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CN-121983777-A - Mechanical arm adaptive dual-polarized miniaturized Vivaldi antenna

CN121983777ACN 121983777 ACN121983777 ACN 121983777ACN-121983777-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a mechanical arm adaptive dual-polarized miniaturized Vivaldi antenna which comprises a horizontal polarized antenna printed board, a vertical polarized antenna printed board and a reflecting floor, wherein a director, an index gradual change slot line and decoupling extension branches are printed on the bottom layer of the polarized antenna printed board, a sector microstrip line and a gradual change microstrip line are printed on the top layer of the polarized antenna printed board, an index contour slot, a circular resonant cavity and a circular slot line resonant cavity are formed by slotting on the index gradual change slot line, a substrate supporting structure is formed by extending two printed board substrates and is used for forming an air gap between an antenna and the reflecting floor, the two printed boards are arranged in a staggered mode through slotting, and the reflecting floor is provided with slotting and open holes which are respectively used for fixing the substrate supporting structure, bolt installation and coaxial cable routing. According to the invention, the high-frequency gain is improved through the director, the slotting technology is utilized to optimize low-frequency impedance matching, the air gap and decoupling are combined to prolong the branches to inhibit the coupling interference of the metal mechanical arm, and the dual-polarization characteristic is adapted to the complex electromagnetic environment.

Inventors

  • Sang Yangxin
  • SHEN ZHONGXIANG

Assignees

  • 北京理工大学长三角研究院(嘉兴)

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260327

Claims (6)

  1. 1. A mechanical arm adaptive dual-polarized miniaturized Vivaldi antenna is characterized in that the antenna is mounted on a metal mechanical arm platform (4), the antenna comprises a horizontal polarized antenna printed board (1), a vertical polarized antenna printed board (2) and a reflecting floor (3), the horizontal polarized antenna printed board (1) and the vertical polarized antenna printed board (2) are arranged in a staggered mode, the reflecting floor (3) is located under the horizontal polarized antenna printed board (1) and the vertical polarized antenna printed board (2), and antenna radiators and feed structures of the antennas are printed on the horizontal polarized antenna printed board (1) and the vertical polarized antenna printed board (2).
  2. 2. The mechanical arm adaptive dual-polarized miniaturized Vivaldi antenna is characterized in that the horizontal polarized antenna printed board (1) and the vertical polarized antenna printed board (2) are manufactured by using a Rogers RT/duroid 4350B board with a dielectric constant of 3.66 and a loss tangent of 0.0037 as a substrate, and printing metal lines on the substrate, and the reflecting floor (3) is manufactured by punching and grooving a metal plate.
  3. 3. The mechanical arm adaptive dual-polarization miniaturized Vivaldi antenna is characterized in that an antenna radiator of a horizontal polarization antenna printed board (1) comprises a first director (101), a first index gradual change slot line (102) and a first decoupling extension branch (108), wherein the first director (101), the first index gradual change slot line (102) and the first decoupling extension branch (108) are printed on the bottom layer of the horizontal polarization antenna printed board (1), a first index contour slot (103), a first circular resonant cavity (104) and a first circular slot line resonant cavity (106) are formed in a slotting mode on the first index gradual change slot line (102), the first director (101) is in a rectangular strip shape and is arranged right above the first index gradual change slot line (102), the first director (101) and the first index gradual change slot line (102) are positioned on the upper half part of the back surface of the horizontal polarization antenna printed board (1), and the first decoupling extension branch (108) is in a rectangular strip shape and is positioned on the lower half part of the back surface of the horizontal polarization antenna printed board (1); The feed structure of the horizontal polarization antenna printed board (1) comprises a first sector microstrip line (105), a first gradual change microstrip line (107) and a first coaxial cable connector (111), wherein the first sector microstrip line (105) and the first gradual change microstrip line (107) are printed on the top layer of the horizontal polarization antenna printed board (1), the first coaxial cable connector (111) is used for connecting coaxial cables, a first substrate supporting structure (109) is obtained by extending a substrate part of the horizontal polarization antenna printed board (1) and is used for adding a layer of air gap between the antenna and a reflective floor (3), a first index profile groove (103) is arranged on two sides of the first index gradual change groove (102), a first circular resonant cavity (104) is arranged below the first index profile groove (103) and is connected with the first index gradual change groove (103), a first circular groove resonant cavity (106) is arranged right below the first index gradual change groove (102) and is connected with the first index gradual change groove (102), the initial end of the first sector line (105) is connected with the tail end of the first gradual change antenna printed board (1) and is arranged on the first sector microstrip line (107), the first sector microstrip line is arranged below the first index gradual change groove (102) and is connected with the first microstrip line (107) in a first sector microstrip line (1), the start end gradually narrows from the end to the end.
  4. 4. The mechanical arm adaptive dual-polarized miniaturized Vivaldi antenna is characterized in that an antenna radiator of a vertical polarized antenna printed board (2) comprises a second director (201), a second index gradual change slot line (202) and a second decoupling extension branch (208), the second director (201), the second index gradual change slot line (202) and the second decoupling extension branch (208) are printed on the bottom layer of the vertical polarized antenna printed board (2), a second index profile groove (203), a second circular resonant cavity (204) and a second circular slot line resonant cavity (206) are formed on the second index gradual change slot line (202), the second director (201) is in a rectangular strip shape and is arranged right above the second index gradual change slot line (202), the second director (201) and the second index gradual change slot line (202) are positioned on the upper half part of the back of the vertical polarized antenna printed board (2), and the second decoupling extension branch (208) is in a rectangular strip shape and is positioned on the lower half part of the back of the vertical polarized antenna printed board (2); The feed structure of the vertical polarization antenna printed board (2) comprises a second fan-shaped microstrip line (205), a second gradual change microstrip line (207) and a second coaxial cable connector (211), wherein the second fan-shaped microstrip line (205) and the second gradual change microstrip line (207) are printed on the top layer of the vertical polarization antenna printed board (2), the second coaxial cable connector (211) is used for connecting coaxial cables, a second substrate supporting structure (209) is obtained by extending a substrate part of the vertical polarization antenna printed board (2) and is used for adding a layer of air gap between an antenna and a reflective floor (3), a second digital outline groove (203) is arranged on two sides of the second digital gradual change microstrip line (202), a second circular resonant cavity (204) is arranged below the second digital outline groove (203) and is connected with the second digital gradual change microstrip line (203), a second circular groove resonant cavity (206) is arranged right below the second digital gradual change microstrip line (202) and is connected with the second digital gradual change microstrip line (202), the initial end of the second fan-shaped microstrip line (205) is connected with the tail end of the second antenna printed board (2), the second circular resonant cavity (206) is arranged below the second digital gradual change microstrip line (202) and is connected with the second microstrip line (207) in the shape of the vertical gradual change microstrip printed board (2), the start end gradually narrows from the end to the end.
  5. 5. The dual polarized miniaturized Vivaldi antenna of claim 4, characterized in that on the reflective floor (3) a slot (301) is used to insert a first substrate support structure (109) and a second substrate support structure (209) into the reflective floor (3) for fixation, a first opening (302) is used to insert a bolt to fix the antenna on the metal robot platform (4), and a second opening (303) is used to let the coaxial cable pass.
  6. 6. The mechanical arm adaptive dual-polarized miniaturized Vivaldi antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first slot (110) and the second slot (210) are respectively positioned on the horizontal polarized antenna printed board (1) and the vertical polarized antenna printed board (2), the first slot (110) is positioned at the lower half part of the symmetry axis of the horizontal polarized antenna printed board (1), and the second slot (210) is positioned at the upper half part of the symmetry axis of the vertical polarized antenna printed board (2), so that the horizontal polarized antenna printed board (1) and the vertical polarized antenna printed board (2) are staggered.

Description

Mechanical arm adaptive dual-polarized miniaturized Vivaldi antenna Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and particularly relates to a mechanical arm adaptive dual-polarized miniaturized Vivaldi antenna. Background Along with the deep fusion of industrial automation, intelligent detection and wireless communication technology, the application of the mechanical arm in the fields of intelligent manufacturing, remote control, precise detection and the like is increasingly wide, and multi-dimensional severe requirements are provided for an antenna adapting to the mechanical arm. In the wireless communication system related to the mechanical arm, the antenna is used as a core component for signal radiation and receiving, so that the broadband transmission requirement is met to adapt to multi-scene data interaction, the dual polarization characteristic is needed to cope with signal polarization diversity in a complex electromagnetic environment, meanwhile, the compact installation space of the mechanical arm is adapted, the miniaturization integration is realized, and the influence on the movement flexibility of the mechanical arm is avoided. However, in the Vivaldi antenna and the dual-polarized antenna scheme in the prior art, under the condition of mechanical arm adaptation, a plurality of problems to be solved exist, namely, firstly, the size of the traditional dual-polarized Vivaldi antenna is usually 0.5λ L×0.5λL（λL which is the wavelength corresponding to the low-frequency cutoff frequency of the antenna, the size is larger, the limited installation space of the mechanical arm is difficult to adapt, the miniaturization design is insufficient, the integration key bottleneck of the traditional antenna and the mechanical arm is restricted, secondly, when the traditional antenna is assembled with a metal mechanical arm platform, the metal structure is easy to generate electromagnetic coupling with the antenna, so that the distortion and the radiation performance of the low-frequency pattern are deteriorated, the traditional antenna is lack of a targeted decoupling design, the coupling interference cannot be effectively restrained, and furthermore, part of the miniaturized antenna is required to be reduced in size, the high-frequency gain is often sacrificed, the requirement of long-distance operation or high-speed data transmission of the mechanical arm is difficult to be met, meanwhile, the low-frequency-band impedance matching performance is poor, the large return loss is easy to be generated, the signal transmission efficiency is reduced, the installation structure of the traditional antenna and the mechanical arm are difficult to adapt, the mechanical arm is complex, the stability is easy to generate in the process, the stability is poor, and the reliability is easy to influence in the movement process of the mechanical arm is further bad. In summary, although there is a related design of a miniaturized antenna or a dual-polarized antenna in the prior art, most of the designs are not customized and optimized for special application scenes of the mechanical arm, and it is difficult to simultaneously satisfy the comprehensive requirements of miniaturization, dual polarization, high gain, low coupling, easy installation, stable operation of broadband and the like. In order to solve the technical pain, development of a dual-polarized miniaturized Vivaldi antenna specially adapted to a mechanical arm scene is needed, the limitation of the prior art is broken through structural innovation, high-efficiency integration of the antenna and the mechanical arm is realized, excellent electromagnetic performance is ensured, and the practical requirement of a related wireless communication system of the mechanical arm is met. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a mechanical arm adaptive dual-polarized miniaturized Vivaldi antenna, which aims to solve the technical problems in the background technology. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: The mechanical arm adaptive dual-polarization miniaturized Vivaldi antenna is mounted on a metal mechanical arm platform and comprises a horizontal polarization antenna printed board, a vertical polarization antenna printed board and a reflecting floor, wherein the horizontal polarization antenna printed board and the vertical polarization antenna printed board are arranged in a staggered mode, the reflecting floor is located right below the horizontal polarization antenna printed board and the vertical polarization antenna printed board, and antenna radiators and feed structures of the antennas are printed on the horizontal polarization antenna printed board and the vertical polarization antenna printed board. Further, the horizontal polarization antenna printed board and the vertical polarization antenna printed board are manufactured by using Rogers RT/duroid 4350B (Rogers 4350B model) board with die