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CN-121983434-A - Low-oxygen-content capacitor carbon and preparation method and application thereof

CN121983434ACN 121983434 ACN121983434 ACN 121983434ACN-121983434-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon materials, and discloses low-oxygen-content capacitor carbon, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the low-oxygen-content capacitor carbon comprises at least one of the following performance parameters, namely, the oxygen content of active carbon is 2% -6%, and the specific surface area is 2000-3500 m 2 /g. The capacitive carbon of the present invention has a low oxygen content and a high specific surface area.

Inventors

  • CHEN JING
  • CHENG XIAFEI
  • ZHANG LONGGUI
  • JI WENXI
  • DU JIAQI
  • SONG JIANHUI
  • ZHANG LIBO
  • LI YIFENG
  • CAO MENGYU
  • Pan Mingao

Assignees

  • 中国石油化工股份有限公司
  • 中石化(北京)化工研究院有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20241030

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The low-oxygen-content capacitor carbon is characterized by comprising at least one of the following performance parameters, namely, the oxygen content of active carbon is 2% -6%, and the specific surface area is 2000-350 m 2 /g.
  2. 2. A method for preparing low oxygen content capacitor carbon, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) Mixing and grinding a carbon source and a water absorbent to obtain a first mixture, and carbonizing the first mixture to obtain a carbonized material; (2) Uniformly mixing the carbonized material and solid KOH to obtain a second mixed material; (3) Under the protection of inert gas, activating the second mixture to obtain an activated product; (4) And washing and drying the activated product to obtain the low-oxygen-content capacitor carbon.
  3. 3. The production method according to claim 2, wherein the carbon source comprises at least one of coconut shell, starch, chitosan, glucose, lignin, cellulose, petroleum-based derivatives, coal-based derivatives, and a polymer resin-based carbon source; the petroleum-based derivative is preferably at least one of petroleum asphalt, petroleum coke, oxidized asphalt and mesophase pitch; The coal-based derivative is preferably coal tar pitch; the high polymer resin-based carbon source is preferably at least one of phenolic resin, polyimide, polybenzimidazole, polyethylene terephthalate, nylon, polystyrene and polyacrylonitrile.
  4. 4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the water absorbing agent comprises at least one of sodium silicate, aluminosilicate, calcium chloride, lithium bromide, calcium oxide, calcium phosphate, calcium sulfate, copper sulfate, zinc phosphate, zinc chloride, magnesium sulfate, magnesium phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium phosphate, sodium sulfate, sodium phosphate, sodium chloride, and zeolite.
  5. 5. The production method according to claim 2, wherein in the step (1), the mass ratio of the carbon source to the water absorbing agent is 1 (0.1 to 2); the blending grinding is carried out until the mesh size is 100-300 meshes; The carbonization temperature is 400-600 ℃, and the time is 0.1-3 h, preferably 1-3 h.
  6. 6. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein in the step (2), the mass ratio of the carbonized material to the solid KOH is 1 (0.1-10); In the step (3), the activation treatment is carried out for 1-6 hours at 600-900 ℃ under the condition that the temperature rising rate is 10-100 ℃ per minute.
  7. 7. The production method according to claim 2, wherein in the step (4), the washing is to wash the activated product with acid first and then with deionized water to neutrality; the acid preferably includes at least one of acetic acid, citric acid, formic acid, chloric acid, carbonic acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid, hydrobromic acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, and boric acid.
  8. 8. A low oxygen content capacitive carbon made by the method of any one of claims 2-7.
  9. 9. The low oxygen content capacitive carbon of claim 8 wherein the low oxygen content capacitive carbon comprises at least one of the following performance parameters, an activated carbon oxygen content of 2% -6% and a specific surface area of 2000-3500 m 2 /g.
  10. 10. Use of a low oxygen content capacitive carbon according to claim 1, 8 or 9 as an electrode material for a supercapacitor.

Description

Low-oxygen-content capacitor carbon and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of carbon materials, in particular to low-oxygen-content capacitor carbon, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background In recent years, due to rapid development of the new energy field, the application scene of the super capacitor is greatly expanded. The capacitor carbon is a main component of the supercapacitor electrode, and directly affects various performances of the supercapacitor. The performance evaluation dimension of the capacitor carbon is more, and besides the specific surface area, the porosity, the resistivity and the like, the oxygen content is also an important parameter influencing the practical application. The oxygen content is too high, and in the high-temperature charge and discharge process, due to local charge aggregation, degassing reaction can be initiated, and the shell structure of the capacitor can be damaged due to excessive gas content, so that quality problems such as liquid leakage and the like are caused. Thus, low oxygen content is a hard requirement for capacitive carbon practical applications. The carbon-oxygen content of the existing commercial capacitor is generally more than 6%, for example, the oxygen content of colali YP-50F is 6.5%. KOH is usually added as an activating agent in the preparation process of the activated carbon, and strong alkali and carbon are subjected to complex chemical reaction at high temperature to form a large number of pore structures which serve as storage places of electrolyte, so that a large number of charges are stored. In order to achieve the effects of higher specific surface area and high specific capacitance, high-power KOH is generally required to be added, and the carbon-oxygen content of the obtained capacitance is generally higher, so that the subsequent reduction deoxidation is required under the high-temperature or hydrogen environment. Therefore, the preparation of the capacitance carbon with low oxygen content and high specific surface area by adopting a simple and feasible method has great significance for practical application. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide low-oxygen-content capacitor carbon, a preparation method and application thereof. The first aspect of the invention provides low-oxygen-content capacitor carbon, which comprises at least one of the following performance parameters, wherein the oxygen content of active carbon is 2% -6%, and the specific surface area is 2000-3500 m 2/g. In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing low oxygen content capacitor carbon, the method comprising: (1) Mixing and grinding a carbon source and a water absorbent to obtain a first mixture, and carbonizing the first mixture to obtain a carbonized material; (2) Uniformly mixing the carbonized material and solid KOH to obtain a second mixed material; (3) Under the protection of inert gas, activating the second mixture to obtain an activated product; (4) And washing and drying the activated product to obtain the low-oxygen-content capacitor carbon. A third aspect of the present invention provides a low oxygen content capacitive carbon prepared by the above-described preparation method. A fourth aspect of the invention provides the use of a low oxygen content capacitive carbon as described above as an electrode material for a supercapacitor. The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The capacitive carbon of the present invention has a low oxygen content and a high specific surface area. (2) The preparation process of the capacitor carbon is simple and feasible, and the water absorbent is directly added in the carbonization and activation process, so that the capacitor carbon with low oxygen content can be obtained, the subsequent reduction step is omitted, the energy consumption and the cost are reduced, and the capacitor carbon has great value for actual production. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows. Drawings Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows XPS analysis of low oxygen content capacitive carbon according to example 14 of the present invention, wherein the vertical axis counts represents photoelectron intensity and the horizontal axis Binding Energy represents Binding Energy. Fig. 2 shows a constant current charge-discharge voltage versus time graph according to embodiment 14 of the present invention. Fig. 3 shows a constant current charge-discharge voltage versus time graph of comparative example 1 according to the present invention. Detailed Description Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. While the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described bel