CN-121983011-A - Sound absorbing device and rail vehicle

CN121983011ACN 121983011 ACN121983011 ACN 121983011ACN-121983011-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of railway vehicles, and provides a sound absorption device and a railway vehicle. In the sound absorption device, the coaming structure and the flexible film in sealing connection form a closed cavity, at least one perforation is arranged on the flexible film, the hollow tubes are in one-to-one correspondence with the perforation, one end of each hollow tube is inserted with the corresponding perforation, and the other end of each hollow tube penetrates through the sound absorption structure and extends to a spacing space between the sound absorption structure and the cavity bottom, so that a coupling resonance sound absorption system of the flexible film, the hollow tubes, the spacing space and the closed cavity is formed. The sound absorption device increases acoustic resistance and acoustic quality through the hollow tube, and combines double coupling resonance of the flexible film and the hollow tube and double coupling resonance of the hollow tube and the hollow cavity to enable resonance frequency to move towards low frequency and efficiently absorb low-frequency noise in 100-500Hz, and the two coupling resonance types cooperatively widen a sound absorption frequency band, so that the sound absorption structure is attached to the flexible film to enhance sound energy dissipation efficiency. The high-efficiency low-frequency sound absorption device can realize high-efficiency low-frequency sound absorption without increasing the volume, meets the light and thin requirements of railway vehicles, and improves the noise control effect.

Inventors

LIN PENG
WANG XINYING
Lv Cunxi
XU JIANLE
LU KAIWEN

Assignees

中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260120

Claims (10)

1. A sound absorbing device, comprising: the coaming structure is provided with an opening; The flexible film is connected to the opening in a sealing way and forms a closed cavity together with the coaming structure, one side, opposite to the opening, of the closed cavity is a cavity bottom, and at least one perforation is formed in the flexible film; The sound absorption structure is arranged in the closed cavity, one end of the sound absorption structure is attached to the flexible film, and a spacing space is formed between the other end of the sound absorption structure and the cavity bottom; The hollow pipes are in one-to-one correspondence with the perforations, two ends of each hollow pipe are open, one end of each hollow pipe is inserted into the corresponding perforation, and the other end of each hollow pipe penetrates through the sound absorption structure and extends into the interval space.
2. The sound absorbing device of claim 1 wherein the sound absorbing structure is a porous sound absorbing layer.
3. The sound absorbing device of claim 2, wherein the flexible film has a thickness of 0.01mm to 1mm; and/or the diameter of the perforation is 0.1mm-7mm, the outer diameter of the hollow tube is matched with the diameter of the perforation, and the hollow tube is connected with the flexible film; and/or the penetration rate of the flexible film is 0.1% -30%; And/or the wall thickness of the hollow tube is 0.01mm-1mm.
4. The sound absorbing device of claim 1, wherein the coaming structure comprises: A back plate; and one end of the side plate is connected with the back plate, and the other end of the side plate forms the opening so as to form the closed cavity together with the back plate and the flexible film.
5. The sound absorber of claim 4 wherein the back panel has a thickness of 0.01mm-2mm and/or the side panels have a thickness of 0.01mm-2mm.
6. The sound absorbing device of claim 4 wherein the distance between the back plate and the flexible film is 10mm-1000mm.
7. The sound absorbing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the sound absorbing device further comprises: A divider connected within the enclosed cavity and dividing the enclosed cavity into a plurality of independent enclosed subchambers; The sound absorption structures are arranged in the closed subchambers, the spacing space is formed between the sound absorption structure in each closed subchamber and the chamber bottom corresponding to the closed subchamber, and at least one hollow pipe is correspondingly arranged in each closed subchamber.
8. A rail vehicle, comprising: the sound absorbing device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The railway vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that the rail vehicle further comprises: a vehicle body; an interior roof panel disposed inside the top of the vehicle body; The inner decorative side plate is arranged on the inner side of the side part of the vehicle body and is connected with the inner decorative top plate.
10. The railway vehicle as claimed in claim 9, wherein the sound absorbing device is connected to at least one of a top inner side of the vehicle body, the interior roof panel, and the interior side panel.

Description

Sound absorbing device and rail vehicle Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of railway vehicles, in particular to a sound absorption device and a railway vehicle. Background The rail vehicles generate a lot of noise during running, wherein the middle-low frequency band noise of 100-500Hz is one of the main factors affecting the comfort of passengers in a carriage. The noise has the characteristics of longer wavelength, long propagation distance and slow attenuation, and is difficult to effectively control by a conventional sound absorption means. In the prior art, sound absorbing devices have relied primarily on porous sound absorbing materials or traditional resonant sound absorbing structures. However, these techniques have significant disadvantages in terms of sound absorption in the mid-low frequency range. The sound absorption mechanism of the porous sound absorption material mainly depends on friction dissipation of sound waves in the pores of the material, but the response capability of the porous sound absorption material to medium-low frequency sound waves is weak, and a certain sound absorption effect can be realized by generally needing a larger material thickness, so that the medium-low frequency sound absorption requirement is difficult to meet in a limited installation space of a railway vehicle. Although the conventional resonance sound absorption structure can absorb noise with specific frequency through resonance, as the resonance frequency is mainly determined by the cavity volume, the cavity volume is often required to be increased to realize the absorption of middle-low frequency noise, so that the structure is huge, and the requirements of light weight and thin type of the railway vehicle are difficult to adapt. In addition, the sound absorption frequency band of the traditional resonance structure is narrow, the complex middle-low frequency noise frequency spectrum of the railway vehicle is difficult to cover, and the overall sound absorption effect is limited. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a sound absorption device and a railway vehicle. The invention provides a sound absorption device which comprises a coaming structure, a flexible membrane, a sound absorption structure and at least one hollow tube, wherein the coaming structure is provided with an opening, the flexible membrane is connected to the opening in a sealing mode and forms a closed cavity together with the coaming structure, one side, opposite to the opening, of the closed cavity is a cavity bottom, at least one through hole is formed in the flexible membrane, the sound absorption structure is arranged in the closed cavity, one end of the sound absorption structure is attached to the flexible membrane, a spacing space is formed between the other end of the sound absorption structure and the cavity bottom, the hollow tubes are in one-to-one correspondence with the through holes, two ends of each hollow tube are open, one end of each hollow tube is inserted into the corresponding through hole, and the other end of each hollow tube penetrates through the sound absorption structure and extends into the spacing space. According to the sound absorption device provided by the invention, the sound absorption structure is a porous sound absorption layer. According to the sound absorption device, the thickness of the flexible film is 0.01-1 mm, and/or the diameter of the perforation is 0.1-7 mm, the outer diameter of the hollow tube is matched with the diameter of the perforation, the hollow tube is connected with the flexible film, and/or the penetration rate of the flexible film is 0.1-30%, and/or the thickness of the wall of the hollow tube is 0.01-1 mm. The sound absorption device comprises a backboard and a side board, wherein one end of the side board is connected with the backboard, and the other end of the side board forms the opening so as to form the closed cavity together with the backboard and the flexible film. According to the sound absorption device provided by the invention, the thickness of the back plate is 0.01-2 mm, and/or the thickness of the side plate is 0.01-2 mm. According to the sound absorption device provided by the invention, the distance between the back plate and the flexible film is 10mm-1000mm. The sound absorption device provided by the invention further comprises a partition piece, wherein the partition piece is connected into the closed cavity and divides the closed cavity into a plurality of mutually independent closed subchambers. The sound absorption structures are arranged in the closed subchambers, the spacing space is formed between the sound absorption structure in each closed subchamber and the chamber bottom corresponding to the closed subchamber, and at least one hollow pipe is correspondingly arranged in each closed subchamber. In a second aspect of the invention there is provided a railway vehicle comprising a