CN-121981547-A - BIM existing building potential safety hazard detection and analysis method and system

CN121981547ACN 121981547 ACN121981547 ACN 121981547ACN-121981547-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a system for detecting and analyzing hidden danger of existing building by BIM, which relate to the technical field of building engineering and are used for solving the problems of long response period, data lag, incomplete assessment and strong subjective dependence of hidden danger detection by adopting manual inspection and periodic static detection in the prior art, and combining dynamic stress variation trend and fluctuation degree, apparent damage characteristics of components and structural risk index core parameters, constructing an accurate quantitative potential safety hazard assessment system, realizing full-period, multidimensional assessment and hierarchical early warning of the state of the existing building structure, remarkably improving the accuracy of structural risk identification and the real-time of response, effectively reducing the risk of structural omission and misjudgment, and guaranteeing the structural safety in the long-term operation process of the building.

Inventors

ZHU LIANG
SONG LIJIA
SHI YUZHOU
WU JUNJIAN
JI SHUNLI

Assignees

江苏航运职业技术学院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260126

Claims (10)

1. A method for detecting and analyzing potential safety hazards of existing buildings of BIM is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, scanning a target building integral structure, identifying a plurality of unit components, setting acquisition points and deploying a plurality of groups of sensors on each unit component, and synchronously binding the acquisition point ID numbers set on each unit component with the corresponding unit component ID numbers; S2, after synchronous binding is completed, corresponding matching analysis is carried out on potential safety hazard detection periods of the target building in the actual use process according to evaluation feedback conditions of users in the history use process of the target building; s3, analyzing the stress variation trend and the stress fluctuation degree of each unit component at each acquisition time point in unit service time according to the detection period matched in the previous stage, comprehensively judging the stress damage degree of the target building, and sending out a potential safety hazard analysis instruction; s4, after a potential safety hazard analysis instruction is received, constructing a damage characteristic parameter set of the target building by collecting leakage apparent images of each unit component, and analyzing the potential safety hazard risk degree of the target building by combining the stress damage degree of the target building; S5, judging whether the potential safety hazard risk exists in the current target building according to the potential safety hazard risk degree of the target building, generating a potential safety hazard early warning signal of a corresponding grade, and pushing through a display terminal in the BIM modeling platform.
2. The method for detecting and analyzing the potential safety hazard of the existing building by using the BIM according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1 comprises the following specific steps: s11, in a three-dimensional geometric model construction stage of a target building, scanning the whole structure of the target building through a laser scanner, acquiring three-dimensional point cloud data of the target building by combining an in-situ mapping result inside the target building, and introducing the three-dimensional point cloud data into a BIM modeling platform after data cleaning and boundary extraction to construct a three-dimensional geometric model of the target building; Matching the three-dimensional geometric model of the target building with a standard component resource library stored in a BIM modeling platform, identifying the component composition of the target building, obtaining a plurality of unit components, and recording component characteristic data information of each unit component in the target building; Wherein the component characteristic data information includes the size and ID number of the corresponding unit component.
3. The method for detecting and analyzing the potential safety hazard of the existing building by using the BIM according to claim 2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: S1, the specific steps further comprise: S12, taking the key positions corresponding to the unit components in the target building as acquisition points, obtaining the acquisition points of the unit components, recording the ID numbers of the corresponding acquisition points, disposing a plurality of groups of sensor equipment at the acquisition points of the unit components in the target building, and synchronously binding the ID numbers of the acquisition points of the unit components with the ID numbers of the corresponding unit components in the three-dimensional geometric model; The key positions comprise a member connection position, a member stress position and a member end position, each unit member is selected to be a single key position as an acquisition point, and the plurality of groups of sensor equipment comprise strain gauges and camera modules.
4. The method for detecting and analyzing the potential safety hazard of the existing building by using the BIM according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: S2, the specific steps include: S21, after synchronous binding is completed, recording the history unit use time length of a target building according to the history use process of the target building, uniformly dividing the history unit use time length into a plurality of history use time periods, recording the building quality scores and the building safety scores of personnel in each history use time period according to the evaluation feedback conditions of the personnel in the target building in each history use time period, and obtaining the use evaluation value of the target building in the history unit use time length by combining a statistical mean value calculation algorithm; Comparing and analyzing the use evaluation value of the target building in the use time length of the historical unit with a preset use evaluation and a preset grid value, if the use evaluation value of the target building in the use time length of the historical unit exceeds the use evaluation and the preset grid value, generating an evaluation high-class signal, otherwise, generating signals such as an evaluation difference; S22, when an evaluation superior signal is generated, matching the potential safety hazard detection period of the target building in the actual use process into a long detection period; When signals such as evaluation difference and the like are generated, the potential safety hazard detection period of the target building in the actual use process is matched into a short detection period.
5. The method for detecting and analyzing the potential safety hazard of the existing building by using the BIM according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: S3, the specific steps include: S31, carrying out change trend analysis on stress parameters of each unit component in unit service time at each acquisition time point, and determining stress change trend values of each unit component in the unit service time, wherein the specific analysis process comprises the following steps: S311, recording a corresponding detection period of potential safety hazard matching of the target building in the actual use process as unit use time of the target building, and acquiring stress values of each unit component in each acquisition time point in the unit use time in real time through strain gauges deployed at acquisition points of each unit component in the target building; S312, based on stress values of each unit component at each acquisition time point in unit use time, taking time as an abscissa, taking stress values corresponding to the acquisition time points as an ordinate, establishing stress coordinate systems of each unit component and stress fold lines of corresponding unit components in unit use time according to the stress values, counting the number of inflection points of the corresponding unit components on the stress coordinate systems of each unit component in unit use time, recording the number of inflection points of the corresponding unit component as nd, obtaining the total number of nd unit fold line segments of the corresponding unit component, calculating slope values formed between each unit fold line segment in the corresponding unit component and the transverse axis of the coordinate system, recording the slope values as stress variation unit values of each unit fold line segment in the corresponding unit component, and combining a statistical averaging algorithm to obtain stress variation trend values of the corresponding unit component in unit use time; s32, analyzing the variation fluctuation degree of the stress parameter of each unit component at each acquisition time point in the unit using time, and determining the stress fluctuation degree coefficient of each unit component in the unit using time, wherein the specific analysis process comprises the following steps: S321, comparing and analyzing the stress variation unit value of each unit folded line segment in the corresponding unit component with the stress variation trend value of the corresponding unit component, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps: If the stress change unit value of the corresponding unit folding line section in the corresponding unit component exceeds the stress change trend value of the corresponding unit component, marking the corresponding unit folding line section in the corresponding unit component as a unit folding line fluctuation section, and counting the number of the unit folding line fluctuation sections in the corresponding unit component; if the stress change unit value of the corresponding unit folding line segment in the corresponding unit component does not exceed the stress change trend value of the corresponding unit component, marking the corresponding unit folding line segment in the corresponding unit component as a unit folding line normal segment, and counting the number of the unit folding line normal segments in the corresponding unit component; and correlating the counted number of the unit broken line fluctuation segments in the corresponding unit components with the total number of the unit broken line segments in the corresponding unit components, and determining the stress fluctuation degree coefficient of the corresponding unit components after ratio calculation.
6. The method for detecting and analyzing the potential safety hazard of the existing building by using the BIM according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: S3, the specific steps further comprise: S33, respectively acquiring the stress variation trend value and the stress fluctuation degree coefficient of each unit component based on the analysis process of the stress variation trend value and the stress fluctuation degree coefficient of the corresponding unit component in S31 and S32, and constructing a stress characteristic parameter set of the target building; performing feature recognition on a stress feature parameter set of a target building, correlating the extracted stress variation trend value of each unit component with a stress fluctuation degree coefficient, analyzing the risk degree of damage of the stress variation to the target building component after dimensionless treatment, and determining a stress damage degree index of the target building, wherein the stress damage degree index specifically comprises the following steps: In the formula (I), in the formula (II), An index indicating the degree of stress damage of the target building, And Respectively representing the stress variation trend value and the stress fluctuation degree coefficient of the ith unit member, i=1, 2, 3,.., And (3) with The weight values respectively represent stress variation trend values and stress fluctuation degree coefficients, and specific numerical values are set by a user; S34, presetting a damage degree threshold of a stress damage degree coefficient of the target building, comparing and analyzing the stress damage degree coefficient of the target building with the preset damage degree threshold, if the stress damage degree coefficient exceeds the damage degree threshold, indicating that the current target building has stress damage risk, and generating a potential safety hazard analysis instruction, otherwise, generating no additional potential safety hazard analysis instruction.
7. The method for detecting and analyzing the potential safety hazard of the existing building by using the BIM according to claim 6, which is characterized in that: s4, the specific steps include: S41, constructing a damage characteristic parameter set of a target building by collecting appearance apparent images of all unit components, wherein the specific process comprises the following steps: S411, after a potential safety hazard analysis instruction is received, acquiring outward leakage apparent images of all the unit components through a camera module arranged at an acquisition point of each unit component in a target building, and respectively matching the outward leakage apparent images of all the unit components with corresponding apparent type images in preset apparent damage types to obtain apparent damage types of all the unit components; wherein the apparent damage category comprises a surface layer falling category and a structural crack category; s412, classifying the corresponding unit components according to the apparent damage types of the unit components to obtain apparent damage blocks and structural crack blocks of the unit components, extracting the areas of the damage areas in the unit components according to the apparent damage blocks of the unit components, and extracting the lengths of the cracks in the unit components according to the structural crack blocks of the unit components; S413, based on the area of each damaged area in each unit component, respectively counting the total area of the damaged areas of each unit component by combining a statistical summation algorithm, obtaining the total leakage area of each unit component according to the size in component characteristic data information of each unit component, carrying out ratio calculation on the total leakage area of each unit component and the total area of the damaged areas of the corresponding unit component, respectively obtaining the surface layer damage occupation ratio of each unit component, and simultaneously recording the number of the damaged areas of each unit component; S414, extracting the longest crack length of each unit component and recording the number of cracks of each unit component after feature recognition according to the crack length of each unit component; S415, constructing a damage characteristic parameter set of the target building according to the surface layer damage occupation ratio, the number of damaged areas, the longest crack length and the number of cracks of each unit component.
8. The method for detecting and analyzing the potential safety hazard of the existing building by using the BIM according to claim 7, which is characterized in that: S4, the specific steps further comprise: S42, correlating the damage characteristic parameter set of the target building with the stress damage degree coefficient of the target building, analyzing the potential safety hazard risk degree of the target building after dimensionless treatment, and determining the potential safety hazard degree index of the target building, wherein the potential safety hazard degree index specifically comprises the following steps: In the formula (I), in the formula (II), Indicating the safety hazard degree index of the target building, An index indicating the degree of stress damage of the target building, 、、 And Respectively representing the surface layer breakage ratio, the number of breakage areas, the longest crack length and the number of cracks of the ith unit member, i=1, 2, 3, and n, n representing the number of unit members, And (3) with All represent weight values, the specific values being set by the user.
9. The method for detecting and analyzing the potential safety hazard of the existing building by using the BIM according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s5, the specific steps include: s51, comparing and analyzing the potential safety hazard degree index of the target building with a preset potential safety hazard degree threshold, judging whether the current target building has potential safety hazard risks, generating potential safety hazard early warning signals of corresponding grades, and pushing early warning notices of corresponding color characters through a display terminal in a BIM modeling platform, wherein the specific analysis process comprises the following steps: If the potential safety hazard degree index of the target building exceeds the potential safety hazard degree threshold, the potential safety hazard risk of the current target building is indicated, a first-level potential safety hazard early warning signal is generated, and a red character early warning notice is pushed through a display terminal in the BIM modeling platform, wherein the content of the red character early warning notice is that the potential safety hazard risk exists in the current target building; If the potential safety hazard degree index of the target building does not exceed the potential safety hazard degree threshold, the fact that the current target building does not have potential safety hazard risks is indicated, a secondary potential safety hazard early warning signal is generated, and green word early warning notification is pushed through a display terminal in the BIM modeling platform, wherein the content of the green word early warning notification is that the current target building does not have potential safety hazard risks.
10. The existing building potential safety hazard detection and analysis system for the BIM is used for realizing the existing building potential safety hazard detection and analysis method for the BIM according to any one of claims 1-9, and is characterized by comprising a model construction module, a detection period matching module, a stress damage analysis module, a potential safety hazard analysis module and an early warning pushing module; the model construction module is used for scanning the whole structure of the target building, identifying a plurality of unit components, carrying out acquisition point setting and multi-group sensor deployment on each unit component, and synchronously binding the acquisition point ID numbers set by each unit component with the corresponding unit component ID numbers; The detection period matching module is used for carrying out corresponding matching analysis on the potential safety hazard detection period of the target building in the actual use process according to the evaluation feedback condition of the user in the history use process of the target building after the synchronous binding is completed; The stress damage analysis module is used for analyzing the stress variation trend and the stress fluctuation degree of each unit component at each acquisition time point in the unit service time period according to the detection period matched in the previous stage, comprehensively judging the stress damage degree of the target building, and sending out a potential safety hazard analysis instruction; The potential safety hazard analysis module is used for constructing a damage characteristic parameter set of the target building by collecting appearance apparent images of all the unit components after receiving the potential safety hazard analysis instruction, and analyzing the potential safety hazard risk degree of the target building by combining the stress damage degree of the target building; The early warning pushing module is used for judging whether the potential safety hazard risk exists in the current target building according to the potential safety hazard risk degree of the target building, generating potential safety hazard early warning signals of corresponding grades, and pushing through a display terminal in the BIM modeling platform.

Description

BIM existing building potential safety hazard detection and analysis method and system Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of constructional engineering, in particular to a method and a system for detecting and analyzing potential safety hazards of existing buildings of BIM. Background With the rapid development of urban construction, a large number of buildings gradually enter an aging period, especially existing buildings such as office buildings and residential houses, which are put into use for years, the structural safety of the existing buildings becomes an important point and difficulty in public safety management increasingly, and under the background, the existing buildings are digitally modeled, monitored in real time and intelligently analyzed by means of BIM technology, so that the existing buildings become an important development trend for improving the operation and maintenance efficiency and safety early warning capability of the buildings. Aiming at structural safety monitoring of existing buildings, the problems of long response period, data lag, incomplete assessment and strong subjective dependence generally exist in the prior art due to the fact that manual inspection and periodic static detection are often adopted, particularly in the aspect of dynamic assessment of component stress change trend and fluctuation degree, the traditional technical means are difficult to realize continuous and fine time sequence analysis, coupling relation between stress damage evolution trend and damage characterization indexes is more difficult to effectively quantify, and in addition, most of hidden danger assessment systems at present lack the capability of uniformly modeling and quantitatively assessing multidimensional monitoring data (historical use condition, personnel feedback, structural stress data and apparent damage images), so that hidden danger risk level judgment deviation is large, and hierarchical early warning information is not favorable to be accurately pushed. The current situation and the deficiency are mainly caused by the fact that the technology of the traditional structure monitoring means is updated later, a structural modeling and intelligent analysis mechanism for long-term operation data of the existing building is lacked, the data sources are various but fragmented, the stress parameters, the image identification data and the historical feedback information are difficult to be fused under a unified platform for multi-dimensional joint evaluation, the early warning mechanism is simple, the risk level is often judged according to a single index, the comprehensive trend of the health state of the structure is difficult to be reflected, and therefore, when the situation of stress concentration, crack evolution or apparent damage aggravation exists in the structure actually, early warning signals are difficult to be timely and accurately sent out, the potential safety hazards of missed detection and misjudgment are extremely easily caused, and sudden instability of the building structure is caused even under extreme conditions, and serious threat is caused to the life and property safety of personnel. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method and a system for detecting and analyzing potential safety hazards of the existing building of BIM, and solves the problems in the background art. In order to achieve the aim, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme that the existing building potential safety hazard detection and analysis method of the BIM comprises the following steps: s1, scanning a target building integral structure, identifying a plurality of unit components, setting acquisition points and deploying a plurality of groups of sensors on each unit component, and synchronously binding the acquisition point ID numbers set on each unit component with the corresponding unit component ID numbers; S2, after synchronous binding is completed, corresponding matching analysis is carried out on potential safety hazard detection periods of the target building in the actual use process according to evaluation feedback conditions of users in the history use process of the target building; s3, analyzing the stress variation trend and the stress fluctuation degree of each unit component at each acquisition time point in unit service time according to the detection period matched in the previous stage, comprehensively judging the stress damage degree of the target building, and sending out a potential safety hazard analysis instruction; s4, after a potential safety hazard analysis instruction is received, constructing a damage characteristic parameter set of the target building by collecting leakage apparent images of each unit component, and analyzing the potential safety hazard risk degree of the target building by combining the stress damage degree of the target building; S5, judging whether