CN-121978750-A - Coal mine goaf crack measurement monitoring system and method

CN121978750ACN 121978750 ACN121978750 ACN 121978750ACN-121978750-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a coal mine goaf crack measurement monitoring system and method, comprising the following steps of collecting surrounding rock energy propagation behavior data, executing pretreatment, carrying out space gridding modeling, constructing a goaf three-dimensional discrete bulk set, generating an energy density field, calculating a space gradient for the energy density field, generating an energy gradient field, calculating an energy flow direction vector field based on the energy gradient field, calculating an energy divergence abnormal score field, executing threshold segmentation and connected domain extraction, generating an energy dissipation abnormal region set and an energy convergence abnormal region set, executing streamline tracking based on the energy flow direction vector field, extracting an energy flow deflection structure set, executing direction consistency screening, obtaining a crack trend set, and generating a coal mine goaf crack measurement result based on the crack trend set. The goaf crack measuring device based on three-dimensional energy field analysis realizes goaf crack measurement and has the advantages of being strong in continuity and high in accuracy.

Inventors

YANG FUQIANG
CUI JIANTING
HU KUNPENG
WANG ZHAOFENG
LI GUANGZHU
WANG KUN
FAN JUNFU

Assignees

鄂尔多斯市昊华精煤有限责任公司
山东科技大学
内蒙古工业大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260407

Claims (10)

1. The coal mine goaf crack measurement and monitoring method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: Collecting surrounding rock energy propagation behavior data in the coverage area of a coal mine goaf, and performing preprocessing to generate a standardized energy propagation data set; Based on a standardized energy transmission data set, performing space gridding modeling, constructing a goaf three-dimensional discrete voxel set, calculating the energy density of each voxel, and generating an energy density field; calculating a spatial gradient for the energy density field, generating an energy gradient field, and calculating an energy flow direction vector field based on the energy gradient field; calculating an energy divergence abnormal score field based on the energy density field, the energy gradient field and the energy flow direction vector field, and performing threshold segmentation and connected domain extraction to generate an energy dissipation abnormal region set and an energy convergence abnormal region set; In the energy dissipation abnormal region set and the energy convergence abnormal region set, carrying out streamline tracking based on an energy flow direction vector field, extracting an energy flow deflection structure set, generating a crack trend candidate set, and carrying out direction consistency screening to obtain a crack trend set; And generating a coal mine goaf crack measurement result based on the crack trend set.
2. The method for measuring and monitoring cracks in a goaf of a coal mine according to claim 1, wherein the surrounding rock energy propagation behavior data comprises event time data, waveform amplitude data, frequency band energy data and attenuation coefficient data.
3. The method for measuring and monitoring the cracks of the goaf of the coal mine according to claim 1, wherein the preprocessing comprises time synchronization, abnormal section elimination, band-pass filtering and amplitude normalization.
4. The method for measuring and monitoring the cracks of the goaf of the coal mine according to claim 1, wherein the generation of the energy density field specifically comprises the following steps: Acquiring a standardized energy transmission data set and an energy transmission monitoring point space coordinate matrix, establishing a goaf three-dimensional space coordinate frame according to the space boundary range of the goaf of a coal mine, and performing grid subdivision on the goaf three-dimensional space coordinate frame to obtain a goaf three-dimensional discrete body set; Extracting event arrival time data, waveform amplitude data, frequency band energy data and attenuation coefficient data in corresponding space neighborhood for each three-dimensional discrete element in the goaf three-dimensional discrete element set, calculating the space distance from each microseismic sensor to the central position of the current three-dimensional discrete element by combining an energy transmission monitoring point space coordinate matrix, and generating a voxel local data mapping set corresponding to each three-dimensional discrete element; According to the volume element local data mapping set, performing energy contribution distribution on each three-dimensional discrete volume element, mapping waveform amplitude data and frequency band energy data into volume element input energy values, mapping attenuation coefficient data and space distance into volume element propagation attenuation values, and determining volume element energy action time windows by combining event arrival time data to obtain volume element energy representation data corresponding to each three-dimensional discrete volume element; performing volume normalization on voxel energy representation data of each three-dimensional discrete voxel in the goaf three-dimensional discrete voxel set to obtain an energy density value corresponding to each three-dimensional discrete voxel, and forming a discrete energy density distribution set; Carrying out space continuous reconstruction on the goaf three-dimensional discrete voxel set by using the discrete energy density distribution set to generate a continuous energy density distribution result; And performing boundary correction on the continuous energy density distribution result to obtain an energy density field.
5. The method for measuring and monitoring the cracks of the goaf of the coal mine according to claim 4, wherein the energy density field is a spatial distribution representation formed after each three-dimensional discrete body in the three-dimensional space of the goaf of the coal mine is endowed with a corresponding energy density value and is used for representing the distribution state of surrounding rock energy in the goaf.
6. The method for measuring and monitoring the cracks of the goaf of the coal mine according to claim 1, wherein the generation of the energy flow direction vector field specifically comprises the following steps: Reading an energy density field and a goaf three-dimensional space coordinate frame, extracting energy density values corresponding to three-dimensional discrete objects in a goaf three-dimensional discrete object set, and a voxel central coordinate and voxel adjacent relation to construct a voxel neighborhood data set; For each three-dimensional discrete element in the goaf three-dimensional discrete element set, respectively extracting energy density values of adjacent three-dimensional discrete elements along three coordinate directions of a goaf three-dimensional space coordinate frame, calculating energy density variation of the current three-dimensional discrete element along the three coordinate directions, and generating corresponding voxel direction gradient components; Combining voxel direction gradient components corresponding to each three-dimensional discrete voxel to obtain energy gradient vectors corresponding to each three-dimensional discrete voxel, writing each energy gradient vector into a goaf three-dimensional space coordinate frame, and generating an energy gradient field; performing direction normalization on each energy gradient vector in the energy gradient field, extracting the dominant energy change direction of each three-dimensional discrete voxel, and generating a corresponding voxel energy flow direction vector set; mapping the voxel energy flow direction vector set to a goaf three-dimensional space coordinate frame according to voxel center coordinates to form energy flow direction vectors corresponding to three-dimensional discrete bodies in the goaf three-dimensional space, and obtaining an energy flow direction vector field; And carrying out consistency check on the energy gradient field and the energy flow direction vector field, and retaining the three-dimensional discrete voxel meeting the preset direction consistency condition in the effective voxel set.
7. The method for measuring and monitoring the cracks of the goaf of the coal mine according to claim 1, wherein the generation of the energy dissipation abnormal region set and the energy convergence abnormal region set specifically comprises the following steps: based on an energy density field, an energy gradient field and an energy flow direction vector field, extracting energy density values, energy gradient vectors, energy flow direction vectors, voxel center coordinates and voxel adjacency relations corresponding to each three-dimensional discrete voxel in the goaf three-dimensional discrete voxel set, and constructing an energy divergence anomaly calculation data set; For each three-dimensional discrete element in the goaf three-dimensional discrete element set, respectively extracting energy flow direction vector components of adjacent three-dimensional discrete elements along three coordinate directions of a goaf three-dimensional space coordinate frame, calculating vector variation of the current three-dimensional discrete element in the three coordinate directions, and generating corresponding voxel energy divergence values by combining an energy density value and an energy gradient vector of the current three-dimensional discrete element; Generating energy dispersion abnormal scores corresponding to the three-dimensional discrete bodies according to the voxel energy dispersion values corresponding to the three-dimensional discrete bodies, and writing the energy dispersion abnormal scores into a three-dimensional space coordinate frame of the goaf to form an energy dispersion abnormal score field; performing threshold segmentation on the energy divergence abnormal score field, and extracting three-dimensional discrete voxels with the energy divergence abnormal score being greater than a preset abnormal threshold as candidate abnormal voxels; for each candidate abnormal voxel, extracting energy flow direction vectors corresponding to adjacent three-dimensional discrete voxels, calculating a direction approach value of the energy flow direction vector of each adjacent three-dimensional discrete voxel to the central position of the current candidate abnormal voxel, and accumulating all the direction approach values to obtain a voxel direction convergence judgment value corresponding to the current candidate abnormal voxel; Marking the candidate abnormal voxels with the voxel direction convergence judgment value larger than the preset convergence judgment threshold value as energy convergence abnormal voxels, marking the candidate abnormal voxels with the voxel direction convergence judgment value smaller than the preset dissipation judgment threshold value as energy dissipation abnormal voxels, and generating a voxel abnormality marking set; based on the voxel adjacent relation in the goaf three-dimensional discrete voxel set, performing connected domain extraction processing on the voxel anomaly marked set, and aggregating the three-dimensional discrete voxel into a plurality of candidate anomaly connected domains to obtain an energy dissipation anomaly region set and an energy convergence anomaly region set.
8. The method for measuring and monitoring the cracks in the goaf of the coal mine according to claim 1, wherein the generation of the crack trend set specifically comprises the following steps: based on the energy dissipation abnormal region set, the energy convergence abnormal region set and the energy flow direction vector field, extracting a voxel center coordinate and an energy flow direction vector corresponding to the three-dimensional discrete voxel in each abnormal region, and generating an abnormal region streamline tracking data set; taking the voxel center coordinates of the three-dimensional discrete bodies with the smallest space distance from the geometric center position in each abnormal region as a streamline tracking starting point, executing forward tracking along the energy flow direction vector, and executing reverse tracking along the reverse direction of the energy flow direction vector to obtain a forward streamline set and a reverse streamline set; Recording a three-dimensional discrete voxel sequence passing through each streamline in the forward streamline set and the reverse streamline set, extracting local deflection fragments according to the change of the direction included angle between adjacent tracking steps, and generating an energy flow deflection fragment set; segment aggregation is carried out based on the energy flow deflection segment set, local deflection segments with continuous space positions and consistent direction change trend are combined into an energy flow deflection structure, and the energy flow deflection structure set is obtained; extracting crack trend candidates corresponding to each energy flow deflection structure according to the dominant extension direction in the energy flow deflection structure set, and generating a crack trend candidate set; Performing direction consistency screening on the crack trend candidate set to generate a crack trend set; and mapping the fracture strike set to a goaf three-dimensional space coordinate frame.
9. The method for measuring and monitoring the coal mine goaf cracks according to claim 1, wherein the generating of the coal mine goaf crack measurement results specifically comprises: Correspondingly calibrating each crack trend in the crack trend set according to the goaf three-dimensional space coordinate frame to generate a crack trend distribution data set; extracting corresponding space positions and trend directions from each crack trend in the crack trend distribution data set, determining the distribution positions of each crack trend in the goaf three-dimensional space, and generating a crack space position result set; classifying the areas of the fracture strike in the three-dimensional space of the goaf according to the fracture space position result set, determining the corresponding fracture strike distribution conditions in different space areas, and generating a fracture area distribution result set; Counting the number of crack trend in the goaf based on the crack trend set, and classifying and sorting according to the trend direction of each crack trend to generate a crack trend counting result set; And summarizing the result set of the spatial position of the crack, the result set of the distribution of the crack area and the result set of the statistics of the trend of the crack, and generating a coal mine goaf crack measurement result.
10. A coal mine goaf crack measurement monitoring system for executing the coal mine goaf crack measurement monitoring method of any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: the data acquisition module is used for acquiring surrounding rock energy propagation behavior data in the coverage area of the coal mine goaf, and performing preprocessing to generate a standardized energy propagation data set; the energy density field construction module is used for carrying out space gridding modeling, constructing a goaf three-dimensional discrete voxel set, calculating the energy density of each voxel and generating an energy density field; The gradient and flow direction calculation module is used for calculating a spatial gradient for the energy density field, generating an energy gradient field and calculating an energy flow direction vector field based on the energy gradient field; The abnormal region extraction module is used for calculating an energy divergence abnormal score field based on the energy density field, the energy gradient field and the energy flow direction vector field, and performing threshold segmentation and connected domain extraction to generate an energy dissipation abnormal region set and an energy convergence abnormal region set; The crack trend extraction module is used for executing streamline tracking based on an energy flow direction vector field in the energy dissipation abnormal region set and the energy convergence abnormal region set, extracting an energy flow deflection structure set, generating a crack trend candidate set, and executing direction consistency screening on the crack trend candidate set to obtain a crack trend set; And the measurement result generation module is used for generating a coal mine goaf crack measurement result based on the crack trend set.

Description

Coal mine goaf crack measurement monitoring system and method Technical Field The invention relates to the field of coal mine safety monitoring and rock mass structure detection, in particular to a coal mine goaf crack measurement monitoring system and method. Background Under the action of mining disturbance and stress redistribution, the goaf of the coal mine is easy to form crack expansion, shearing sliding and structural instability phenomena in surrounding rock, and the spatial distribution and trend characteristics of a crack structure directly influence the stability of a top plate and the evolution trend of disasters. In the prior art, crack identification is carried out based on drilling peeping, geological logging or single microseismic event positioning results, inversion of the position of an event focus or abnormal analysis of wave velocity are usually stressed, the space continuous modeling capability of surrounding rock energy propagation behavior data is insufficient, and three-dimensional energy distribution structure expression in a goaf is difficult to form. Meanwhile, the existing method lacks a joint analysis mechanism for an energy density field, an energy gradient field and an energy flow direction vector field, an energy dissipation abnormal region and an energy convergence abnormal region cannot be identified through an energy divergence abnormal score field, and a crack trend inversion flow extracted based on streamline tracking and an energy flow deflection structure is not constructed, so that a crack identification result is strong in discreteness and insufficient in direction stability, and continuous and structured measurement and monitoring of a hidden crack of a goaf are difficult to realize. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a coal mine goaf crack measurement monitoring system and method, which are used for realizing goaf crack measurement based on three-dimensional energy field analysis and have the advantages of strong continuity and high precision. The method for measuring and monitoring the cracks of the goaf of the coal mine comprises the following steps: Collecting surrounding rock energy propagation behavior data in the coverage area of a coal mine goaf, and performing preprocessing to generate a standardized energy propagation data set; Based on a standardized energy transmission data set, performing space gridding modeling, constructing a goaf three-dimensional discrete voxel set, calculating the energy density of each voxel, and generating an energy density field; calculating a spatial gradient for the energy density field, generating an energy gradient field, and calculating an energy flow direction vector field based on the energy gradient field; calculating an energy divergence abnormal score field based on the energy density field, the energy gradient field and the energy flow direction vector field, and performing threshold segmentation and connected domain extraction to generate an energy dissipation abnormal region set and an energy convergence abnormal region set; In the energy dissipation abnormal region set and the energy convergence abnormal region set, carrying out streamline tracking based on an energy flow direction vector field, extracting an energy flow deflection structure set, generating a crack trend candidate set, and carrying out direction consistency screening to obtain a crack trend set; And generating a coal mine goaf crack measurement result based on the crack trend set. Optionally, the surrounding rock energy propagation behavior data comprises event time-of-day data, waveform amplitude data, frequency band energy data and attenuation coefficient data. Optionally, the preprocessing includes time synchronization, abnormal section rejection, band-pass filtering and amplitude normalization. Optionally, the generating of the energy density field specifically includes: Acquiring a standardized energy transmission data set and an energy transmission monitoring point space coordinate matrix, establishing a goaf three-dimensional space coordinate frame according to the space boundary range of the goaf of a coal mine, and performing grid subdivision on the goaf three-dimensional space coordinate frame to obtain a goaf three-dimensional discrete body set; Extracting event arrival time data, waveform amplitude data, frequency band energy data and attenuation coefficient data in corresponding space neighborhood for each three-dimensional discrete element in the goaf three-dimensional discrete element set, calculating the space distance from each microseismic sensor to the central position of the current three-dimensional discrete element by combining an energy transmission monitoring point space coordinate matrix, and generating a voxel local data mapping set corresponding to each three-dimensional discrete element; According to the volume element local data mapping set, performing energy contribution distribution on each three-di