CN-121983180-A - Soil heavy metal pollution tracing method and system

CN121983180ACN 121983180 ACN121983180 ACN 121983180ACN-121983180-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a system for tracing heavy metal pollution of soil, belonging to the technical field of polluted soil investigation, wherein the method comprises the steps of distributing a plurality of soil sampling points in a investigation region to sample soil, obtaining a plurality of soil samples, and obtaining content data of heavy metal elements of various types in each soil sample; the method comprises the steps of screening out heavy metal elements with space aggregation based on content data of the heavy metal elements, selecting one of the heavy metal elements with space aggregation as an element to be analyzed, screening out the heavy metal elements with obvious correlation with the element to be analyzed, performing isotope tracing on the element to be analyzed, and determining the element to be analyzed and sources of the heavy metal elements with obvious correlation with the element to be analyzed. By adopting the scheme of the invention, the purpose of quantitatively determining the heavy metal pollution sources in the region can be achieved, the cost can be saved, and the isotope tracing of each heavy metal is avoided.

Inventors

JIA LIN
XIA TIANXIANG
ZHANG LINA
TAO ZHENGHUA

Assignees

北京市生态环境保护科学研究院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260213

Claims (10)

1. The method for tracing the heavy metal pollution of the soil is characterized by comprising the following steps of: Arranging a plurality of soil sampling points in a survey area to sample soil, obtaining a plurality of soil samples, and obtaining content data of various heavy metal elements in each soil sample; Screening out heavy metal elements showing space aggregation based on content data of the heavy metal elements; selecting one of heavy metal elements with space aggregation as an element to be analyzed, and screening out the heavy metal elements with obvious correlation with the element to be analyzed; And performing isotope tracing on the element to be analyzed, determining the source of the element to be analyzed, and taking the source of the element to be analyzed as a tracing result of the heavy metal element with obvious correlation with the element to be analyzed.
2. The method for tracing heavy metal pollution of soil according to claim 1, wherein the screening out the heavy metal elements exhibiting space aggregation based on the content data of the heavy metal elements comprises: Calculating the Morganella index of each kind of heavy metal element based on the content data of the heavy metal element, wherein the formula is as follows: ; wherein N is the number of soil samples; the heavy metal element for calculating the Morganella is at the first Content in individual soil samples; the heavy metal element for calculating the Morganella is at the first Content in individual soil samples; the average value of the content of the heavy metal elements in all soil samples to be calculated is calculated; Is the first in the space weight matrix Soil sample No Weights of individual soil samples; The sum of the weights; And screening out the heavy metal elements showing space aggregation based on the Morlan indexes of the heavy metal elements.
3. The method for tracing heavy metal pollution of soil according to claim 1, wherein said screening out heavy metal elements having a significant correlation with said element to be analyzed comprises: Calculating a correlation coefficient between each heavy metal element and the element to be analyzed; and screening out the heavy metal elements with obvious correlation with the elements to be analyzed through significance inspection based on the calculated correlation coefficient between each heavy metal element and the elements to be analyzed.
4. The method for tracing heavy metal pollution of soil according to claim 3, wherein said calculating a correlation coefficient between each heavy metal element and said element to be analyzed comprises: Carrying out normal inspection on content data of elements to be analyzed in each soil sample; If the data are in normal distribution, calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient between each heavy metal element and the element to be analyzed; if the data shows non-normal distribution, calculating the spearman rank correlation coefficient between each heavy metal element and the element to be analyzed.
5. The method for tracing the heavy metal pollution of the soil according to claim 1, wherein after performing isotope tracing on the element to be analyzed to determine the source thereof and taking the source of the element to be analyzed as a tracing result of the heavy metal element having a remarkable correlation with the element to be analyzed, the method further comprises: combining the spatial distribution characteristics of the soil heavy metal pollution concentration of the investigation region, comprehensively analyzing the spatial layout of different functional regions and the spatial relationship between the functional regions and potential pollution sources to obtain a spatial analysis result; coupling a source contribution result obtained by isotope tracing with a space analysis result, and quantitatively evaluating the relative contribution of different sources to the heavy metal pollution pattern of the soil on different functional areas and area scales.
6. A soil heavy metal pollution traceability system, comprising: The system comprises a heavy metal content data acquisition module, a soil sample acquisition module and a soil analysis module, wherein the heavy metal content data acquisition module is used for acquiring content data of various heavy metal elements in each soil sample, and the soil sample is obtained by arranging a plurality of soil sampling points in a survey area for soil sampling; the space aggregation heavy metal screening module is used for screening out heavy metal elements showing space aggregation based on the content data of the heavy metal elements; the system comprises a significant related heavy metal screening module, a space aggregation analysis module and a space aggregation analysis module, wherein the significant related heavy metal screening module is used for selecting one of heavy metal elements showing space aggregation as an element to be analyzed and screening out the heavy metal elements with significant related relations with the element to be analyzed; The tracing module is used for performing isotope tracing on the element to be analyzed, determining the source of the element to be analyzed, and taking the source of the element to be analyzed as a tracing result of the heavy metal element with obvious correlation with the element to be analyzed.
7. The soil heavy metal pollution traceability system according to claim 6, wherein said spatial aggregated heavy metal screening module is specifically configured to: Calculating the Morganella index of each kind of heavy metal element based on the content data of the heavy metal element, wherein the formula is as follows: ; wherein N is the number of soil samples; the heavy metal element for calculating the Morganella is at the first Content in individual soil samples; the heavy metal element for calculating the Morganella is at the first Content in individual soil samples; the average value of the content of the heavy metal elements in all soil samples to be calculated is calculated; Is the first in the space weight matrix Soil sample No Weights of individual soil samples; The sum of the weights; And screening out the heavy metal elements showing space aggregation based on the Morlan indexes of the heavy metal elements.
8. The soil heavy metal pollution traceability system according to claim 6, wherein said significantly related heavy metal screening module is specifically configured to: Calculating a correlation coefficient between each heavy metal element and the element to be analyzed; and screening out the heavy metal elements with obvious correlation with the elements to be analyzed through significance inspection based on the calculated correlation coefficient between each heavy metal element and the elements to be analyzed.
9. The system for tracing heavy metal pollution of soil according to claim 8, wherein said calculating a correlation coefficient between each heavy metal element and said element to be analyzed comprises: Carrying out normal inspection on content data of elements to be analyzed in each soil sample; If the data are in normal distribution, calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient between each heavy metal element and the element to be analyzed; if the data shows non-normal distribution, calculating the spearman rank correlation coefficient between each heavy metal element and the element to be analyzed.
10. The soil heavy metal pollution traceability system of claim 6, further comprising an integrated analysis module for: combining the spatial distribution characteristics of the soil heavy metal pollution concentration of the investigation region, comprehensively analyzing the spatial layout of different functional regions and the spatial relationship between the functional regions and potential pollution sources to obtain a spatial analysis result; coupling a source contribution result obtained by isotope tracing with a space analysis result, and quantitatively evaluating the relative contribution of different sources to the heavy metal pollution pattern of the soil on different functional areas and area scales.

Description

Soil heavy metal pollution tracing method and system Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of polluted soil investigation, in particular to a method and a system for tracing heavy metal pollution of soil. Background In the background of continuous advancement of industrialization and urbanization, heavy metal pollution has become one of the most common environmental problems in industrial parks and industrial sites. Heavy metals in site soil can be derived from various industrial pollution sources such as coal emission, steel smelting, fuel oil and the like, and can also be superimposed with certain geological background contribution. After various heavy metals are discharged, the heavy metals are migrated and accumulated in the soil through the methods of atmospheric sedimentation, underground pipeline leakage, solid waste accumulation and infiltration and the like, so that a complex pollution pattern is gradually formed. Under the background, the source and the formation mechanism of heavy metal pollution are fully identified, and the pollution site investigation and treatment are important preconditions. Because the same place often has multiple emission sources, multiple migration paths and overlapping historical activities, the pollution sources are difficult to accurately judge only by means of concentration distribution, and therefore quantitative or semi-quantitative analysis of the pollution sources is required by means of a system source analysis method. At present, a mature method system is formed aiming at the cause research of heavy metal pollution, and the method comprises statistical methods represented by Principal Component Analysis (PCA), factor Analysis (FA) and Cluster Analysis (CA), which belong to pattern recognition technologies, wherein the method only can reveal related structures and potential combination characteristics among elements, and is difficult to realize quantification of pollution source contribution, and the isotope tracing technology for quantifying the isotope characteristics of elements such as Pb, zn and Cu has higher precision, but usually only traces on a single element, and has applicability limitation on complex sites where multiple heavy metals coexist. In summary, various methods have certain limitations, and it is difficult for a single technology to fully reveal the multi-source characteristics of heavy metal pollution. Therefore, a new method for conducting a cryptographic distribution investigation on the soil pollution of an industrial site is urgently needed in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a method and a system for tracing heavy metal pollution of soil, which are used for solving the technical problem that the prior art is difficult to comprehensively reveal the multi-source characteristics of heavy metal pollution. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: in one aspect, the invention provides a tracing method for heavy metal pollution of soil, comprising the following steps: Arranging a plurality of soil sampling points in a survey area to sample soil, obtaining a plurality of soil samples, and obtaining content data of various heavy metal elements in each soil sample; Screening out heavy metal elements showing space aggregation based on content data of the heavy metal elements; selecting one of heavy metal elements with space aggregation as an element to be analyzed, and screening out the heavy metal elements with obvious correlation with the element to be analyzed; And performing isotope tracing on the element to be analyzed, determining the source of the element to be analyzed, and taking the source of the element to be analyzed as a tracing result of the heavy metal element with obvious correlation with the element to be analyzed. Further, the screening out the heavy metal elements exhibiting space aggregation based on the content data of the heavy metal elements includes: Calculating the Morganella index of each kind of heavy metal element based on the content data of the heavy metal element, wherein the formula is as follows: ; wherein N is the number of soil samples; the heavy metal element for calculating the Morganella is at the first Content in individual soil samples; the heavy metal element for calculating the Morganella is at the first Content in individual soil samples; the average value of the content of the heavy metal elements in all soil samples to be calculated is calculated; Is the first in the space weight matrix Soil sample NoWeights of individual soil samples; The sum of the weights; And screening out the heavy metal elements showing space aggregation based on the Morlan indexes of the heavy metal elements. Further, screening out heavy metal elements having a significant correlation with the element to be analyzed, including: Calculating a correlation coefficient between each heavy metal e