CN-121981484-A - Configuration method of carbon reduction technology in electric power system

CN121981484ACN 121981484 ACN121981484 ACN 121981484ACN-121981484-A

Abstract

The invention provides a configuration method of a carbon reduction technology in an electric power system. Relates to the technical field of low-carbon power system planning. The method comprises the steps of taking cost minimization of a configuration carbon reduction technology as an optimization target, taking a mode of modifying flexibility of a thermal power generating unit, the number of expansion of a wind turbine generator and the scale of additionally arranging a hydrogen energy storage system and carbon capture, storage and utilization equipment as decision variables, taking technical constraint of the carbon reduction technology as constraint conditions, constructing a system-level planning model of a target power system, and solving the system-level planning model to obtain optimal configuration parameters for minimizing the cost. The method breaks through the limitation of isolated configuration of each carbon reduction technology in the traditional planning, realizes dynamic adaptation of hydrogen energy storage scale, thermal power flexibility transformation mode, wind power expansion rhythm and carbon capture, storage and utilization equipment configuration, and realizes balance of economic cost and operation flexibility of the power system under the constraint of carbon emission reduction hardness.

Inventors

WU XIONG
ZHU ZUOFU
HAO YINAN
ZHANG YU
YU ZUWANG
HUANG SHENGJIN

Assignees

西安交通大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260129

Claims (10)

1. A method for configuring a carbon reduction technique in an electric power system, comprising: The cost minimization of configuring the carbon reduction technology in the target power system is taken as an optimization target, the configuration parameter of the carbon reduction technology is taken as a decision variable, the technical constraint of the carbon reduction technology is taken as a constraint condition, a system-level planning model of the target power system is constructed, wherein, The configuration parameters comprise a mode of modifying the flexibility of the thermal power unit in the target power system, the number of expansion of the wind turbine generator set in the target power system, and the scale of adding a hydrogen energy storage system and carbon capture, sealing and utilization equipment in the target power system; the cost comprises a wind discarding and load shedding cost and a carbon transaction cost, wherein the wind discarding and load shedding cost is inversely related to the flexibility level of the thermal power unit, and the carbon transaction cost is related to the net discharge amount of carbon dioxide generated by the thermal power unit after carbon dioxide is captured and stored by utilizing equipment; and solving the system-level planning model to obtain optimal configuration parameters for minimizing the cost.
2. The method for configuring the carbon reduction technology in the electric power system according to claim 1, wherein the carbon reduction technology comprises the steps of modifying flexibility of a thermal power unit in a target electric power system, expanding a wind power unit in the target electric power system, and adding a hydrogen energy storage system and carbon capture, storage and utilization equipment in the target electric power system; the construction of the system-level planning model of the target power system specifically comprises the following steps: Minimizing costs to configure carbon reduction technology in a target power system, including investment costs and operating costs, as an optimization objective: ; Wherein, the Represents the annual investment costs for deploying carbon reduction technology in a target power system, Represents the investment cost for the flexible reconstruction of the thermal power generating unit in the target power system, Represents the investment cost of configuring carbon capture sequestration and utilization equipment in a target power system, Representing the investment costs for configuring a hydrogen storage system in a target power system, Representing investment costs for performing wind turbine expansion in a target power system; representing the annual operating costs of the target power system after configuring the carbon reduction technology, Represents the running cost of the thermal power generating unit, The start/stop cost of the wind turbine generator is represented, Represents the cost of wind abandoning and load shedding, Representing carbon trade costs; represents a capital recovery factor, dr represents a discount rate, and y represents a plant lifetime; The technical constraint of the carbon reduction technology, the wind power uncertainty of the target power system, the power balance of the target power system and the carbon emission reduction limit are taken as constraint conditions of a system level planning model, wherein, Technical constraints of carbon capture and sequestration and utilization include CO 2 capture and sequestration energy consumption constraints, CO 2 storage device capacity constraints, and CO 2 transport pipeline constraints; The expansion technical constraint of the wind turbine generator comprises a wind abandoning range constraint; technical constraints for the flexibility transformation of the thermal power generating unit also include climbing capability under different transformation modes.
3. The method for configuring a carbon reduction technique in an electrical power system according to claim 2, wherein solving the system-level planning model specifically comprises: Converting the system-level planning model into a two-stage scene-oriented distributed robust optimization model: ; Wherein, the Directing a target item of a first stage in a distributed robust optimization model for a two-stage scenario, the first stage being used to determine investment decisions for each carbon reduction technology configuration scale that minimizes a total cost of carbon reduction technology investment; investment decision variables representing a first stage; A feasible region representing investment decision variables; representing investment cost coefficients, and superscript T represents transposition; Directing a target item of a second stage in the distributed robust optimization model for a two-stage scene, wherein the second stage is used for determining an operation strategy which minimizes the operation cost corresponding to a typical operation scene under a given investment decision and the typical operation scene; Representing the total number of clustering results obtained after clustering the historical operation data of the target power system, wherein each clustering result represents a typical operation scene of the target power system; representing the probability of a typical running scene s; An uncertainty feasible domain representing scene probability, representing a probability fluctuation range of each typical operation scene; An operational decision variable representing a second phase; Representing variables determined by investment And actual probability of a typical running scene s Performing constrained operation decision feasible domains; Representing an operation cost coefficient, and superscript T represents transposition; Solving the two-stage scene guide distributed robust optimization model through a fuzzy column and constraint generation algorithm, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: Disassembling the two-stage scene-oriented distributed robust optimization model into a main problem and a sub problem, wherein the main problem corresponds to a first stage and the sub problem corresponds to a second stage; the main problem and the sub problem are interacted in an iterative way, namely, a carbon reduction technology investment decision is output by the main problem, the sub problem verifies the corresponding operation cost based on the carbon reduction technology investment decision, and the operation cost of the worst typical operation scene is fed back to the main problem; and gradually optimizing investment and operation schemes through iterative interaction of the main problems and the sub problems to obtain optimal capacity configuration and operation strategies for configuring each carbon reduction technology in the target power system.
4. The method for configuring carbon reduction technology in an electric power system according to claim 2, wherein the annual investment cost specifically includes: investment cost for modifying flexibility of thermal power unit in target power system : ; ; ; ; Wherein, the 、 And The unit cost of minimum technical output, climbing rate and climbing rate improvement is respectively represented; 、 And Respectively representing the lifting quantity of the minimum technical output, the lifting quantity of the climbing rate and the lifting quantity of the climbing rate of the thermal power unit i; 、 And Binary decision variables respectively representing no modification, conventional technology modification and oxyfuel combustion modification to the thermal power unit i are respectively represented by Constraint is carried out; 、 And Respectively representing the minimum technical output corresponding to the conventional technical transformation and the oxyfuel combustion transformation which are not implemented on the thermal power unit i; representing the minimum technical output after decision-making; And Binary decision variables respectively representing no climbing improvement and no climbing improvement on the thermal power generating unit i are respectively represented by Constraint is carried out; And Respectively representing climbing capacity corresponding to climbing improvement and climbing improvement not implemented on the thermal power unit i; representing the downslope ability after decision-making; And Respectively representing climbing capacity corresponding to climbing improvement and climbing improvement not implemented on the thermal power unit i; representing the climbing capacity after decision-making; investment costs for configuring a hydrogen storage system in a target power system : ; Wherein, the Representing a cost per unit capacity of the hydrogen storage system; Representing the maximum capacity of the hydrogen storage system e; Investment cost for wind turbine generator expansion in target power system : ; Wherein, the The cost of a single wind turbine generator is represented; Representing the number of newly added wind turbines; investment cost for configuring carbon capture sequestration and utilization equipment in a target power system : ; Wherein, the Representing the unit cost of the thermal power generating unit for configuring the carbon dioxide capture device; representing the rated capacity of the thermal power unit i; Representing the capture rate of the carbon dioxide capture device to the carbon dioxide discharged by the thermal power generating unit i; Representing a non-linear function of carbon dioxide capture rate and cost.
5. The method for configuring carbon reduction technology in an electric power system according to claim 2, wherein the annual operating cost specifically includes: Running cost of thermal power generating unit : ; Wherein, the Representing the actual technical output of the thermal power unit i at the time t; Representing an operation cost function of the thermal power generating unit i; representing all thermal power generating unit sets; , representing a total number of time steps; Start/stop cost of thermal power generating unit : ; Wherein, the The unit starting cost of the thermal power unit i is represented; a binary variable representing the running state of the thermal power generating unit, wherein 1 represents starting and 0 represents non-starting; Representing the unit shutdown cost of the thermal power unit i; Binary variable representing shutdown of thermal power generating unit, wherein 1 represents shutdown and 0 represents non-shutdown; Cost of wind disposal and load shedding : ; Wherein, the Representing unit wind abandoning punishment cost; representing wind turbine generator At the moment of time Is used for removing wind power; Representing unit load shedding penalty cost; representing load nodes At the moment of time Is a cut load amount; representing all wind turbine generator sets; Representing a set of all load nodes within the target power system; Cost of carbon trade : ; Wherein, the Representing a unit CO 2 trade price; The CO 2 emission quantity of the thermal power unit i at the time t is represented; And the carbon quota coefficient corresponding to the unit output of the thermal power unit i is represented.
6. The method for configuring a carbon reduction technology in an electric power system according to claim 2, wherein the wind power uncertainty of the target electric power system is obtained by allocating a scene probability fluctuation range to a typical operation scene of the target electric power system through a norm constraint, and specifically comprises: clustering historical operation data of a target power system to obtain a plurality of clustering results, wherein each clustering result represents a typical operation scene of the target power system; scene probability fluctuation ranges are allocated to each typical operation scene through norm constraint: ; Wherein, the An uncertainty feasible domain representing scene probability, representing a probability fluctuation range of each typical operation scene; the probability representing the typical operation scene s is determined according to the weight in the clustering result; N s represents the total number of typical operation scenes; The initial probability of the typical operation scene S is represented and is obtained by statistics of historical operation data of the target power system, theta 1 and theta ∞ respectively represent probability deviations allowed by 1-norm and infinity-norm, S represents the historical operation data sample size of the target power system, and alpha 1 and alpha ∞ respectively represent confidence levels corresponding to the 1-norm and the infinity-norm.
7. The method for configuring carbon reduction technology in an electric power system according to claim 4, wherein the technical constraint of the thermal power generating unit for flexible modification specifically comprises: Minimum technical output constraint of thermal power generating units in different transformation modes: ; ; Wherein, the 、 And Binary variables respectively representing the running state, the starting-up state and the stopping state of the thermal power generating unit i at the time t, A binary variable representing the running state of the thermal power generating unit i at the time t-1; representing the minimum technical output after the decision, , 、 And Binary decision variables respectively representing no modification, conventional technology modification and oxyfuel combustion modification to the thermal power unit i are respectively represented by Constraint is carried out; Representing the actual output of the thermal power unit i at the time t; The rated output of the thermal power unit i is represented; technical constraints of thermal power generating unit flexibility transformation also include climbing ability under different transformation modes: ; ; Wherein, the The downslope capacity of the thermal power generating unit i after decision-making is represented, , And Binary decision variables respectively representing no climbing improvement and no climbing improvement on the thermal power generating unit i are respectively represented by Constraint is carried out; And Respectively representing climbing capacity corresponding to climbing improvement and climbing improvement not implemented on the thermal power unit i; Indicating the climbing capacity after the decision, , And Respectively representing climbing capacity corresponding to climbing improvement and climbing improvement not implemented on the thermal power unit i; Indicating the moment of the thermal power unit i Is a function of the actual force output of the motor; The starting time of the thermal power unit i at the time t is represented; representing the minimum start-up time of the thermal power unit i; Representing the downtime of the thermal power unit i at the time t-1; Representing the minimum downtime of thermal power plant i.
8. The method for configuring carbon reduction technology in an electrical power system according to claim 1, wherein the technical constraints of the hydrogen storage system specifically include: Hydrogen cell power constraint: ; ; ; ; Wherein, the Indicating the rated operating power of the hydrogen electrolyzer; Indicating the power consumption of the electro-hydrogen conversion of the hydrogen electrolyzer n at time t; 、 And Binary variables representing the underload, normal and off conditions of the hydrogen electrolyzer n at time t, respectively, by And The restraint is carried out and the restraint is carried out, And Binary variables respectively representing the operating state of the hydrogen electrolyzer n at the time t and the time t-1; the overload binary variable of the hydrogen electrolyzer n at the time t is taken as 1 to indicate that the hydrogen electrolyzer is allowed to be in any underload/normal/overload running state, and is taken as0 to indicate non-overload running; And The hydrogen output and the hydrogen utilization of the hydrogen electrolyzer n at the time t are respectively shown; And Respectively representing the electric-hydrogen conversion efficiency coefficient and the hydrogen-electric conversion efficiency coefficient of the hydrogen electrolysis cell; Indicating the power consumption of the hydrogen-electricity conversion of the hydrogen electrolyzer n at time t; Representing the minimum power supplied by the hydrogen electrolyzer n; Represents the maximum power provided by the hydrogen electrolyzer n; Hydrogen storage capacity constraint: ; ; Wherein, the And The gas storage amounts of the hydrogen storage tank n at the time t and the time t-1 are respectively shown; Indicating the hydrogen storage efficiency of the hydrogen storage tank; Respectively representing the aeration quantity and the aeration quantity of the hydrogen storage tank n at the time t; representing the tank storage upper and lower limits, respectively.
9. The method for configuring carbon reduction technology in an electric power system according to claim 2, wherein the technical constraints of carbon capture, sequestration and utilization specifically include: CO 2 trapping and sealing energy consumption constraint: ; ; ; Wherein, the Thermal power generating unit for representing configuration of carbon dioxide capturing device in target power system The actual net power at time t; Representing thermal power units Total emitted power at time t; Representing thermal power units The power consumed by the corresponding carbon dioxide capture device at time t; Representing thermal power units Variable energy consumption of the corresponding carbon dioxide capturing device when running at the moment t; Representing thermal power units The corresponding carbon dioxide capture device operates a binary decision variable at time t, 1 Represents that the carbon dioxide capturing device operates, and 0 represents that the carbon dioxide capturing device is stopped; Indicating machine set The fixed energy consumption of the corresponding carbon dioxide capturing device during operation; representing a variable energy consumption proportionality coefficient of carbon dioxide; Representing thermal power units The carbon dioxide capturing amount of the corresponding carbon dioxide capturing device at the time t; CO 2 storage capacity constraint: ; ; ; Wherein, the Representing thermal power units The volume of carbon dioxide to be stored at the moment t of the corresponding carbon dioxide capturing device; represents the density of the carbon dioxide absorbent; And Respectively represent thermal power generating units The corresponding carbon dioxide capturing device is at the moment And time of day A carbon dioxide remaining receivable volume of (c); And Respectively represent thermal power generating units The corresponding carbon dioxide capturing device is at the moment And time of day Is a stored carbon dioxide volume; Represents the maximum storage capacity of carbon dioxide; CO 2 transport pipeline constraint: ; ; ; ; Wherein, the Representing pipe nodes At the moment of time Carbon dioxide injection gas flow rate; representing slave pipe nodes To pipe nodes At the time of Is a gas flow rate of (2); representing a set of all pipes and pipe nodes; Representing pipe nodes At the moment of time Carbon dioxide effluent gas flow rate; Representing pipe nodes At the moment of time Carbon dioxide effluent gas flow rate; Representing pipe nodes Is provided for the maximum outflow gas flow rate; Representing pipe nodes With pipeline node The flow coefficient of the pipeline between the two pipes; And Representing pipeline nodes respectively And pipeline node At the time of Is a pressure of (1); Representing pipe nodes Is a minimum pressure of (2); Representing pipe nodes Is set at the maximum pressure of (2).
10. The method for configuring a carbon reduction technology in an electric power system according to claim 2, wherein the power balance of the target electric power system specifically includes: ; ; Wherein, the Representing thermal power units And node The value 1 represents the power-related binary variable of the thermal power generating unit And node Power supply, 0 indicates no direct power supply relationship; Representing thermal power units At the moment of time Is the actual internet power of (a); Representing thermal power units At the moment of time Is set, the total emitted power of (a); Representing thermal power units Is fixed, the basic energy consumption is fixed; Representing thermal power units Variable energy consumption of the operation of (a); representing wind turbine generator And node A power-related binary variable of (2); representing wind turbine generator At the moment of time Is a theoretical force; representing wind turbine generator At the moment of time Is provided with the air discarding quantity; Representing a hydrogen storage system And node A power-related binary variable of (2); Representing a hydrogen storage system At the moment of time Is set in the above range; Representing a hydrogen storage system At the moment of time Is set to the charging power of (a); representing a time step; representing a transmission line And node A power-related binary variable of (2); representing a transmission line At the moment of time Is used for the actual transmission power of the mobile station; representing load nodes At the moment of time Is required for the total load demand of (2); representing load nodes At the moment of time Is a tangential load of (a) a (b).

Description

Configuration method of carbon reduction technology in electric power system Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of low-carbon power system planning, in particular to a configuration method of a carbon reduction technology in a power system. Background Although the thermal power generating unit still has the main roles of guaranteeing the safe and stable operation of the power system and providing reliable and flexible adjustment capability at present, under the dual-carbon background, the dual requirements of deep peak regulation and low-carbon operation are difficult to be met by purely relying on the self-transformation of thermal power. Therefore, grid connection by introducing low-carbon technologies such as wind power, hydrogen energy storage and the like becomes a necessary choice for optimizing an energy structure, however, the randomness and the volatility of large-scale grid connection are easy to cause system power unbalance, so that how to scientifically configure and plan the capacity of the technologies is a key place for ensuring the achievement of a carbon reduction target, controlling the comprehensive cost and providing decision basis for energy transformation. The existing configuration planning method for grid connection of multiple low-carbon technologies mainly adopts a distributed planning and independent scheduling operation mode, wherein each low-carbon technology is regarded as an isolated unit to be respectively planned and scheduled, each low-carbon technology is regarded as a parallel competition main body independent of the outside of the thermal power unit, so that material flows among the technologies are mutually split, closed-loop optimal configuration of system resources cannot be realized, the system is forced to maintain high redundancy to ensure reliability, obvious investment redundancy and operation resource waste are caused, and the economical efficiency and feasibility of low-carbon transformation of the power system are restricted. Disclosure of Invention In view of the foregoing, it is desirable to provide a method for configuring a carbon reduction technology in an electric power system. The technical scheme adopted in the specification is as follows: the specification provides a configuration method of a carbon reduction technology in an electric power system, which comprises the following steps: The cost minimization of configuring the carbon reduction technology in the target power system is taken as an optimization target, the configuration parameter of the carbon reduction technology is taken as a decision variable, the technical constraint of the carbon reduction technology is taken as a constraint condition, a system-level planning model of the target power system is constructed, wherein, The configuration parameters comprise a mode of modifying the flexibility of the thermal power unit in the target power system, the number of expansion of the wind turbine generator set in the target power system, and the scale of adding a hydrogen energy storage system and carbon capture, sealing and utilization equipment in the target power system; the cost comprises a wind discarding and load shedding cost and a carbon transaction cost, wherein the wind discarding and load shedding cost is inversely related to the flexibility level of the thermal power unit, and the carbon transaction cost is related to the net discharge amount of carbon dioxide generated by the thermal power unit after carbon dioxide is captured and stored by utilizing equipment; and solving the system-level planning model to obtain optimal configuration parameters for minimizing the cost. Further, the carbon reduction technology comprises the steps of modifying the flexibility of a thermal power unit in a target power system, expanding a wind turbine in the target power system, and additionally arranging a hydrogen energy storage system and carbon capture, storage and utilization equipment in the target power system; the construction of the system-level planning model of the target power system specifically comprises the following steps: Minimizing costs to configure carbon reduction technology in a target power system, including investment costs and operating costs, as an optimization objective: Wherein, the Represents the annual investment costs for deploying carbon reduction technology in a target power system,Represents the investment cost for the flexible reconstruction of the thermal power generating unit in the target power system,Represents the investment cost of configuring carbon capture sequestration and utilization equipment in a target power system,Representing the investment costs for configuring a hydrogen storage system in a target power system,Representing investment costs for performing wind turbine expansion in a target power system; representing the annual operating costs of the target power system after configuring the carbon reduction technology, Repres