CN-121983542-A - Negative electrode material of sodium ion battery and preparation method thereof

CN121983542ACN 121983542 ACN121983542 ACN 121983542ACN-121983542-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of sodium ion battery and glass preparation intersection, in particular to a sodium ion battery anode material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the sodium ion battery anode material comprises a current collector and a composite active coating attached to the current collector; the composite active coating is formed by coating and drying a slurry comprising a glass material, a conductive material, and a binder. Meanwhile, the three-dimensional conductive network formed by the glass material, the conductive material and the binder in a synergic way enhances the ion diffusion rate and the electron conduction efficiency, improves the multiplying power performance and the capacity performance, has simple integral preparation process and lower cost, and provides a feasible material solution for the high-performance application of sodium ion batteries in the field of large-scale energy storage.

Inventors

YU JINGBO
YU HAO
GUAN MIN
DONG YONG
YU TAO
MA JIEPING
LIU XIAOPENG
CHU JINGYUAN
WANG CHUANSHEN

Assignees

中国建材国际工程集团有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260127

Claims (10)

1. A sodium ion battery anode material, characterized in that the sodium ion battery anode material comprises a current collector and a composite active coating attached to the current collector; the composite active coating is formed by coating and drying a slurry comprising a glass material, a conductive material, and a binder.
2. The negative electrode material of sodium ion battery of claim 1, wherein the glass material is an amorphous sodium ion conductor comprising silicon dioxide, germanium oxide, a sodium-containing compound, and a boron source.
3. The negative electrode material of sodium ion battery of claim 2, wherein the sodium-containing compound is sodium carbonate or sodium nitrate and the boron source is boric acid.
4. The sodium ion battery anode material according to claim 2, wherein the glass material comprises, by mole, 30-50% of silicon dioxide, 0-20% of germanium oxide, 0-15% of sodium compound and 15-35% of boron source.
5. The negative electrode material of sodium ion battery of claim 1, wherein the conductive material is at least one of graphite, acetylene black, conductive carbon black or ketjen black; The binder is polyvinylidene fluoride or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; The current collector is copper foil or aluminum foil.
6. A method for preparing a negative electrode material of a sodium ion battery, which is used for preparing a negative electrode material of a sodium ion battery according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the method comprising: step S1, grinding the glass material to obtain glass powder; step S2, mixing and ball milling the glass powder, the conductive material and the binder in a solvent according to a preset mass ratio to obtain the slurry; and step S3, coating the slurry on the surface of the current collector and drying to obtain the sodium ion battery anode material.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein in the step S2, the preset mass ratio of the glass material, the conductive material and the binder is 7:2:1 or 8:1:1; the solvent includes at least one of deionized water, ultrapure water, or N-methylpyrrolidone.
8. The method for preparing the negative electrode material of the sodium ion battery according to claim 6, wherein the preparation process of the glass material is as follows: weighing silicon dioxide, germanium oxide, sodium-containing compounds and boron sources as raw materials according to a preset mole percentage, and drying the raw materials to obtain a dried raw material; Mixing and grinding the dry raw materials to obtain a uniformly mixed batch; Placing the batch into a crucible, then placing the crucible into a melting furnace for heating and melting operation, and stirring and homogenizing by a stirring paddle after the batch is melted into glass liquid; pouring the homogenized glass liquid into a forming die, and pressing and cooling the glass liquid to obtain the glass material.
9. The method for preparing a negative electrode material of a sodium ion battery according to claim 8, wherein the crucible is a platinum crucible or a quartz crucible; the stirring paddle is made of platinum, and the stirring speed of the stirring paddle is 8-20 r/min.
10. The method for preparing a negative electrode material for a sodium ion battery according to claim 8, wherein the heating and melting operation comprises: A first elevated temperature melting stage in which the batch is elevated to 800 ℃ at a first elevated temperature rate; A second elevated temperature melting stage in which the batch is elevated from 800 ℃ to a target temperature at a second elevated temperature rate to obtain the molten glass; The temperature rising rates of the first temperature rising melting stage and the second temperature rising melting stage are 3-7 ℃ per minute, and the target temperature is 1250-1450 ℃.

Description

Negative electrode material of sodium ion battery and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of sodium ion battery and glass preparation intersection, in particular to a sodium ion battery anode material and a preparation method thereof. Background Along with the increasing severity of global energy crisis and environmental pollution, the development of clean energy and efficient energy storage technologies becomes a key to achieving sustainable development. The secondary battery has the characteristics of repeated charge and discharge, high efficiency, strong environmental adaptability and the like, and becomes a research focus in the field of energy storage. Although lithium ion batteries have the advantages of high energy density and long cycle life, and are widely applied to the fields of portable electronic equipment and electric automobiles, the lithium ion batteries are limited by shortage and uneven distribution of lithium resources, the cost of the lithium ion batteries is high, and the requirement of large-scale energy storage is difficult to meet. For this reason, sodium ion batteries are considered to be very potential alternative energy storage systems, particularly in large-scale energy storage applications, by virtue of the abundant reserves of sodium resources, low cost and similar operating principles as lithium ion batteries. However, in practical applications, the cycling stability, the rate performance and the capacity performance of the sodium ion battery are all to be improved. Specifically, currently studied anode materials mainly include carbon-based materials (e.g., graphite, hard carbon, etc.) and metal-based materials (e.g., alloys, oxides, and sulfides). The electrochemical performance of the carbon-based material is highly dependent on the microstructure, while the metal-based material has higher theoretical capacity, the problems of low ion diffusion rate, severe phase change in the charge and discharge process and the like are generally existed, and the collapse of the electrode structure and the rapid capacity decay are easily caused. For example, iron-manganese-based layered oxides undergo irreversible phase changes during sodium ion deintercalation, severely affecting the cycling stability of the electrode. The above reasons cause that the existing negative electrode material is difficult to meet the requirements of high capacity and high multiplying power, and meanwhile, the structural stability of long-term circulation is considered, so that the negative electrode material becomes a key bottleneck for restricting the improvement of the overall performance of the sodium ion battery. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a sodium ion battery anode material and a preparation method thereof. The technical problems solved by the invention can be realized by adopting the following technical scheme: A sodium ion battery anode material comprising a current collector and a composite active coating attached to the current collector; the composite active coating is formed by coating and drying a slurry comprising a glass material, a conductive material, and a binder. Preferably, the glass material is an amorphous sodium ion conductor including silicon dioxide, germanium oxide, sodium-containing compounds, and a boron source. Preferably, the sodium-containing compound is sodium carbonate or sodium nitrate and the boron source is boric acid. Preferably, the glass material comprises, by mole, 30-50% of silicon dioxide, 0-20% of germanium oxide, 0-15% of sodium-containing compound and 15-35% of boron source. Preferably, the conductive material is at least one of graphite, acetylene black, conductive carbon black or ketjen black; The binder is polyvinylidene fluoride or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; The current collector is copper foil or aluminum foil. A preparation method of a sodium ion battery anode material, which is used for preparing the sodium ion battery anode material, the preparation method comprises the following steps: step S1, grinding the glass material to obtain glass powder; step S2, mixing and ball milling the glass powder, the conductive material and the binder in a solvent according to a preset mass ratio to obtain the slurry; and step S3, coating the slurry on the surface of the current collector and drying to obtain the sodium ion battery anode material. Preferably, in the step S2, the preset mass ratio of the glass material, the conductive material and the binder is 7:2:1 or 8:1:1; the solvent includes at least one of deionized water, ultrapure water, or N-methylpyrrolidone. Preferably, the preparation process of the glass material is as follows: weighing silicon dioxide, germanium oxide, sodium-containing compounds and boron sources as raw materials according to a preset mole percentage, and drying the raw materials to obtain a dried raw material; Mixing and grind