CN-121983431-A - Three-dimensional flower-like carbon supported CuNb2O6Material, preparation method and application thereof

CN121983431ACN 121983431 ACN121983431 ACN 121983431ACN-121983431-A

Abstract

The invention provides a three-dimensional flower-shaped carbon supported CuNb 2 O 6 material, and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of electrochemical devices. The preparation method of the three-dimensional flower-shaped carbon supported CuNb 2 O 6 material comprises the steps of dissolving a niobium source, a copper source and a surfactant in a solvent, stirring and mixing to obtain a precursor solution, adding carbon nanoflower into the precursor solution for reaction, evaporating the solvent after the reaction is finished to obtain a CuNb 2 O 6 precursor, calcining the CuNb 2 O 6 precursor, cooling, washing and freeze-drying to obtain the three-dimensional flower-shaped carbon supported CuNb 2 O 6 material. The supporting effect of the three-dimensional flower-shaped carbon network in the composite material prepared by the invention effectively improves the specific capacity of the composite material, and the addition of Cu obviously enhances the conductivity of Nb 2 O 5 , thereby realizing the reduction of impedance. The three-dimensional carbon network and Cu cooperate to effectively improve the cycle stability and the quick charge capacity of the CuNb 2 O 6 anode material in the lithium ion capacitor, and the method is simple, low in cost and suitable for mass production.

Inventors

CHEN XUELI
LI GAOJIE
GUO QIFEI
QU WENTAO
DUAN HUIXIN
MI LIWEI

Assignees

尧山实验室

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260324

Claims (10)

1. The preparation method of the three-dimensional flower-shaped carbon supported CuNb 2 O 6 material is characterized by comprising the following steps of: (1) Dissolving a niobium source, a copper source and a surfactant in a solvent, and stirring and mixing to obtain a precursor solution; (2) Adding the carbon nanoflower into a precursor solution for reaction, and evaporating the solvent after the reaction is finished to obtain a CuNb 2 O 6 precursor; (3) And calcining the CuNb 2 O 6 precursor, cooling, washing and freeze-drying to obtain the three-dimensional flower-like carbon-supported CuNb 2 O 6 material.
2. The preparation method of the three-dimensional flower-shaped carbon-supported CuNb 2 O 6 material is characterized in that the niobium source is niobium oxide or/and niobium oxalate, the surfactant is one or more of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate or dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, the copper source is one or more of copper oxide, copper nitrate, copper chloride, copper sulfate or copper acetate, and the solvent is deionized water or a mixed solvent of deionized water and alcohols.
3. The preparation method of the three-dimensional flower-shaped carbon-supported CuNb 2 O 6 material as claimed in claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the copper source to the niobium source to the surfactant is 1:1-3:0.1-1, and the concentration of the niobium source in the precursor solution is 0.1-5wt%.
4. The method for preparing the three-dimensional flower-shaped carbon-supported CuNb 2 O 6 material according to claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of the addition amount of the carbon nanoflower in the step (2) to the copper source in the step (1) is 1:0.5-2.
5. The method for preparing the three-dimensional flower-shaped carbon-supported CuNb 2 O 6 material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the method for preparing the carbon nanoflower is characterized in that a carbon source and a pore-forming agent with the mass ratio of 1:2 to 5 are mixed and then are activated and roasted for 1 to 10 hours at 800 to 1000 ℃.
6. The method for preparing the three-dimensional flower-shaped carbon supported CuNb 2 O 6 material, which is characterized in that the carbon source is a biomass carbon source, the biomass carbon source is coconut shell carbon, bamboo charcoal or wood chip carbon, the pore-forming agent is carbonate, and the carbonate is one or two or more of potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate or potassium bicarbonate.
7. The method for preparing a three-dimensional flower-like carbon-supported CuNb 2 O 6 material according to claim 1, wherein the reaction temperature in step (2) is 60-80 ℃ and the reaction time is 10-30 min.
8. The method for preparing a three-dimensional flower-like carbon-supported CuNb 2 O 6 material according to claim 7, wherein the calcination treatment is performed in an inert gas atmosphere at 800-900 ℃ for a holding time of 1-5 h.
9. A three-dimensional flower-like carbon supported CuNb 2 O 6 material prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-8.
10. The use of the three-dimensional flower-like carbon supported CuNb 2 O 6 material in an electrode of claim 9, wherein the three-dimensional flower-like carbon supported CuNb 2 O 6 material, the conductive agent and the binder are mixed and then coated on a current collector to prepare the electrode.

Description

Three-dimensional flower-like carbon supported CuNb 2O6 material and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of electrochemical devices, and particularly relates to a CuNb 2O6 material. Background The current widespread commercialization of electric vehicles is hampered by the long charging time and safety problems of current lithium batteries. Therefore, it is highly necessary to develop new generation lithium ion batteries for transportation and daily applications and having high rate capability, safe operating voltage window and long cycle life. The charge and discharge rate of a battery depends on the inherent ion and electron transport characteristics of the electrode material, the electrode and the battery structure. Conventional lithium ion battery anode materials (e.g., graphite and silicon) have limited rate capability, mainly due to dendritic lithium formation and excessive volume expansion. For example, graphite experiences significant capacity loss at high circulation rates. In addition, dendrite lithium that may be formed at low voltage may cause internal short circuit or even explosion. During cycling, the volume of the silicon-based anode material changes greatly, resulting in pulverization of the material, followed by a rapid drop in capacity. In the aspect of fast charging, the niobium compound is a novel fast charging material of the next generation due to higher intercalation capability and better rate capability, and meanwhile, excellent safety is kept in a potential window of 1.0-3.0V. Intrinsic conductivity is enhanced by material modification and/or integration with other more conductive two-dimensional materials. Publication No. CN119170779a discloses that by coating the surface of the niobium-based negative electrode material with a high dielectric constant material, when the high dielectric constant material component is BaTiO 3 or the like, the rate capability of the negative electrode can be better improved, and at the same time, the surface of the negative electrode material is further stabilized. The coating material improves the local electric field on the surface of the negative electrode, so that the electrochemical performance of the material is improved, and meanwhile, titanium contained in the high dielectric constant material also has the characteristic of diffusing into a niobium-based material body in the surface coating process, so that the decomposition of the fast-charging electrolyte and the occurrence of surface side reactions can be inhibited, and the stability of the surface structure of the material is improved. Similarly, finding a material with a relatively high dielectric constant to be composited with a niobium-based material to improve the conductivity thereof is an effective way to improve the rate capability and the cycle performance thereof. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the technical problems of high production cost of a negative electrode material and low charging rate of the electrode material of the super capacitor, the invention provides the three-dimensional flower-shaped carbon supported CuNb 2O6 material, the preparation method and the application thereof, wherein a three-dimensional flower-shaped carbon network is used as a matrix, the three-dimensional flower-shaped carbon supported CuNb 2O6 material is prepared by adopting a simple, environment-friendly, low-temperature and large-scale method, and the prepared three-dimensional flower-shaped carbon supported CuNb 2O6 material has high specific surface area and high conductivity, realizes relatively rapid charging and discharging capability, can be used as the electrode material of the super capacitor, and has very good capacitance performance. In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: The preparation method of the three-dimensional flower-shaped carbon supported CuNb 2O6 material comprises the following steps of: (1) Dissolving a niobium source, a surfactant and a copper source in a solvent, and stirring and mixing to obtain a precursor solution; (2) Adding the carbon nanoflower into a precursor solution, performing reaction for 10-20 min of ultrasonic dispersion time, and evaporating the solvent after the reaction is finished to obtain a CuNb 2O6 precursor; (3) And calcining the CuNb 2O6 precursor, cooling, washing and freeze-drying to obtain the three-dimensional flower-like carbon-supported CuNb 2O6 material. The niobium source is niobium oxide or/and niobium oxalate, the surfactant is one or more than two of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate or dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, the copper source is one or more than two of copper oxide, copper nitrate, copper chloride, copper sulfate or copper acetate, and the solvent is deionized water or a mixed solvent of deionized water and alcohols. The alcohol is