CN-121983364-A - Fusion power plant system based on multiple stacks of one machine and heat storage heat exchanger

CN121983364ACN 121983364 ACN121983364 ACN 121983364ACN-121983364-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear fusion power generation, in particular to a fusion power plant system based on a plurality of stacks of one-machine and heat storage heat exchangers. The technical scheme is mainly used for solving the problems that a stacker is unreasonable in matching, needs to rely on a large-scale energy storage system, is poor in switching reliability and is insufficient in passive safety, and comprises a double-stacker energy supply unit, a heat storage and exchange unit, a single-unit power generation unit, a loop driving unit and an alternate switching control unit, wherein the double-stacker energy supply unit comprises a tokamak reactor A and a tokamak reactor B which are symmetrical in structure, and the heat storage and exchange unit comprises a heat storage heat exchanger XH01 with a heat storage chamber A and a heat storage chamber B. The invention adopts the design of multi-stack one-machine matching and heat storage heat exchanger, can balance pulse fluctuation without large-scale energy storage, is suitable for mature high-capacity units, improves the power generation efficiency and safety, and promotes the development of fusion power generation.

Inventors

TAO XINLEI
DING ZHIYANG
LIU SUMEI
GAO FENG
LIU XINZHI
WANG ZIJING

Assignees

聚变能(合肥)工程设计院有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260206

Claims (8)

1. The fusion power plant system based on the multi-stack one-machine and the heat storage heat exchanger is characterized by comprising a double-stack energy supply unit, a heat storage heat exchange unit, a single-unit power generation unit, a loop driving unit and an alternate switching control unit; The double-pile energy supply unit comprises a Tokamak reactor A and a Tokamak reactor B which are symmetrical in structure; The heat storage and exchange unit comprises a heat storage heat exchanger XH01 internally provided with a heat storage chamber A and a heat storage chamber B; the single-unit power generation unit comprises a gas turbine MT02, a regenerative heat exchanger MH01, a cooler MH02 and a two-loop compressor MP02; the loop driving unit comprises a loop compressor MP01, a replenishing tank MV01 and a pressure stabilizing tank MV02; The alternating switching control unit comprises a three-way switching valve and a plurality of isolation valves; The double-pile energy supply unit is communicated with the heat storage and heat exchange unit through the alternate switching control unit, the heat storage and heat exchange unit is communicated with the single-unit power generation unit, and the loop driving unit is respectively communicated with the double-pile energy supply unit and the heat storage and heat exchange unit to jointly form a switchable energy supply and power generation loop.
2. The fusion power plant system based on multiple stacks of one-machine and heat storage heat exchangers according to claim 1, wherein the three-way switching valves comprise three-way switching valve PV1A, three-way switching valve PV1B, three-way switching valve PV2A, three-way switching valve PV2B, three-way switching valve PV3A and three-way switching valve PV3B.
3. The fusion power plant system based on a plurality of one-machine-one-reactor and heat storage heat exchangers according to claim 2, wherein the tokamak reactor a is connected with a first interface of the three-way switching valve PV1A through an isolation valve PV02, and the tokamak reactor B is connected with a second interface of the three-way switching valve PV1A through an isolation valve PV 04; The third interface of the three-way switching valve PV1A is sequentially connected with the heat storage and exchange unit and the primary loop compressor MP01, and the three-way switching valve PV1B is respectively connected with the return port of the Tokamak reactor A and the return port of the Tokamak reactor B and is used for communicating the heat storage and exchange unit with the Tokamak reactor A and the Tokamak reactor B alternately.
4. A fusion power plant system based on a plurality of stacks of one-machine and heat storage heat exchangers according to claim 3, wherein the heat storage heat exchange unit is structurally connected with a double stack energy supply unit and a single unit power generation unit to form: the inlet of the regenerator A is connected with a third interface of the three-way switching valve PV1A through a three-way switching valve PV2A, and the outlet of the regenerator A is connected with the inlet of the primary loop compressor MP01 through a three-way switching valve PV 2B; The inlet of the heat accumulation chamber B is connected with the return port of the single-unit power generation unit through a three-way switching valve PV3A, and the outlet of the heat accumulation chamber B is connected with the inlet of the gas turbine MT02 through a three-way switching valve PV3B, so as to switch the corresponding communication between the heat accumulation heat exchange unit and the double-stack power supply unit as well as between the heat accumulation heat exchange unit and the single-unit power generation unit.
5. The fusion power plant system based on a plurality of heat exchangers and one machine according to claim 4, wherein the three-way switching valve PV1A is interlocked with the three-way switching valve PV1B, the three-way switching valve PV2A is interlocked with the three-way switching valve PV2B, and the three-way switching valve PV3A is interlocked with the three-way switching valve PV 3B; And each three-way switching valve is provided with an auxiliary pilot valve in a matched mode, and the auxiliary pilot valves are connected in parallel with two ends of an interface of the corresponding three-way switching valve and used for reducing switching resistance.
6. The fusion power plant system based on a plurality of stacks of one-machine and heat storage heat exchangers according to claim 1, wherein an outlet of the surge tank MV02 is communicated with an inlet of the one-circuit compressor MP01, and a two-stage pressure relief valve PV13 and a pressure relief valve PV14 are arranged at the top of the surge tank MV 02; One end of the pressure release valve PV13 is communicated with the pressure stabilizing tank MV02, the other end of the pressure release valve PV14 is communicated with the replenishing tank MV01, one end of the pressure release valve PV14 is communicated with the pressure stabilizing tank MV02, and the other end of the pressure release valve PV is communicated with an external space.
7. The fusion power plant system based on the multi-stack one-machine and the heat storage heat exchanger according to claim 4, wherein the tokamak reactor A is switched through an interface of a three-way switching valve PV2A and is communicated with an inlet of a heat storage chamber B, the tokamak reactor B is switched through an interface of a three-way switching valve PV3A and is communicated with the inlet of the heat storage chamber A, and the tokamak reactor A corresponds to a non-fixed type communicated double-stack energy supply unit and a heat storage heat exchange unit.
8. The fusion power plant system based on a plurality of stacks of one-machine and heat storage heat exchangers according to claim 4, wherein heat storages in a heat storage heat exchange unit and a heat storage chamber A and a heat storage chamber B are in contact with a loop working medium, and shell interfaces of the heat storage chamber A and the heat storage chamber B are communicated with a loop pipeline of a double-stack energy supply unit to form an unpowered heat conducting channel.

Description

Fusion power plant system based on multiple stacks of one machine and heat storage heat exchanger Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear fusion power generation, in particular to a fusion power plant system based on a plurality of stacks of one-machine and heat storage heat exchangers. Background Nuclear fusion power generation becomes one of the core development directions of global energy transformation due to the advantages of rich fuel reserves, cleanliness, no pollution and high energy density. In the design of a fusion power generation system, the energy characteristics around a fusion reactor are logically matched with a heat source-unit, but the key constraint exists in the prior art that the whole energy conversion efficiency of the fusion power plant is about 0.3, the continuous ignition combustion of the fusion reactor cannot be realized, and the energy output of the fusion reactor is pulse in a quite long time. The prior fusion power plant adopts a framework of adding an additional energy storage system, such as CN113012837A, CN112967826A, CN111075529B, and adapts Rankine or Brayton cycle power generation through molten salt and oil energy storage balance pulse fluctuation, and the patent CN105976873A proposes a future Tokamak fusion reactor internal part cooling power generation system. The heat generated by the cladding is mainly used for driving the steam turbine to generate power, and the heat recovery of the coolant purification and the divertor is considered. The method is characterized in that a stack-to-machine matching mode is adopted, a Rankine cycle power generation scheme of a turbine driven generator is adopted, and the method aims at a fusion stack which is in steady-state operation in the future, and adjustment of fusion stack energy fluctuation is not needed to be considered. The existing scheme has the problems of unreasonable matching of a reactor, limited single-reactor output, low efficiency, high unit kW manufacturing cost, low maturity of high-power fusion reactor technology, non-optimized temperature difference and pressure difference in valve switching, dependence of an energy storage system on power driving and poor passive safety. Therefore, there is a need for a fusion power plant system that breaks through the limitations of "one-reactor-one-machine", does not require large-scale energy storage, adapts to existing mature low-power fusion reactors, and is reliable and safe in switching. In view of the above, the invention provides a fusion power plant system based on a plurality of stacks of one-machine and heat storage heat exchangers. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the problems of unreasonable matching of a stacker, dependence on a large-scale energy storage system, poor switching reliability and insufficient passive safety in the background art, and provides a fusion power plant system based on multiple stackers and heat storage heat exchangers. The fusion power plant system based on the multi-stack one-machine and the heat storage heat exchanger comprises a double-stack energy supply unit, a heat storage heat exchange unit, a single-unit power generation unit, a loop driving unit and an alternate switching control unit; The double-pile energy supply unit comprises a Tokamak reactor A and a Tokamak reactor B which are symmetrical in structure; The heat storage and exchange unit comprises a heat storage heat exchanger XH01 internally provided with a heat storage chamber A and a heat storage chamber B; the single-unit power generation unit comprises a gas turbine MT02, a regenerative heat exchanger MH01, a cooler MH02 and a two-loop compressor MP02; the loop driving unit comprises a loop compressor MP01, a replenishing tank MV01 and a pressure stabilizing tank MV02; The alternating switching control unit comprises a three-way switching valve and a plurality of isolation valves; The double-pile energy supply unit is communicated with the heat storage and heat exchange unit through the alternate switching control unit, the heat storage and heat exchange unit is communicated with the single-unit power generation unit, and the loop driving unit is respectively communicated with the double-pile energy supply unit and the heat storage and heat exchange unit to jointly form a switchable energy supply and power generation loop. Optionally, the three-way switching valve includes three-way switching valve PV1A, three-way switching valve PV1B, three-way switching valve PV2A, three-way switching valve PV2B, three-way switching valve PV3A and three-way switching valve PV3B. Optionally, the tokamak reactor a is connected with the first interface of the three-way switching valve PV1A through an isolation valve PV02, and the tokamak reactor B is connected with the second interface of the three-way switching valve PV1A through an isolation valve PV 04; The third interface of the three-way switching valve PV1A is sequentially connec