CN-121983198-A - Pulse magnetic field casting optimization method and device based on quantitative feedback of three-dimensional feeding channel

CN121983198ACN 121983198 ACN121983198 ACN 121983198ACN-121983198-A

Abstract

The invention provides a pulse magnetic field casting optimization method and device based on quantitative feedback of a three-dimensional feeding channel, comprising the steps of positioning a hot junction or a weak area of a casting through numerical simulation, aligning the area by utilizing a pulse magnetic field generating system and applying a high-energy pulse magnetic field, and maintaining the feeding channel smooth through a multi-field synergistic effect; and comparing the characteristic parameters with a preset microstructure-process parameter mapping database, and if the characteristic parameters deviate from a set threshold value, automatically inverting and calculating a pulse magnetic field parameter correction value of the next furnace to realize closed loop iteration optimization. The invention solves the technical problems that the existing pulse magnetic field technology is difficult to accurately focus a specific hot-spot area of a casting, has low energy efficiency, depends on macroscopic physical quantity open loop or simple feedback, can not sense the real topological state of a feeding channel, causes blind uncertainty of process parameter adjustment, and is difficult to accurately inhibit shrinkage porosity defects.

Inventors

ZHANG ANG
Li Chuangming
LI YONGFENG
GAO YUYANG
DONG ZHIHUA
JIANG BIN
PAN FUSHENG

Assignees

重庆大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260122

Claims (10)

1. The pulse magnetic field casting optimization method based on the quantitative feedback of the three-dimensional feeding channel is characterized by comprising the following steps of: S1, accurately positioning and aligning hardware, namely performing solidification field simulation on a target casting by using numerical simulation software, accurately locking a hot junction region or a weak region with a narrow feeding channel, which is easy to generate shrinkage porosity, and aligning a magnetic field focusing center of a dynamically focused pulse magnetic field generating system to the region; S2, directional intervention and multi-field cooperation, namely, in a key stage of alloy solidification, concentrating a high-energy pulse magnetic field in the area, actively maintaining a feeding channel unblocked and introducing forced feeding flow by inducing a multi-field cooperation effect; S3, multi-scale feature acquisition, namely after the casting is prepared, scanning to obtain macroscopic defect information of the whole casting, sampling a suspected defect area or a key regulation area displayed by scanning, performing high-resolution three-dimensional reconstruction, and extracting microscopic topological feature parameters of a liquid metal feeding channel; S4, intelligent inversion and process iteration, namely comparing the extracted microscopic topological characteristic parameters with a preset microstructure-process parameter mapping database, if the characteristic parameters deviate from a set threshold value, automatically inverting to calculate pulse magnetic field parameter correction values required by the next heat, and issuing instructions to a pulse magnetic field generation system to realize closed loop iteration optimization.
2. The pulsed magnetic field casting optimization method based on quantitative feedback of a three-dimensional feeding channel according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the feeding channel is maintained unblocked and forced feeding flow is introduced, in particular by the synergistic effect of lorentz force effect and joule heating effect.
3. The pulse magnetic field casting optimization method based on the quantitative feedback of the three-dimensional feeding channel according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the industrial CT is specifically utilized to rapidly scan the whole casting, the spatial distribution and the volume fraction of the defects are obtained, and whether the whole density meets the standard is judged.
4. The pulsed magnetic field casting optimization method based on quantitative feedback of a three-dimensional feeding channel according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, high-resolution three-dimensional reconstruction is performed by using nano-scale CT, and topology fingerprint parameters of the liquid metal feeding channel are extracted, including one or more of tortuosity, average channel diameter, connectivity and channel branch number.
5. The pulsed magnetic field casting optimization method based on quantitative feedback of three-dimensional feeding channel according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the microstructure-process parameter mapping database specifically comprises two layers of mapping relations: (a) A macroscopic layer, which is mapping of defect volume fraction-electromagnetic parameters and is used for coarse adjustment of a process window; (b) Microcosmic layer, namely feeding channel topological characteristic-electromagnetic parameter accurate mapping.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the specific logic of the automatic inversion calculation includes increasing the pulse voltage amplitude in the next pass if the tortuosity of the feeding channel is detected to be higher than a set threshold value, and adjusting the pulse frequency in the next pass if the average channel diameter is detected to be lower than the set threshold value.
7. Pulsed magnetic field casting optimizing apparatus based on three-dimensional feeding channel quantitative feedback, characterized by comprising: The pulse magnetic field generation system comprises a pulse power supply, a magnetic focusing coil assembly connected with the pulse power supply and a driving mechanism for driving the magnetic focusing coil assembly to move, wherein the magnetic focusing coil assembly comprises an induction coil assembly and a magnetic focusing cover wrapping the periphery of the induction coil assembly, and the opening end of the magnetic focusing cover faces one side of a casting; The intelligent process optimization system comprises an intelligent control terminal integrated with a self-adaptive correction module, wherein the intelligent control terminal is electrically connected with the pulse power supply, the driving mechanism and the industrial CT and the nano CT; Wherein, intelligent control terminal is used for: controlling the action of the driving mechanism according to the coordinates of the hot joint area or the weak area obtained by numerical simulation, and performing physical accurate positioning and directional energy field intervention on the area by the magnetic focusing coil assembly; Receiving and processing scan data from industrial-scale CT and nano-scale CT to extract microscopic topological feature parameters; and based on the micro-topology characteristic parameters, inverting and calculating a pulse magnetic field parameter correction value through the self-adaptive correction module, and controlling the pulse power supply to output a corresponding pulse magnetic field to realize closed loop iterative optimization.
8. The pulsed magnetic field casting optimization device based on quantitative feedback of a three-dimensional feeding channel according to claim 7, wherein the driving mechanism is a lifting sliding table driven by a servo motor or a multi-axis mechanical arm and is provided with a high-precision displacement sensor.
9. The pulse magnetic field casting optimization device based on the quantitative feedback of the three-dimensional feeding channel according to claim 7, wherein the magnetic focusing cover is made of high magnetic conductive alloy material, and is specifically made of notched silicon steel sheet or soft magnetic composite material.
10. The pulse magnetic field casting optimization device based on the quantitative feedback of the three-dimensional feeding channel according to claim 7, wherein a double-layer mapping database is preset in the self-adaptive correction module, and comprises macroscopic layer mapping of defect volume fraction-electromagnetic parameters and microscopic layer mapping of topological characteristics-electromagnetic parameters of the feeding channel.

Description

Pulse magnetic field casting optimization method and device based on quantitative feedback of three-dimensional feeding channel Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent control of metal casting and solidification processes, in particular to a pulse magnetic field casting optimization method and device based on quantitative feedback of a three-dimensional feeding channel. Background Shrinkage porosity defects are microscopic holes formed between dendrites due to insufficient liquid metal feeding at the end of solidification of an ingot or casting, and their core causes can be attributed to the combined action of "solidification shrinkage" and "feeding flow interruption". At present, shrinkage porosity is mainly inhibited by optimizing a casting process and a die (such as setting a riser and a chill to control a temperature field, establishing sequential solidification to maintain smooth feeding channels), and grain refining technology (such as obtaining fine equiaxed crystals by adding a refiner and optimizing a feeding channel structure), but the methods have the limitations of depending on experience, unstable effect, possible introduction of impurities and the like. The pulsed magnetic field technology has potential in regulating and controlling the solidification process due to the advantages of non-contact, high energy density, easy control of parameters and the like, and can crush dendrites and enhance feeding through a multi-field synergistic effect. However, the pulse magnetic field technology has obvious defects in practical application that on one hand, the hardware adopts a fixed coil, magnetic field energy is dispersed, accurate focusing is difficult to realize aiming at a specific hot-spot area of a casting, and energy efficiency is low, on the other hand, the control mode is mainly based on macroscopic physical quantities such as temperature, time and the like to carry out open loop or simple feedback, and the real topological state of a hot-spot area feeding channel cannot be perceived, so that process parameter adjustment has extremely strong blindness and uncertainty, and accurate suppression of shrinkage porosity defect is difficult to realize. In order to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks, a method and a device capable of accurately delivering magnetic field energy to the feeding blind zone and performing quantitative feedback and adaptive optimization according to microscopic topological features of the feeding channel are needed, so as to realize accurate targeted intervention and deterministic control on shrinkage defects. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a pulse magnetic field casting optimization method and device based on quantitative feedback of a three-dimensional feeding channel, which solve the technical problems that the existing pulse magnetic field technology is difficult to accurately focus a specific hot-spot area of a casting, has low energy efficiency, depends on macroscopic physical quantity open loop or simple feedback, cannot sense the real topological state of the feeding channel, causes blind uncertainty of process parameter adjustment, and is difficult to accurately inhibit shrinkage porosity. In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: in a first aspect, the invention provides a pulsed magnetic field casting optimization method based on quantitative feedback of a three-dimensional feeding channel, which comprises the following steps: S1, accurately positioning and aligning hardware, namely performing solidification field simulation on a target casting by using numerical simulation software, accurately locking a hot junction region or a weak region with a narrow feeding channel, which is easy to generate shrinkage porosity, and aligning a magnetic field focusing center of a dynamically focused pulse magnetic field generating system to the region; S2, directional intervention and multi-field cooperation, namely, in a key stage of alloy solidification, concentrating a high-energy pulse magnetic field in the area, actively maintaining a feeding channel unblocked and introducing forced feeding flow by inducing a multi-field cooperation effect; S3, multi-scale feature acquisition, namely after the casting is prepared, scanning to obtain macroscopic defect information of the whole casting, sampling a suspected defect area or a key regulation area displayed by scanning, performing high-resolution three-dimensional reconstruction, and extracting microscopic topological feature parameters of a liquid metal feeding channel; S4, intelligent inversion and process iteration, namely comparing the extracted microscopic topological characteristic parameters with a preset microstructure-process parameter mapping database, if the characteristic parameters deviate from a set threshold value, automatically inverting to calculate pulse magnetic field parameter correction values