CN-121978962-A - Self-adaptive control method and system for laser marking of wiring terminal shell

CN121978962ACN 121978962 ACN121978962 ACN 121978962ACN-121978962-A

Abstract

The application discloses a self-adaptive control method and a system for laser marking of a wiring terminal shell, which relate to the technical field of laser processing and intelligent manufacturing and comprise the steps of obtaining surface image information, extracting initial surface state data, establishing a mapping relation between laser energy density and shell surface change, and constructing an initial marking control model; setting an initial control value according to an initial marking control model, collecting marking information of a marking area, carrying out fusion processing to generate comprehensive marking state data, outputting real-time marking quality errors and the change rate of the real-time marking quality errors according to the comprehensive marking state data, obtaining adjustment directions and amplitudes of laser data under a preset physical constraint condition, dynamically correcting the physical constraint condition according to the adjustment directions and the amplitudes of the laser data by combining historical marking data, and outputting an optimal laser data combination.

Inventors

HE PEILONG
ZENG XIAOQIANG
LI JIHENG
SHI CONGLIN

Assignees

杰特电子实业(深圳)有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260323

Claims (10)

1. The self-adaptive control method for the laser marking of the wiring terminal shell is characterized by comprising the following steps of: acquiring surface image information of a target wiring terminal shell, extracting initial surface state data, establishing a mapping relation between laser energy density and shell surface change, and constructing an initial marking control model; setting an initial control value according to the initial marking control model, and driving laser to mark; In the marking process, marking information of a marking area is collected, and fusion processing is carried out to generate comprehensive marking state data; outputting real-time mark quality errors and the change rate thereof according to the comprehensive mark state data, and obtaining the adjustment direction and the adjustment amplitude of the laser data under the preset physical constraint condition; And dynamically correcting physical constraint conditions according to the adjustment direction and amplitude of the laser data and combining the historical marking data, and outputting the optimal laser data combination.
2. The self-adaptive control method for laser marking of a wiring terminal shell according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by obtaining the surface image information of the target wiring terminal shell, extracting initial surface state data, establishing a mapping relation between laser energy density and shell surface change, and constructing an initial marking control model, and specifically comprises the following steps: positioning a region to be marked of a target wiring terminal shell, acquiring initial image information of the surface of the shell, and preprocessing the initial image information; Extracting initial surface state data based on the preprocessed surface image information; Performing unified scale conversion on the initial surface state data, and distributing weights according to the influence intensity on laser marking to form a comprehensive surface state vector; Outputting an initial interval of response of the shell surface to laser energy according to the comprehensive surface state vector, and restricting the regulation and control range of the laser energy density in different intervals; marking the shell in the constrained laser energy density range, and extracting corresponding surface variation characteristic data; Based on the laser energy density, the comprehensive surface state vector and the corresponding surface change characteristic data, establishing a mapping relation between laser input and a shell surface change trend; and introducing a mapping relation between the laser input and the shell surface change trend and the comprehensive surface state vector into a marking control logic, and constructing an initial marking control model.
3. The self-adaptive control method for laser marking of a terminal housing according to claim 2, wherein the method outputs an initial interval of the housing surface responding to the laser energy according to the comprehensive surface state vector, and constrains the regulation and control range of the laser energy density in different intervals, specifically as follows: According to the comprehensive surface state vector, quantitatively analyzing the response of the shell surface to the laser energy input to generate energy response sensitivity; Dividing the response of the shell surface to the laser energy input into a plurality of initial energy response intervals according to the energy response sensitivity; the laser energy density adjusting boundary corresponding to the initial energy response interval is restrained, so that the laser energy density is limited in the adjusting boundary matched with the current energy response interval; In the marking process, the shell surface characteristics are collected in real time, the comprehensive surface state vector is updated, the energy response sensitivity is output again, the initial energy response interval is determined, and the corresponding laser energy density adjustment boundary is called according to the current interval.
4. The self-adaptive control method for marking laser of a terminal housing according to claim 1, wherein the initial control value is set according to an initial marking control model, and the laser is driven to mark, specifically as follows: In the initial marking control model, carrying out feature analysis on the comprehensive surface state vector, and extracting a key state; Matching the key state with an energy response judgment rule pre-established in the model; according to the matching result, outputting the energy response sensitivity of the current shell, and determining an initial energy response interval of the shell in an initial marking control model according to the energy response sensitivity; invoking a laser energy density adjustment boundary pre-associated with the initial energy response interval as a laser energy density adjustment boundary allowed in the initial stage of marking the current shell; generating an initial control value according to the energy response sensitivity and the regional response difference in the adjustment boundary, and dynamically correcting the initial control value according to the material batch information and the historical marking data; And driving the laser to start marking according to a preset path according to the initial control value.
5. The adaptive control method for laser marking of a terminal housing according to claim 4, wherein in the adjustment boundary, an initial control value is generated according to the energy response sensitivity and the regional response difference, and the initial control value is dynamically corrected according to the material batch information and the history marking data, specifically as follows: acquiring material batch information and historical marking data of a current shell; Carrying out statistical analysis on the historical marking data, extracting deviation trends and drift characteristics of response of different batches of materials to the laser data, and obtaining a deviation range of the current batch; Dividing the marked areas according to the shell surface characteristic images and the energy response sensitivity, and identifying response differences of different areas to laser data changes, namely regional response differences; acquiring reference laser data of historical marking data, and correcting the reference laser data by combining a batch deviation range and a regional response difference to generate an initial control value; controlling the initial control value of each sensitive area to enable the initial mark of each sensitive area to meet the expected requirement; Matching the initial control value subjected to regional correction with the safe operation range and the material tolerance limit of the laser equipment, and restricting the control value exceeding the limit to obtain a final control value; and driving the laser to start marking according to a preset path according to the corrected control value.
6. The self-adaptive control method for laser marking of a wiring terminal shell according to claim 1, wherein the marking information of the marking area is collected and fused to generate comprehensive marking state data, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: marking process data of the marking area are collected, and the marking process data are associated with a laser scanning path and a time axis; Performing time synchronization calibration on marking process data of different sources by taking a laser scanning time sequence as a reference, and performing resampling processing on data with inconsistent sampling frequency and delayed acquisition; Space coordinates of the marking area are used as references, space mapping is carried out on marking process data after time synchronization calibration, space alignment is achieved, and noise suppression processing is carried out on the aligned marking process data; trend constraint is carried out on the reflected light intensity change marking process data and the temperature rise trend marking process data, and abnormal sampling points deviating from the current marking state are marked; extracting process characteristic data based on marking process data after noise suppression processing; correlating and structuring and storing the process characteristic data with the marking path position and the time node to form a space-time characteristic sequence of the marking process; Extracting process feature data corresponding to the current marking section from the space-time feature sequence of the marking process, carrying out normalization and unified scale conversion on the extracted process feature data, and distributing weight to marking quality characterization intensity according to the extracted process feature data to construct a comprehensive marking state vector.
7. The self-adaptive control method for laser marking of a wiring terminal shell according to claim 1, wherein the real-time mark quality error and the change rate thereof are output according to the comprehensive marking state data, and the adjustment direction and the adjustment amplitude of the laser data are obtained under the preset physical constraint condition, specifically as follows: Determining a marking quality reference state according to the expected requirement of the marking task; comparing the comprehensive marking state data acquired at the current moment with a marking quality reference state, and calculating to obtain a real-time marking quality error; performing time sequence analysis on the real-time marking quality error at the continuous marking time, and outputting the change rate of the marking quality error along with the marking path; extracting state features of evolution trend of the marking process from the comprehensive marking state data; according to the real-time marking quality error, the marking quality error change rate and the state characteristics, generating a comprehensive judgment result of marking quality deviation, and distinguishing transient fluctuation from persistence deviation; According to the comprehensive judging result, combining the mapping relation between the laser input and the shell surface variation trend, and judging the adjusting direction of the laser data; on the basis of determining the adjustment direction of laser data, combining an energy response interval to which the current shell belongs and a corresponding laser energy density adjustment boundary, and outputting the adjustment amplitude of the laser data; limiting the adjustment direction and the adjustment amplitude of the laser data based on a preset physical constraint condition; and on the premise of meeting the physical constraint condition, outputting the adjustment direction and the adjustment amplitude of the laser data.
8. The self-adaptive control method for laser marking of a wiring terminal shell according to claim 7, wherein the comprehensive judgment result of marking quality deviation is generated according to real-time marking quality error, marking quality error change rate and state characteristics, and transient fluctuation and persistence deviation are distinguished, specifically as follows: comparing the current marking quality deviation with a preset allowable deviation range according to the real-time marking quality error, and judging that the current deviation is in an acceptable state when the real-time marking quality error is in the allowable deviation range; when the real-time marking quality error exceeds the allowable deviation range, carrying out trend judgment by combining the marking quality error change rate, and when the marking quality error is in the same direction increase or no obvious fallback occurs at a plurality of continuous marking moments, judging that the deviation has a continuous development trend; when the real-time marking quality error exceeds the allowable deviation range but the marking quality error change rate shows quick fallback, judging that the deviation is transient fluctuation; Extracting a state characteristic change direction related to marking quality deviation from the comprehensive marking state data; judging whether the change direction of the state characteristics is consistent with the change direction of the real-time marking quality error, and if so, confirming that the deviation is derived from the actual change of the marking process state; when the real-time marking quality error exceeds the allowable deviation range and the marking quality error change rate shows a continuous trend, and the state characteristic change direction is consistent with the deviation direction, judging that the current marking quality deviation is a continuous deviation; when the above-described persistent deviation determination condition is not satisfied, the current marking quality deviation is determined as a transient fluctuation deviation.
9. The self-adaptive control method for laser marking of a connecting terminal shell according to claim 1, wherein the physical constraint condition is dynamically modified according to the adjustment direction and the amplitude of laser data in combination with history marking data, and the optimal laser data combination is output, specifically as follows: Invoking historical marking data corresponding to the current shell material type, material batch and surface state; correcting the effective boundary of the preset physical constraint condition based on the historical marking data; The corrected physical constraint condition is used as a new constraint boundary and is matched with the current laser data adjustment direction and adjustment amplitude, and whether the adjustment is triggered or not, and whether the risk of material damage or marking instability exists is judged; When the adjusted laser data falls into the modified physical constraint boundary, confirming that the adjustment direction and the adjustment amplitude of the laser data are effectively adjusted; When the adjusted laser data exceeds the modified physical constraint boundary, reassigning the adjustment amplitude of the laser data according to a safe adjustment path of the corresponding working condition in the historical marking data, and outputting a suboptimal adjustment direction; performing combination optimization on the corrected laser data to generate a laser data combination which meets the marking quality requirement and is in the corrected physical constraint condition; And outputting the laser data combination as the optimal laser data combination of the current marking stage.
10. A system using the adaptive control method of the laser marking of the terminal housing according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is characterized by comprising a data acquisition module, an initial control value module, a fusion module, a constraint module and an output module, wherein the modules are connected; The data acquisition module is used for acquiring surface image information of the target wiring terminal shell, extracting initial surface state data, establishing a mapping relation between laser energy density and shell surface change, and constructing an initial marking control model; the initial control value module is used for setting an initial control value according to the initial marking control model and driving laser to mark; The fusion module is used for collecting marking information of the marking area in the marking process, and carrying out fusion processing to generate comprehensive marking state data; the constraint module is used for outputting real-time mark quality errors and the change rate thereof according to the comprehensive marking state data and obtaining the adjustment direction and the adjustment amplitude of the laser data under the preset physical constraint condition; and the output module is used for dynamically correcting the physical constraint condition according to the adjustment direction and the amplitude of the laser data and combining the historical marking data to output the optimal laser data combination.

Description

Self-adaptive control method and system for laser marking of wiring terminal shell Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of laser processing and intelligent manufacturing, in particular to a self-adaptive control method and a system for laser marking of a wiring terminal shell. Background In the modern electronics industry, terminals are used as important components of circuit connections, whose quality and identification clarity directly influence the reliability and maintenance efficiency of the terminal equipment. Along with the continuous improvement of the industrial automation level, the laser marking technology gradually becomes a main stream method for marking the wiring terminal due to the advantages of non-contact, high precision, strong durability, high processing speed and the like. However, the prior art still faces various challenges and limitations in practical applications, and improvements and optimizations are needed. For example, the invention patent with the publication number of CN108406124A discloses a laser marking method and a system, which relate to the technical field of laser processing, wherein the system comprises a laser marking component, a marking test component and a control module, the laser marking component is used for emitting laser for marking an image, and the marking test component is used for detecting the gray relative value of an image to be detected marked by the laser marking component on an actual material in real time. When laser marking is carried out, the gray scale relative value of the actual material is obtained by carrying out actual marking on the actual material, and the proper laser marking parameters are called according to the gray scale relative value of the actual material, so that the laser marking component corrects the laser marking program according to the parameters and sends proper laser to mark the products corresponding to the material, and the problem of inconsistent marking effect caused by the difference of the actual material is solved. Therefore, the consistency of marking image effects can be ensured, the production efficiency is improved, and the rejection rate is reduced. For example, the invention patent with publication number CN110788489A discloses a method for automatically correcting the marking position of laser, which comprises providing a marking template; the method comprises the steps of carrying out a marking test according to a marking template to obtain a marking sample, collecting a test result by an image collecting system, comparing the test result with the marking template to obtain a deviation value, and marking according to the deviation value, wherein the marking template comprises coordinates x1, y1, x2 and y2 of n marking contents, xn and yn, wherein n is a natural number which is greater than or equal to 1, the test result is actual marking coordinates x1', y1', x2', y2' of n marking contents, xn ' and yn ', the deviation value is delta x1, delta y1, delta x2 and delta y2, the term is delta xn, delta x 1=x1-x 1',deltay1 ',deltax1=y 1',deltax2=x2 ',deltay2 ',deltax1=xyn-xyn. The laser marking method is used for marking, the accuracy of the obtained marking result is high, post-adjustment is not needed, and the marking efficiency is high. In the above disclosed technical solution, at least the following technical problems exist: in the traditional technology, laser marking generally adopts fixed energy and preset parameters, lacks real-time sensing and self-adaptive adjustment of the surface state of a shell, and lacks real-time constraint on the material tolerance limit and the laser safety range when the laser parameters are adjusted, so that the phenomenon of overspray or damage is easy to occur. The present invention proposes a solution to the above-mentioned problems. Disclosure of Invention In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a self-adaptive control method and a self-adaptive control system for laser marking of a wiring terminal shell, and solves the problems of uneven quality and batch difference of laser marking through surface state self-adaptation and historical data optimization. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A self-adaptive control method for marking a wiring terminal shell by laser includes the steps of obtaining surface image information of a target wiring terminal shell, extracting initial surface state data, building a mapping relation between laser energy density and shell surface change, building an initial marking control model, setting an initial control value according to the initial marking control model, driving laser to mark, collecting marking information of a marking area in the marking process, carrying out fusion processing to generate comprehensive marking state data, outputting real-time mark quality errors and change rates of the