CN-121980423-A - Terrain adaptability assessment method and system based on DEM and multisource constraint

CN121980423ACN 121980423 ACN121980423 ACN 121980423ACN-121980423-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a terrain adaptability assessment method and system based on DEM and multisource constraint. The method comprises the steps of firstly collecting original digital elevation model data of a target area, obtaining a standardized DEM through pretreatment, extracting multidimensional terrain feature parameters such as gradient, slope direction, curvature, waviness, roughness, visibility and the like, constructing a multisource constraint system integrating terrain features and environmental factors according to different application scene requirements, determining each constraint weight by using a analytic hierarchy process, obtaining a comprehensive grade of terrain adaptability after carrying out normalization treatment and calculation of an adaptability score and weighting fusion on the parameters, and finally dividing the area into high, medium and low adaptability grades according to a preset threshold value to realize scientific and objective quantitative grading evaluation. The method solves the problems of single index, strong subjectivity and difficult quantification of the traditional method.

Inventors

QIN LONG
GONG HAIYAN
ZHANG LIN
XIAO YAO
MA YU
ZHANG HAIOU
MA JING
PAN DERUN
LIU YOUGUO
LIU PEIFENG

Assignees

西安华朗钧谊数字智能科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260205

Claims (10)

1. A terrain adaptability assessment method based on DEM and multisource constraints, the assessment method comprising: collecting original digital elevation model data of a target area, preprocessing the original digital elevation model data to obtain standardized digital elevation model data, and extracting a plurality of topographic feature parameters in the standardized digital elevation model data; constructing a multi-source constraint condition according to different requirements of different application scenes, and calculating weights of the multi-source constraint condition by using a analytic hierarchy process; Calculating an adaptability score of each terrain characteristic parameter, and carrying out weighted summation on the adaptability score and the weight to calculate a terrain adaptability comprehensive score of the target area; and presetting a terrain threshold value, and grading and evaluating the target area by comparing the terrain adaptability comprehensive score with the terrain threshold value.
2. The method for evaluating the terrain adaptability based on the DEM and the multisource constraints according to claim 1, wherein the step of collecting the original digital elevation model data of the target area, and the step of preprocessing the original digital elevation model data to obtain standardized digital elevation model data includes the steps of: Collecting the original digital elevation model data of the target area from a satellite remote sensing image, a topographic map and a geographic information system; And carrying out data cleaning, coordinate conversion, resolution unification and missing value processing on the original digital elevation model data to obtain the standardized digital elevation model data.
3. A method of assessing the suitability of terrain based on DEM and multisource constraints as claimed in claim 1, wherein said extracting a plurality of terrain feature parameters from said normalized digital elevation model data includes: Calculating the gradient, the slope direction and the section curvature of each grid unit in the standardized digital elevation model data; Calculating the topographic relief and the topographic roughness of the target area in a local analysis window centered on the current grid unit using the normalized digital elevation model data; and calculating the topographic visibility of each grid unit by using a vision analysis algorithm, and according to different topographic visibility corresponding visibility index layers.
4. A method of assessing the suitability of terrain based on DEM and multisource constraints as claimed in claim 3, wherein the slope calculation formula is: Wherein, the The gradient of the gradient is indicated, And Representing the partial derivatives of elevation z in the east-west direction (x-axis) and in the north-south direction (y-axis), respectively; the calculation formula of the slope direction is as follows: Wherein, the Indicating the slope direction and the north is ; The calculation formula of the section curvature is as follows: Wherein, the Representing the curvature of the cross-section in question, And A second partial derivative representing the elevation; The calculation formula of the relief degree is as follows: Wherein, the Representing the relief of the topography in question, Representing the first within the local analysis window Elevation values of the grid units; the calculation formula of the terrain roughness is as follows: Wherein, the Representing the roughness of the terrain in question, Representing the total number of grid cells within the local analysis window, Representing the elevation mean within the local analysis window.
5. A method of assessing the suitability of a terrain based on DEM and multisource constraints as claimed in claim 1 wherein said constructing multisource constraints includes constructing terrain feature constraints and environmental constraints.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the terrain feature constraints include at least slope constraints, curvature constraints, terrain relief constraints, terrain roughness constraints, and terrain visibility constraints; the environmental constraints include at least climate constraints, vegetation coverage constraints, road network constraints, water source distribution constraints, and obstacle distribution constraints.
7. A method of assessing the suitability of a terrain based on DEM and multisource constraints as claimed in claim 1, wherein said calculating weights for said multisource constraints using analytic hierarchy process comprises: constructing a judgment matrix to determine the relative importance between the multi-source constraint conditions; calculating the eigenvalue and eigenvector of the judgment matrix; consistency test is carried out on the judgment matrix to ensure the rationality of the judgment matrix; And calculating the weight of the multi-source constraint condition according to the characteristic value and the characteristic vector.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to said computing the fitness score for each of said topographical parameters, normalizing a plurality of said topographical parameters to within a [0,1] interval; The calculation formula for calculating the terrain adaptability comprehensive score of the target area is as follows: Wherein, the Representing the terrain adaptation composite score, Represent the first The weights of the individual constraints are such that, Represent the first The fitness scores for each of the constraints.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of comparing the terrain adaptability integrated score with the terrain threshold for the target area by the preset terrain threshold comprises: presetting the upper limit value of the terrain threshold value to be 0.7, and presetting the lower limit value of the terrain threshold value to be 0.4; When the comprehensive score of the terrain adaptability is more than 0.7, judging the target area to be a high-adaptability area; when the terrain adaptability comprehensive score is less than or equal to 0.4 and less than or equal to 0.7, judging the target area as a middle adaptability area; and when the comprehensive score of the terrain adaptability is less than or equal to 0.4, judging the target area to be a low-adaptability area.
10. A DEM and multisource constraint based terrain adaptation assessment system, wherein the assessment system applies the assessment method of any of claims 1 to 9, the assessment system comprising: The data acquisition and feature extraction unit is used for acquiring the original digital elevation model data of the target area, preprocessing the original digital elevation model data to obtain the standardized digital elevation model data, and extracting a plurality of topographic feature parameters in the standardized digital elevation model data; The multi-source constraint construction and weight calculation unit is connected with the data acquisition and feature extraction unit and is used for constructing the multi-source constraint condition and calculating the weight of the multi-source constraint condition by using the analytic hierarchy process; The terrain adaptability comprehensive score calculating unit is connected with the multi-source constraint construction and weight calculating unit and is used for calculating the adaptability score of each terrain characteristic parameter and carrying out weighted summation on a plurality of the adaptability scores and the weights to calculate the terrain adaptability comprehensive score of the target area; the comprehensive evaluation unit is connected with the terrain adaptability comprehensive score calculation unit and is used for presetting the terrain threshold value and carrying out grading evaluation on the target area by comparing the terrain adaptability comprehensive score with the terrain threshold value.

Description

Terrain adaptability assessment method and system based on DEM and multisource constraint Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of terrain analysis, in particular to a terrain adaptability assessment method and system based on DEM and multisource constraint. Background Terrain adaptability analysis is an important basis for regional planning and engineering site selection decisions, and has key effects on feasibility, safety and cost effectiveness of project implementation. The traditional analysis method mainly depends on expert experience and qualitative description, has the problems of strong subjectivity, single index and difficult quantification, and cannot meet the requirements of modern scientific decisions on objectivity and accuracy. With the progress of a geographic information system and a remote sensing technology, although the data processing precision and efficiency are improved, the comprehensive fusion of multi-source information is still difficult, deep excavation of comprehensive influences on the multi-scale features and areas of the terrain is also lacking, and comprehensive evaluation of multi-dimensional elements related to traffic conditions, construction difficulty, visual field range and the like cannot be effectively supported. In the prior art, a single terrain index is usually adopted for evaluation, such as only slope or elevation is considered, and interaction among terrain elements and diversified constraints under different application scenes are ignored. The evaluation process is strong in subjectivity, lacks objective and unified quantization standards, does not establish a reasonable multi-factor weight distribution mechanism, and is difficult to balance the importance of different evaluation elements. In addition, the existing method is limited to single-scale analysis, and is insufficient in multi-source information fusion, so that an evaluation result is on one side, and comprehensive decision making under a complex scene is difficult to directly support. Therefore, development of an adaptive evaluation method capable of integrating the topographic features and the application requirements and realizing quantitative, objective and comprehensive evaluation is needed. Disclosure of Invention The invention mainly aims to provide a terrain adaptability assessment method and system based on DEM and multisource constraint, which at least solve the problems of single terrain adaptability assessment index, strong subjectivity and difficult quantification in the prior art, and realize scientific, objective and comprehensive assessment of terrain. In order to achieve the above purpose, a terrain adaptability assessment method and system based on DEM and multi-source constraint are provided. In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for assessing terrain adaptability based on DEM and multisource constraints, the method comprising: Collecting original digital elevation model data of a target area, preprocessing the original digital elevation model data to obtain standardized digital elevation model data, and extracting a plurality of topographic feature parameters in the standardized digital elevation model data; Constructing a multi-source constraint condition according to different requirements of different application scenes, and calculating the weight of the multi-source constraint condition by using a analytic hierarchy process; calculating the adaptability score of each terrain characteristic parameter, and carrying out weighted summation on a plurality of adaptability scores and weights to calculate the terrain adaptability comprehensive score of the target area; And presetting a terrain threshold value, and carrying out grading evaluation on the target area by comparing the terrain adaptability comprehensive score with the terrain threshold value. Specifically, collecting original digital elevation model data of a target area, preprocessing the original digital elevation model data to obtain standardized digital elevation model data, and comprising the following steps: acquiring original digital elevation model data of a target area from a satellite remote sensing image, a topographic map and a geographic information system; And performing data cleaning, coordinate conversion, resolution unification and missing value processing on the original digital elevation model data to obtain standardized digital elevation model data. Specifically, extracting a plurality of topographic feature parameters in the standardized digital elevation model data includes: Calculating the gradient, the slope direction and the section curvature of each grid unit in the standardized digital elevation model data; calculating the relief degree and the roughness of the terrain of the target area by using the standardized digital elevation model data in a local analysis window taking the current grid unit as the center; and calculating the topographic visibility