploads the M frame data stream to the upper computer through the high-speed communication interface; (3.2) the upper computer calculates the logarithmic energy amplitude of each frequency point in each frame of frequency data, wherein the first is recorded In frame No Logarithmic energy amplitude of each frequency point is ; ; Wherein, the Is that Is used for the real part of (c), Is that Is used to determine the imaginary part of (c), Is the first Complex representation of frame frequency data, i.e. ; (3.3) Taking the logarithmic energy amplitude of each frame of frequency data as the row vector of the time-frequency diagram, thereby combining a frame of frequency data with the magnitude of Time-frequency diagram with adjustable time length ; ; Wherein M represents the number of frames in the time dimension, and N represents the FFT point number; transmitting the time-frequency diagram data to an upper computer, constructing a time-frequency data space, and extracting signal effective frequency characteristics by adopting a matrix analysis method; (3.4) time-frequency diagram Performing global scanning to search global maximum energy value ; ; (3.5) Setting an energy threshold parameter Calculating an effective energy determination threshold ; ; (3.6) Time-frequency diagram Viewed as being composed of M row vectors A set of components in which the row vectors Corresponds to the first Logarithmic energy amplitude sequences of frames, i.e. ; Traversing each row vector Extracting row vectors All of the amplitude values are greater than Element position index of (2), and constitute it into the first Effective frequency index set of frames ; ; (3.7) For each non-empty index set Obtaining the first through an extremum searching algorithm Maximum frequency index value of frame And minimum frequency index value ; ; ; (3.8) Synthesizing all frame characteristics containing effective signals, extracting global maximum effective frequency index Index with global minimum effective frequency ; ; 。
4. The method for adaptively adjusting the parameters of multiple domains of the digital oscilloscope matching the frequency characteristics of the signal according to claim 1, wherein the specific processing flow of the step (4) is as follows: (4.1) according to the sampling rate of the acquisition system With FFT points Calculating frequency resolution ; ; (4.2) Indexing the global maximum effective frequency value And a global minimum effective frequency index value Conversion to a true frequency maximum f max and a minimum f min ; ; ; (4.3), calculating an analysis bandwidth f B ; ; (4.4), calculating a center frequency f c ; ; And (4.5) automatically updating display settings on a digital oscilloscope interface by the upper computer software according to the calculation result f B 、f c , and simultaneously, issuing f B 、f c to the FPGA by the upper computer software through a feedback loop to finish parameter self-adaptive adjustment of next round of acquisition and analysis.

Description

Multi-domain parameter self-adaptive adjustment method for digital oscilloscope matching signal frequency characteristics Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of digital oscilloscopes, and particularly relates to a multi-domain parameter self-adaptive adjustment method of a digital oscilloscopes, which is used for matching signal frequency characteristics. Background Along with the continuous improvement of the requirements of the fields of communication, radar detection, environmental electromagnetic monitoring and the like on the real-time performance and the precision of signal acquisition, a high-speed acquisition system becomes a core device for acquiring signal characteristics. However, in practical applications, when a signal with unknown frequency characteristics, such as a burst electromagnetic pulse, an unknown frequency band communication signal, etc., enters the system, the user cannot grasp the frequency range of the signal in advance, and needs to adjust the analysis bandwidth and the center frequency parameter by repeated trial and error. If the initially set center frequency deviates from the actual frequency band of the signal or the bandwidth is too narrow, the signal is truncated and too wide, so that the resource is wasted, and parameters are reconfigured and acquired again. The process not only consumes a great deal of time and cost, but also can miss the observation window of the transient signal due to adjustment delay, and simultaneously, puts forward higher requirements on professional experience of operators, so that the usability and the application efficiency of the system under dynamic and complex signal scenes are greatly limited, and the accuracy of subsequent signal processing is influenced even due to manual setting errors. In this context, a parameter adaptive adjustment function for different frequency signals is of critical necessity. According to the function, the actual frequency range of the signal can be rapidly and accurately obtained through automatic analysis and processing of the unknown input signal, so that the setting of analysis bandwidth and center frequency is automatically completed, and the observation range of the matched signal characteristics can be provided for a user without manual intervention. From the application advantage, the method not only can greatly simplify the operation flow of a user, reduce the use threshold of the system, effectively avoid subjective errors and trial and error costs in manual parameter setting, but also can ensure that the signal is always in the optimal observation bandwidth, thereby not only avoiding the waste of acquisition resources caused by bandwidth redundancy, but also preventing the loss of signal information caused by insufficient bandwidth, and remarkably improving the adaptation capability and response speed of the system to complex unknown signals. More importantly, the function can promote the high-speed acquisition system to be upgraded from manual configuration to intelligent autonomous adaptation, so that the high-speed acquisition system has more excellent flexibility and reliability in the scenes of real-time electromagnetic environment monitoring, burst signal capturing and the like, high-quality original data support is provided for subsequent signal processing, the application boundary of the system is further expanded, and the technical competitiveness and practical value of the high-speed acquisition system in the related field are improved. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a multi-domain parameter self-adaptive adjustment method of a digital oscilloscope, which is used for matching the frequency characteristics of signals. In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention provides a multi-domain parameter self-adaptive adjustment method of a digital oscilloscope, which is matched with the frequency characteristics of signals, and is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) Inputting the detected signal to a digital oscilloscope, and acquiring the detected signal through a high-speed ADC at the front end to obtain parallel sampling data; (2) Processing the parallel sampling data through the FPGA to obtain multi-frame frequency spectrum data streams; (3) Uploading the multi-frame frequency spectrum data stream to an upper computer through a high-speed communication interface by the FPGA, combining the multi-frame frequency spectrum data stream into a time-frequency diagram with adjustable time length by the upper computer, and extracting effective frequency characteristics based on the time-frequency diagram; (4) And performing multi-domain parameter self-adaptive adjustment based on the effective frequency characteristics extracted from the time-frequency diagram. The invention aims at realizing the following steps: The invention discloses a multi-domain parameter self-adaptive adjustme