CN-121983576-A - NiO/C composite material, preparation method thereof and application thereof in water-based zinc-iodine battery

Abstract

The invention discloses a NiO/C composite material, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in a water-based zinc-iodine battery, and belongs to the technical field of electrode materials. According to the invention, the NiO/C composite material is prepared by a simple hydrothermal method and a calcination method, the nano sheet structure on the surface of the NiO/C composite material increases the specific surface area of the material, effectively promotes ion diffusion and charge transfer, improves the conductivity of NiO/C, reduces the internal resistance of NiO/C, and maintains the structural flexibility and stability of the material, thereby improving the overall performance of the water-based zinc-iodine battery.

Inventors

• ZHANG SIWEN
• WANG ZHENGYAO
• Yin bosi

Assignees

• 辽宁大学

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20260128

Claims (10)

1. 1. The NiO/C composite material is characterized in that the molar ratio of C to NiO= (100-25) 1 in the NiO/C composite material.
2. 2. The preparation method of the NiO/C composite material is characterized by comprising the steps of dissolving nickel salt and urea in a mixed solution of deionized water and glycol, adding biomass carbon, stirring uniformly at room temperature, transferring the obtained mixture into a stainless steel water heating reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, performing hydrothermal reaction, cooling to room temperature, centrifugally washing, drying in vacuum, and calcining the obtained product in an argon atmosphere to obtain the NiO/C composite material.
3. 3. The method for preparing a NiO/C composite according to claim 2, wherein the nickel salt is nickel nitrate.
4. 4. The method for preparing the NiO/C composite material according to claim 2, wherein the biomass carbon is biomass carbon prepared by calcining coconut shells.
5. 5. The method for preparing the NiO/C composite material according to claim 2, wherein the hydrothermal reaction is carried out at a reaction temperature of 150-170 ℃ and a reaction time of 12 h-13 h.
6. 6. The method for producing a NiO/C composite material according to claim 2, wherein the calcination is performed at a temperature rising rate of 4 ℃ to 6 ℃ per minute to 300 ℃ to 400 ℃ at a constant temperature of 2h to 3 h.
7. 7. The use of the NiO/C composite of claim 1 as a positive electrode material in an aqueous zinc-iodine battery.
8. 8. The application of the method according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the steps of anchoring active substance iodine on the NiO/C composite material by a gas-phase thermal diffusion method through the NiO/C composite material and iodine simple substance, uniformly mixing the obtained product with a binder and a conductive material, dropwise adding a small amount of NMP as a solvent, uniformly mixing, directly smearing on a substrate, and vacuum drying to obtain the positive plate coated with the NiO/C anchored iodine simple substance composite material.
9. 9. Use according to claim 8, characterized in that the NiO/C composite material comprises, in mass ratio, elemental iodine=1 (1-3).
10. 10. The use according to claim 8, wherein the binder is PVDF and the conductive material is Super-p.

Description

NiO/C composite material, preparation method thereof and application thereof in water-based zinc-iodine battery Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of electrode materials, and particularly relates to a NiO/C composite material, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in a water-based zinc-iodine battery. Background With the continuous growth of global energy demand and environmental pressure caused by fossil energy consumption, it has become urgent to develop an advanced energy storage system with high economic benefit, environmental friendliness and long-cycle stability. In various electrochemical energy storage technologies, a lithium ion battery has become a mainstream solution for intermittent renewable energy grid connection and utilization of solar energy, wind energy and the like by virtue of excellent energy density and cycle life. However, due to factors such as low abundance of lithium resources and uneven distribution, lithium ion batteries face technical bottlenecks such as high raw material cost and strong dependence on supply chains. In view of the increasing demands of rail traffic electrification and next-generation portable electronic devices on energy storage devices, development of an alternative electrochemical energy storage technology which is rich in resources, low in cost and intrinsically safe is urgently needed. The rechargeable aqueous zinc ion battery (RAZBs) is regarded as an extremely competitive energy storage alternative in the post-lithium battery era by virtue of the intrinsically safe aqueous electrolyte system and the characteristics of low cost, proper oxidation-reduction potential, high theoretical specific capacity and the like of the zinc cathode. Among the choices of the cathode materials, halogen materials (chlorine, bromine, iodine) based on a conversion reaction mechanism are attracting attention due to their high theoretical specific capacity and wide sources of raw materials. Particularly iodine element, which has extremely high abundance in crust and ocean, provides a solid resource foundation for the large-scale application of zinc-iodine batteries. Zinc-iodine batteries are considered to be one of the most promising aqueous battery systems for industrialization because of their excellent balance between electrochemical performance and cost effectiveness. However, the prior zinc-iodine battery technology still faces a serious challenge in practical application, namely, on one hand, the polyiodide which is an intermediate product generated in the charge-discharge process is extremely easy to generate a shuttle effect, which not only causes irreversible loss of active substances, but also can migrate to the surface of a negative electrode to cause self-discharge side reaction, and on the other hand, the oxidation-reduction reaction of iodine involves a complex multi-step conversion process, and the reaction kinetics of the oxidation-reduction reaction of iodine are relatively retarded. The problems commonly cause low actual capacity of the battery, rapid decay of coulomb efficiency and insufficient cycle stability, and severely restrict the commercialization process of the zinc-iodine battery. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a NiO/C composite material, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in a water-based zinc-iodine battery. The invention adopts the technical scheme that the NiO/C composite material comprises the following components in mole ratio of C, niO= (100-25) 1. The preparation method of the NiO/C composite material comprises the steps of dissolving nickel salt and urea in a mixed solution of deionized water and glycol, adding biomass carbon, stirring uniformly at room temperature, transferring the obtained mixture into a stainless steel water heating reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, performing hydrothermal reaction, cooling to the room temperature, centrifugally washing, vacuum drying, and calcining the obtained product in an argon atmosphere to obtain the NiO/C composite material. Further, the nickel salt is nickel nitrate. Further, the biomass carbon is biomass carbon prepared by calcining coconut shells. Further, the hydrothermal reaction is carried out at a reaction temperature of 150-170 ℃ and a reaction time of 12 h-13 h. Further, the calcination is to raise the temperature to 300-400 ℃ at a temperature raising rate of 4-6 ℃ per minute, and keep the temperature at 2 h-3 h. The NiO/C composite material provided by the invention is applied to a water-based zinc-iodine battery as a positive electrode material. The method comprises the following steps of anchoring active substance iodine on the NiO/C composite material through a gas phase thermal diffusion method by using the NiO/C composite material and iodine simple substance, uniformly mixing the obtained product with a binder and a conductive material, dropwise adding a small