CN-121979293-A - Outdoor solar quick charging device based on double-shaft solar tracking and working method

CN121979293ACN 121979293 ACN121979293 ACN 121979293ACN-121979293-A

Abstract

The invention discloses an outdoor solar quick charging device based on double-shaft solar tracking and a working method, which are composed of a tracking execution unit, a sensing and control unit and an energy conversion unit, wherein the tracking execution unit is arranged between a solar panel and a supporting base, a high-angle steering engine in the tracking execution unit is directly connected with a hinge on the back of the solar panel through an output shaft to control pitching of the solar panel, the sensing and control unit is tightly attached to the edge of the solar panel and is flush with the panel surface of the solar panel to avoid shielding, a four-quadrant photosensitive sensor of the sensing and control unit is connected with a main control singlechip through an ADC interface, an inertia measurement unit of the sensing and control unit is connected with the main control singlechip through an interface to calibrate an initial level, and the main control singlechip is respectively connected with the high-angle steering engine and an azimuth steering engine through a pulse width modulation interface to realize real quick charging.

Inventors

HE QIANG
ZHAO XIAOMING
CHEN YONGQIANG
LIAN YAOJIE
YUAN SHUHAO
WANG CHENYANG
MA JIN
CHEN YIMING

Assignees

国网山西省电力有限公司长治供电分公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260204

Claims (6)

1. An outdoor solar quick charging device based on double-shaft solar tracking is composed of a tracking execution unit, a sensing and control unit and an energy conversion unit, and is characterized in that, The tracking execution unit is arranged between the solar panel and the support base, and a high-angle steering engine in the tracking execution unit is directly connected with a hinge at the back of the solar panel through an output shaft to control the pitching of the solar panel; an azimuth steering engine in the tracking execution unit is connected with the base through a worm and gear mechanism to drive the whole upper structure to horizontally rotate; The sensing and control unit is tightly attached to the edge of the solar panel and is flush with the panel surface of the solar panel to avoid shielding, the four-quadrant photosensitive sensor of the sensing and control unit is connected with the main control singlechip through an ADC interface; The energy conversion unit is integrated in the device base, the output end of the solar panel is directly connected with the input end of the maximum power point tracking controller, and the output end of the maximum power point tracking controller is respectively connected with the lithium battery management circuit and the quick charging circuit.
2. The outdoor solar quick charging device based on double-shaft sun tracking according to claim 1, wherein an electromagnetic brake block is integrated in a mechanical structure and is automatically locked to prevent wind disturbance when power is off.
3. The method for operating an outdoor solar energy fast charging device based on dual-axis sun tracking as defined in claim 1, wherein: After the master control singlechip is started, firstly, acquiring accurate longitude and latitude coordinates and world standard time from a GPS module, reading data of an inertial measurement unit, calibrating the horizontal state of a device base, ensuring accurate reference of subsequent angle calculation, and resetting a steering engine to a safe initial position; The outdoor solar quick charging device performs initial positioning by calling a built-in solar position calculation algorithm by a main control singlechip, calculating a theoretical azimuth angle and an altitude angle of the sun relative to the device at the moment by taking the current time and the geographic position as input parameters, and rotating the azimuth angle steering engine and the altitude angle steering engine to the calculated theoretical angle by the main control singlechip through PWM signals to complete initial positioning of the system.
4. The method for operating a dual-axis sun-tracking based outdoor solar energy rapid charging device according to claim 3, wherein the outdoor solar energy rapid charging device is provided with an optical feedback fine tracking mode, and after the initial positioning is completed, the system is switched to the fine tracking mode with the four-quadrant photosensitive sensor as a core to form a closed loop control circuit, and the following steps are performed: The first step, a main control singlechip continuously reads output voltage values of four quadrants of a four-quadrant photosensitive sensor through an ADC interface, and data acquisition is carried out; step two, calculating offset of the light spot in X-axis and Y-axis directions according to voltage values (V1, V2, V3 and V4) of the four quadrants, performing deviation calculation, Δx = ( (V1 + V4) - (V2 + V3) ) / (V1 + V2 + V3 + V4)、Δy = ( (V1 + V2) - (V3 + V4) ) / (V1 + V2 + V3 + V4); Thirdly, inputting the offset deltax and deltay into two independent digital PID (proportional-integral-derivative) controllers, and outputting corresponding control quantities by the PID controllers to eliminate deviation; And fourthly, converting the PID control quantity into the duty ratio of the PWM signal, and driving the two steering engines to finely adjust in opposite directions until the center of the light spot coincides with the center of the sensor.
5. The working method of the outdoor solar quick charging device based on double-shaft solar tracking according to claim 3 or 4 is characterized in that if the environmental light intensity is continuously higher than a set threshold value and fluctuation is small, the system is maintained in an optical feedback fine tracking mode to achieve maximum power generation efficiency, if the environment is in light fluctuation, the system is judged to be invalid and immediately exits from the fine tracking mode to enter into a low-power consumption waiting mode, and if the light intensity is continuously lower than the threshold value, the system also enters into the low-power consumption waiting mode.
6. The working method of the outdoor solar quick charging device based on double-shaft sun tracking is characterized in that when continuous high-frequency vibration is detected and the amplitude exceeds a safety threshold, an interrupt service program is triggered immediately, the interrupt service program immediately stops the action of a steering engine and starts an electromagnetic braking device to lock a mechanical structure, and meanwhile, the steering engine is controlled to rotate a solar panel to a safety posture with minimum wind resistance, so that the safety of the device is protected to the greatest extent.

Description

Outdoor solar quick charging device based on double-shaft solar tracking and working method Technical Field The invention relates to a solar quick charging device, in particular to an outdoor solar quick charging device based on double-shaft solar tracking and a working method. Background At present, outdoor solar charging schemes can be generally divided into two types, the first type is a fixed solar charging device, the solar panel is usually fixedly installed on a support or a tent and other carriers, the angle is pre-adjusted, the device has a simple structure and low cost, but cannot move along with the sun, the effective power generation time is short, the daily average efficiency is low, and the energy capturing efficiency is usually lower than 70%; the second type is a single-axis (generally flat single-axis) sun tracking device, which is characterized in that the system roughly tracks the azimuth angle of the sun through a rotating shaft (generally a vertical shaft), has a relatively simple structure, but cannot follow the change of the elevation angle of the sun, particularly in winter or high-latitude areas, the tracking precision is limited, and the efficiency is not obviously improved (about 10% -20%), the prior art has the defects that (1) the energy capturing efficiency is low, the fixed device cannot utilize all-weather sunlight, the effective power generation window period is short, a large amount of light energy is not utilized, the prior single-axis tracking scheme has a coarse structure, cannot accurately track the sun and lacks an effective wind disturbance prevention protection mechanism, the outdoor environment is fragile, the power consumption and the efficiency are not matched, the self power consumption of part of an electric tracking system is larger, the increased generated power of the electric energy can not even compensate the self power consumption, the environment is not lost, the environment adaptability is weak, the intelligent strategy is lacked, the electric power consumption is not realized due to frequent rotation under complex conditions such as cloudy days and cloudy, the like, the contradiction between portability and the functionality is not realized, the contradiction between the high-efficiency tracking system and the functionality is often realized, the structure is complicated, the high-efficiency tracking system is easy, and the outdoor light and the required outdoor benefit is light and heavy The storage characteristics are liable to be in conflict. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides an outdoor solar quick charging device based on double-shaft solar tracking and a working method thereof, which solve the technical problems. The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical proposal: An outdoor solar quick charging device based on double-shaft solar tracking is composed of a tracking execution unit, a sensing and control unit and an energy conversion unit; The tracking execution unit is arranged between the solar panel and the support base, and a high-angle steering engine in the tracking execution unit is directly connected with a hinge at the back of the solar panel through an output shaft to control the pitching of the solar panel; an azimuth steering engine in the tracking execution unit is connected with the base through a worm and gear mechanism to drive the whole upper structure to horizontally rotate; The sensing and control unit is tightly attached to the edge of the solar panel and is flush with the panel surface of the solar panel to avoid shielding, the four-quadrant photosensitive sensor of the sensing and control unit is connected with the main control singlechip through an ADC interface; The energy conversion unit is integrated in the device base, the output end of the solar panel is directly connected with the input end of the maximum power point tracking controller, and the output end of the maximum power point tracking controller is respectively connected with the lithium battery management circuit and the quick charging circuit. An electromagnetic brake block is integrated in the mechanical structure, and is automatically locked when power is off, so that wind disturbance is prevented. The working method of the outdoor solar quick charging device based on double-shaft sun tracking is characterized by comprising the following steps of: After the master control singlechip is started, firstly, acquiring accurate longitude and latitude coordinates and world standard time from a GPS module, reading data of an inertial measurement unit, calibrating the horizontal state of a device base, ensuring accurate reference of subsequent angle calculation, and resetting a steering engine to a safe initial position; The outdoor solar quick charging device performs initial positioning by calling a built-in solar position calculation algorithm by a main control singlechip, calculating a theoretical azimuth angle and an altitude