CN-121983506-A - Zinc anode based on organic molecule adsorption layer and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of water-based zinc ion energy storage devices, and in particular relates to a zinc anode based on an organic molecule adsorption layer, and a preparation method and application thereof; the organic molecule is any one or more of dithizone, terephthalonitrile, dimethylglyoxime and phenanthroline. Organic molecules are strongly adsorbed on the surface of a zinc anode through functional groups of the organic molecules, and interface modification is performed by establishing a protective layer between a zinc anode and electrolyte, so that uniform nucleation sites are provided, zinc ions are guided to be uniformly deposited, dendrite formation is avoided, and the aim of inhibiting zinc dendrite growth is fulfilled.

Inventors

• WANG NA
• Wei Jiongnan
• Qu Jinmeng
• LAN ZHONGHUA
• ZHENG YIQIAN
• LIU YANYUN

Assignees

• 晋中学院

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20260209

Claims (9)

1. 1. The preparation method of the zinc anode based on the organic molecule adsorption layer is characterized by comprising the following steps of: Uniformly coating a solution of organic molecules on the surface of a zinc electrode, and vacuum drying to obtain the zinc anode; The organic molecule is any one or more of dithizone, terephthalonitrile, dimethylglyoxime and phenanthroline.
2. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the organic molecule is dissolved in an organic solvent in the solution of the organic molecule; the organic solvent is one or more of chloroform, dichloromethane and acetone.
3. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the concentration of the solution of the organic molecule is 5mg/mL to 25mg/mL.
4. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the zinc electrode is ultrasonically cleaned in advance to remove surface oxide layers.
5. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the zinc electrode is a zinc foil, a zinc rod, a zinc mesh, or a conductive material deposited with zinc metal.
6. 6. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein the method of coating includes any one of a drop coating method, a spin coating method, a spray coating method, and a blade coating method.
7. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the volume of the solution of coated organic molecules is 5 μl/cm 2 ~30μL/cm 2 .
8. 8. A zinc anode prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. 9. Use of a zinc anode according to claim 8 as a negative electrode material in the preparation of an aqueous zinc ion energy storage device.

Description

Zinc anode based on organic molecule adsorption layer and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the field of water-based zinc ion energy storage devices, and particularly relates to a zinc anode based on an organic molecule adsorption layer, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Under the background of the transformation of global energy systems to clean and low-carbonization, the development of efficient, safe and sustainable energy storage technologies and energy storage devices has become a common goal in academia and industry. Zinc metal is considered as an ideal negative electrode material of a water-based zinc ion energy storage device because of the advantages of high theoretical specific capacity, abundant reserves, high safety performance and the like. However, aqueous zinc ion batteries face zinc anode failure problems in practical applications. During repeated charge and discharge, zinc ions tend to preferentially deposit in localized areas of high current density on the electrode surface, forming sharp dendrite structures. The growth of these dendrites can cause internal shorting of the cell, capacity decay, and even puncture of the separator, causing permanent cell failure. In order to solve the problem of zinc negative pole dendrite growth, researchers have proposed various strategies such as electrolyte component optimization, three-dimensional electrode structure design, artificial interface layer construction and the like. However, these methods have a problem of limited effectiveness. Therefore, the development of an interface modification technology capable of effectively inducing uniform deposition of zinc has important significance for promoting commercial application of zinc metal batteries. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a zinc anode based on an organic molecule adsorption layer, and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method of the zinc anode based on the organic molecule adsorption layer comprises the following steps: Uniformly coating a solution of organic molecules on the surface of a zinc electrode, and vacuum drying to obtain the zinc anode; The organic molecule is any one or more of dithizone, terephthalonitrile, dimethylglyoxime and phenanthroline. The organic molecule is coated on the surface of the zinc electrode, contains a plurality of strong coordination atoms, can form stable coordination bonds with zinc ions, thereby inducing the zinc ions to be uniformly deposited and constructing a stable zinc-philic interface, and has a planar or expanded conjugated structure, such as benzene rings and conjugated double bonds, so that the organic molecule can be flatly paved on the surface of the zinc electrode through pi-pi stacking or Van der Waals force to form a layer of compact and uniform adsorption film. The film can effectively eliminate inherent chemical non-uniformity on the zinc surface, and provides uniform nucleation sites for zinc deposition, thereby guiding zinc ions to be uniformly deposited and avoiding dendrite formation. And the coordination of the organic molecule with Zn 2+ is dynamic reversible, when zinc deposition occurs, coordination bonds can be broken and recombined without permanently blocking the electrode surface. Preferably, the organic molecule is dissolved in an organic solvent in the solution of the organic molecule; The organic solvent is one or more of chloroform, dichloromethane and acetone. The organic molecules are dissolved in the solvents, the solvents volatilize faster, and an organic molecule adsorption layer can be formed on the surface of the zinc electrode rapidly. Preferably, the concentration of the solution of the organic molecules is 5 mg/mL-25 mg/mL. The concentration affects the amount of organic molecules coated on the surface of the zinc electrode, and experiments prove that the maximum solubility of the organic molecules in the organic solvent is approximately 25mg/mL. Preferably, the zinc electrode is ultrasonically cleaned in advance to remove the surface oxide layer. Preferably, the zinc electrode is a zinc foil, a zinc rod, a zinc mesh or a conductive material deposited with zinc metal. Preferably, the coating method includes any one of a drop coating method, a spin coating method, a spray coating method, and a blade coating method. Preferably, the volume of the solution of coated organic molecules is 5. Mu.L/cm 2~30μL/cm2. The volume affects the amount of organic molecules coated on the surface of the zinc electrode. The zinc anode prepared by the preparation method. The application of the zinc anode serving as a negative electrode material in preparing a water-based zinc ion energy storage device. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: organic molecules in the modification layer are strongly adsorbed on the surface of the zinc anode thro