CN-121983618-A - Cathode air inlet temperature and humidity cooperative control method for double-module intercooler type fuel cell

CN121983618ACN 121983618 ACN121983618 ACN 121983618ACN-121983618-A

Abstract

The invention relates to a cathode inlet air temperature and humidity cooperative control method of a dual-module intercooler type fuel cell. The method comprises the steps of obtaining real-time state parameters and operation parameters of cathode air intake of a fuel cell, constructing a multivariable coupling prediction model after pretreatment, setting a temperature and humidity reference and an oxygen metering ratio target reference by combining heat exchange characteristics of a two-module intercooler, regulating and controlling heat exchange distribution proportion of a core body, matching humidification regulation, dynamically regulating heat exchange distribution proportion of the core body and humidification regulation strength along with real-time working conditions, comparing deviation of actual temperature and humidity after regulation and the target temperature and humidity reference, and correcting the heat exchange distribution proportion and humidification regulation parameters through a dynamic constraint correction model.

Inventors

SHI LINRAN
LU JIABIN
CAI JUN
SHANG PENGFEI

Assignees

上海文景能源科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260130

Claims (12)

1. The method for cooperatively controlling the temperature and the humidity of cathode inlet air of the double-module intercooler type fuel cell is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1, acquiring real-time state parameters of cathode air intake of a fuel cell and operation parameters of the fuel cell, preprocessing the parameters to generate a parameter data set, constructing a multivariable coupling prediction model, and setting a target temperature and humidity reference and an oxygen metering ratio target of the cathode air intake of the fuel cell by combining heat exchange characteristics of a two-module intercooler; S2, based on the target temperature and humidity standard, the core heat exchange distribution proportion of the two-module intercooler is regulated and controlled by combining the output result of the multivariable coupling prediction model, and humidification regulation operation of cathode air intake of the fuel cell is synchronously matched; S3, monitoring the real-time operation condition of the fuel cell, dynamically adjusting the heat exchange adjustment amplitude of the two-module intercooler based on the monitoring result, and correspondingly changing the intensity of cathode air inlet humidification adjustment; S4, acquiring an actual temperature and humidity parameter of air inlet which enters the cathode of the fuel cell after adjustment, comparing the actual temperature and humidity parameter with the target temperature and humidity reference in a deviation mode, constructing a dynamic constraint correction model, and correcting the core heat exchange distribution proportion of the two-module intercooler and the humidification adjustment parameter of the cathode air inlet based on a temperature and humidity deviation value generated by comparison.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the specific process of preprocessing the parameters is to dimension the real-time state parameters and the operation parameters, unify the characterization form of the parameters, perform redundancy elimination processing on the parameters, eliminate repeatedly acquired characteristic information in the parameters, smooth the normalized parameters, and normalize the parameters to generate the parameter data set.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the specific process of constructing the multivariable coupling prediction model is to build a mapping relation between parameters and cathode inlet air temperature and humidity output based on the parameter data set and combined with heat exchange characteristic differences of main and auxiliary cores of the dual-module intercooler, generate an initial prediction model, and iteratively correct model parameters by continuously acquiring cathode inlet air real-time monitoring data and dynamic operation data of the fuel cell to generate the multivariable coupling prediction model.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the specific process of performing iterative correction on the model parameters comprises the steps of taking the real-time monitoring data and the dynamic operation data as verification samples, inputting the verification samples into the initial prediction model to generate a temperature and humidity predicted value, comparing the temperature and humidity predicted value with an actual temperature and humidity monitoring value of cathode air intake, calculating a temperature and humidity predicted error value, and correcting the associated parameters of the initial prediction model according to the magnitude and deviation direction of the error value and the mapping relation between the parameters and the temperature and humidity output of the cathode air intake according to the heat exchange characteristic difference of a main core body and a secondary core body of the dual-module intercooler.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of setting the target temperature and humidity reference and the oxygen metering ratio target of the cathode intake air of the fuel cell is that the oxygen metering ratio target is set according to the current power demand of the electric pile by combining the output result of the multivariable coupling prediction model based on the parameter data set, and the target temperature and humidity reference is formed by setting the target temperature and humidity reference of the cathode intake air and the target inlet temperature by combining the correlation characteristic of the temperature and the saturated vapor pressure in the relative humidity calculation formula.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the specific process of regulating the core heat exchange distribution ratio of the dual-module intercooler is to regulate the temperature of the mixed cathode intake air by regulating the opening of a combined valve to distribute the intake air flow ratio of the main core and the auxiliary core based on the output result of the target temperature and humidity standard and the multivariable coupling prediction model and utilizing the characteristic difference of strong cooling of the main core and low heat dissipation of the auxiliary core.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of the humidification adjustment operation of the cathode inlet gas of the synchronous coordination fuel cell is that the humidification intensity of the humidifier is dynamically adjusted by calculating the partial pressure difference of water vapor required by the current inlet gas based on the target temperature and humidity standard by combining the correlation characteristic of the temperature and the saturated water vapor pressure in the relative humidity calculation formula based on the real-time temperature of the cathode inlet gas after the core heat exchange distribution adjustment.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the specific process of dynamically adjusting the heat exchange adjustment range of the dual-module intercooler is to adjust the opening adjustment range of a combination valve connected with the main core and the auxiliary core based on the monitoring result, change the adjustment step length of the air inlet flow rate ratio of the main core and the auxiliary core, and increase and decrease the air inlet flow rate distribution adjustment range of the main core and the auxiliary core.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the specific process of correspondingly changing the intensity of the cathode inlet air humidification adjustment comprises the steps of synchronously associating the adjustment condition of the heat exchange adjustment amplitude of the two-module intercooler with the real-time operation condition change, acquiring the actual temperature and humidity parameters of the cathode inlet air in real time, comparing the parameters with a target temperature and humidity reference, calculating the current humidity deviation value, and dynamically changing the humidification intensity of the humidifier according to the deviation and the change trend.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the specific process of constructing the dynamic constraint correction model is that the temperature and humidity deviation value is input, the heat exchange characteristic of a two-module intercooler and the adjustment characteristic of a humidifier are combined to serve as model basic constraint conditions based on the parameter data set, the two-dimensional correction direction of the model is set, the method comprises the steps of core heat exchange distribution proportion correction and humidification adjustment parameter correction, the dynamic mapping relation between deviation characteristics and correction is established through quantitative analysis of the numerical value and change trend of the temperature and humidity deviation value, the correction constraint boundary of the core heat exchange distribution proportion and humidification adjustment parameter is set to define the adjustment interval of correction operation in combination with the parameter requirement of stable operation of the fuel cell, and the dynamic constraint correction model is integrated and generated.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the specific process of establishing the dynamic mapping relationship between the deviation feature and the correction amount comprises the steps of combining parameter data sets based on the magnitude, positive and negative polarities, change rate and change trend of the temperature and humidity deviation value, simultaneously coupling heat exchange regulation characteristics of a dual-module intercooler and humidification regulation characteristics of a humidifier, respectively performing feature extraction and quantization characterization on the temperature deviation and the humidity deviation to generate deviation feature indexes, respectively establishing single-dimensional quantization association rules of the heat exchange distribution proportion correction amount of the temperature deviation feature and the core body, the humidity deviation feature and the humidification regulation parameter correction amount, setting a basic value standard of the correction amount under the deviation feature, and performing collaborative calibration on the single-dimensional quantization association rules by combining the parameter coupling characteristics of the temperature and the humidity.
12. The method of claim 1, wherein the specific process of correcting the core heat exchange distribution ratio of the dual-module intercooler and the humidification adjustment parameters of cathode intake air is to carry out synchronous linkage correction on parameters based on the core heat exchange distribution ratio quantization correction and the humidification adjustment parameter quantization correction output by the dynamic constraint correction model, combine the temperature and humidity deviation signs, adjust the opening of a main core and an auxiliary core of the dual-module intercooler according to the heat exchange distribution ratio correction corresponding to temperature deviation based on the core heat exchange distribution ratio, dynamically adjust the intake air flow ratio of the main core and the auxiliary core, and adjust the humidification adjustment parameters of the humidifier based on the humidification adjustment parameters corresponding to humidity deviation based on the cathode intake air humidification adjustment parameters and combine the correlation characteristics of the real-time temperature of the cathode intake air and saturated vapor pressure.

Description

Cathode air inlet temperature and humidity cooperative control method for double-module intercooler type fuel cell Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cell system control, and particularly relates to a cathode air inlet temperature and humidity cooperative control method of a two-module intercooler type fuel cell. Background The PEMFC cathode air supply subsystem has a decisive impact on stack performance and life. The core control aim is to provide the cathode of the electric pile with air intake with proper pressure, temperature, humidity, flow and oxygen concentration according to different power requirements. However, there is a complex coupling between these parameters, namely the rotational speed of the air compressor directly affects the flow and pressure, while the compression process significantly increases the air temperature, the intercooler is used to regulate the temperature, but changes the relative humidity of the air and introduces a pressure drop, and the humidifier is used to boost the humidity, but its effect is affected by the inlet temperature and flow. The traditional control scheme generally adopts a single-input single-output PID control loop to respectively adjust an air compressor, an intercooler cooling valve and a humidifier, is difficult to process multivariable coupling and dynamic constraint, and causes slow response, overshoot and oscillation of the system, even the temperature rise is too slow during cold start or flooding or film drying occurs during load change. In the prior art, in order to improve cold start performance, a galvanic pile bypass or an intercooler bypass is adopted to reduce heat dissipation, but bypass air is not humidified generally, and may cause humidity control imbalance. In addition, a complex sectional heating strategy is adopted, but the energy consumption is high and the control is complex. In terms of humidity control, most rely on humidifier or cathode recirculation, lacking a coordinated mechanism with temperature regulation. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an integrated solution that can provide more degrees of freedom of tuning from the hardware architecture and achieve multi-objective collaborative optimization from the control algorithm level. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a cathode inlet air temperature and humidity cooperative control method of a two-module intercooler type fuel cell, which can be realized by the following technical scheme that the cathode inlet air temperature and humidity cooperative control method of the two-module intercooler type fuel cell comprises the following steps: s1, acquiring real-time state parameters of cathode air intake of a fuel cell and operation parameters of the fuel cell, preprocessing the parameters to generate a parameter data set, constructing a multivariable coupling prediction model, and setting a target temperature and humidity reference and an oxygen metering ratio target of the cathode air intake of the fuel cell by combining heat exchange characteristics of a two-module intercooler; S2, based on the target temperature and humidity standard, the core heat exchange distribution proportion of the two-module intercooler is regulated and controlled by combining the output result of the multivariable coupling prediction model, and humidification regulation operation of cathode air intake of the fuel cell is synchronously matched; S3, monitoring the real-time operation condition of the fuel cell, dynamically adjusting the heat exchange adjustment amplitude of the two-module intercooler based on the monitoring result, and correspondingly changing the intensity of cathode air inlet humidification adjustment; S4, acquiring an actual temperature and humidity parameter of air inlet which enters the cathode of the fuel cell after adjustment, comparing the actual temperature and humidity parameter with the target temperature and humidity reference in a deviation mode, constructing a dynamic constraint correction model, and correcting the core heat exchange distribution proportion of the two-module intercooler and the humidification adjustment parameter of the cathode air inlet based on a temperature and humidity deviation value generated by comparison. The method comprises the specific processes of carrying out preprocessing on the parameters, namely carrying out dimension normalization on the real-time state parameters and the operation parameters, unifying the characterization form of the parameters, carrying out redundancy elimination processing on the parameters, eliminating characteristic information repeatedly acquired in the parameters, carrying out smoothing processing on the normalized parameters, and carrying out normalization processing on the parameters to generate the parameter data set. The method comprises the specific process of constructing the multivariable coupling prediction model,