CN-121983784-A - Remote control and self-adaptive optimization system and method for railway mobile communication antenna

CN121983784ACN 121983784 ACN121983784 ACN 121983784ACN-121983784-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a remote control and self-adaptive optimization system and method of a railway mobile communication antenna, wherein the system comprises a data acquisition module, a central control platform and an antenna control module, wherein the data acquisition module is used for acquiring multisource heterogeneous data comprising physical attitude parameters of the antenna, wireless link quality index parameters and surrounding environment information in real time and transmitting the acquired multisource heterogeneous data to the central control platform, the central control platform is used for generating an optimal antenna adjustment strategy by integrating historical operation data and current multidimensional sensing input by adopting a reinforcement learning algorithm based on a built-in intelligent decision module, and outputting an antenna adjustment control instruction, and the antenna control module is used for analyzing and executing the control instruction and adjusting the attitude of the antenna by an execution mechanism so as to realize high-precision antenna dynamic adjustment. The invention achieves the aims of reducing personnel and improving efficiency and dynamically adjusting the precision in real time by integrating environment perception, intelligent decision and high-reliability communication mechanisms, and promotes the development of intelligent railways.

Inventors

AN RAN
Dong Pengle
JIAN XIA
ZHOU YONG
YANG YUXIU
CHEN ZHIYING

Assignees

中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20251126

Claims (10)

1. A railway mobile communications antenna remote control and adaptive optimization system, the system comprising: The data acquisition module is used for acquiring multi-source heterogeneous data comprising physical attitude parameters of the antenna, quality index parameters of the wireless link and surrounding environment information in real time and transmitting the acquired multi-source heterogeneous data to the central control platform; the central control platform is used for generating an optimal antenna adjustment strategy by fusing historical operation data with current multidimensional sensing input by adopting a reinforcement learning algorithm based on a built-in intelligent decision module and outputting an antenna adjustment control instruction; and the antenna control module is used for analyzing and executing the control instruction, and adjusting the antenna gesture through the execution mechanism to realize high-precision antenna dynamic adjustment.
2. The remote control and adaptive optimization system of a railway mobile communication antenna according to claim 1, wherein the data acquisition module is specifically configured to: the multi-source heterogeneous data acquisition is realized through an attitude measuring device, a radio frequency performance monitoring device and environment sensing equipment which are arranged in the antenna body and are arranged in the antenna external structure and the base station area; The physical attitude parameters include azimuth angle, pitch angle, polarization direction and rotation change trend thereof, are used for accurately describing the current pointing state of the antenna, the wireless link quality index parameters include RSSI, SINR, RSRP, CQI, standing wave ratio VSWR, return loss, adjacent area interference intensity, switching success rate and link interruption frequency, are used for dynamically evaluating the stability and signal integrity of a communication link, and the surrounding environment information includes temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, thunderstorm condition, electromagnetic interference level, building form change around a base station, terrain gradient, curve curvature, real-time position and running speed of a train, and are used for judging external interference factors possibly causing signal fading.
3. The remote control and adaptive optimization system of a railway mobile communication antenna according to claim 1, wherein the intelligent decision module is specifically configured to: An antenna posture optimization model is built based on a deep reinforcement learning framework, and a learning process is driven through an environment state vector and a reward function, wherein the antenna posture optimization model takes multi-source perception state information comprising antenna physical posture parameters, wireless link quality indexes and surrounding environment information as input, and takes optimal antenna physical posture information as output.
4. A remote control and adaptive optimization system for a railway mobile communication antenna according to claim 3, wherein the intelligent decision module is further specifically configured to: an Actor-Critic based deep reinforcement learning framework is adopted, comprising: the action generating unit is used for generating continuous antenna attitude control action instructions according to the input state information; And the performance evaluation unit is used for evaluating the improvement degree of the link quality after the antenna is adjusted, comprehensively considering various factors including the stability of the communication link, the signal strength, the energy consumption and the control smoothness according to the reward function, generating a reward signal through weighted calculation, and feeding the corresponding signal back to the action generation unit, thereby realizing the end-to-end strategy optimization.
5. The remote control and adaptive optimization system of a railway mobile communication antenna according to claim 1, wherein the intelligent decision module is further specifically configured to: And the online transfer learning is supported, namely, according to the differences of different railway lines, climate conditions or terrain environments, when the change of the line environmental characteristics is detected to exceed a set threshold value, the transfer learning process is automatically triggered, and the model parameters are finely adjusted without manual retraining.
6. The remote control and adaptive optimization system of a railway mobile communication antenna according to claim 1, wherein the intelligent decision module is further specifically configured to: And supporting a multi-antenna collaborative optimization strategy, namely dynamically coordinating main lobe direction, beam width and downward inclination angle of each antenna according to the real-time position, speed and track curvature of a train by synchronously scheduling antennas of a plurality of adjacent base stations when the train runs to the overlapping area covered by the base stations, so as to realize smooth connection of the coverage area and seamless transition of signal intensity.
7. The remote control and adaptive optimization system of a railway mobile communication antenna according to claim 1, wherein the antenna control module is specifically configured to: the high-precision angle adjusting device based on the worm-worm gear transmission mechanism is integrated, has a self-locking function, and only allows the worm to drive the worm wheel, so that the reverse transmission is mechanically locked; The built-in gesture real-time feedback unit is used for verifying the consistency of an actual adjustment result and a target instruction in a closed loop manner, so that the antenna is ensured to be accurately pointed to the train running track; The system has a fault self-checking mechanism, gives an alarm when an abnormal condition is identified, automatically triggers a safety strategy, instructs the antenna to return to a preset default posture, ensures basic coverage, and prevents equipment damage and safety accidents.
8. The railway mobile communications antenna remote control and adaptive optimization system of claim 1, wherein the system further comprises: the communication and networking module is used for carrying out data interaction among the modules through a railway special optical transmission backbone network or a 5G private network, has the capabilities of automatic switching of wired/wireless double channels and link state monitoring, and provides a standardized API interface to seamlessly butt-joint the existing GSM-R network management platform.
9. The remote control and adaptive optimization system of a railway mobile communication antenna according to claim 1, wherein the central control platform is further specifically configured to: As a core of man-machine interaction and system management, a graphical monitoring interface is provided, and real-time display of the running state of the antenna, backtracking inquiry of historical data, performance trend prediction analysis, centralized scheduling of multi-station antennas across areas, anomaly detection and remote updating of system versions are realized.
10. A method for remote control and adaptive optimization of a railway mobile communication antenna, the method comprising: Acquiring multisource heterogeneous data comprising physical attitude parameters of an antenna, quality index parameters of a wireless link and surrounding environment information in real time, and transmitting the acquired multisource heterogeneous data to a central control platform; through an intelligent decision module arranged in the central control platform, a reinforcement learning algorithm is adopted, historical operation data and current multidimensional sensing input are fused, an optimal antenna adjustment strategy is generated, and an antenna adjustment control instruction is output; and analyzing and executing the control instruction, and adjusting the antenna posture through an executing mechanism to realize high-precision antenna dynamic adjustment.

Description

Remote control and self-adaptive optimization system and method for railway mobile communication antenna Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of antenna control, in particular to a remote control and self-adaptive optimization system and method for a railway mobile communication antenna. Background In a Railway train control system, a GSM-R (Global System for Mobile Communications-Railway) mobile communication network bears the key tasks of train operation control and train-ground information transmission, and the network coverage quality of the GSM-R mobile communication network is directly related to train operation safety. However, as the mobile communication system along the railway is generally covered by the base stations and the directional antennas which are distributed in a strip shape, the antennas of the mobile communication system can be influenced by factors such as line trend change, increase and decrease of buildings along the railway, landform evolution, wind load and the like in operation, so that the original installation angle gradually deviates from the design state, the signals transmitted by the antennas of the mobile communication system which are optimized once only in the engineering construction stage cannot linearly and uniformly cover the line for a long time, and the normal running of the train can be influenced in serious cases. In order to ensure the communication quality of the train, the prior art usually relies on periodic detection and network optimization means to calibrate the parameters of the base station antenna (including horizontal azimuth angle and vertical pitch angle). However, the existing network has huge antenna scale, for example, in CTC-3 (China train control system grade 3) lines, the distance between base stations is about 3-3.5 km, two pairs of antennas are generally configured at each base station, the accumulated number in the whole country is huge, meanwhile, the existing optimization means mainly depend on operation and maintenance personnel to climb the iron tower to manually adjust, so that the risk of high-altitude operation exists, the optimization period is long, the cost is high, and the adjustment precision is difficult to guarantee due to the influence of subjective experience. In addition, most of the existing antenna regulation and control modes are periodic static optimization, and cannot respond to dynamic electromagnetic environment changes in real time, for example, when channel degradation, multipath interference enhancement or trackside obstacles are generated, the antenna coverage is difficult to adjust and compensate in time, so that the communication quality fluctuation is frequent, and the reliable operation of a train control system is not facilitated. In summary, the conventional railway mobile communication antenna regulation and control technology has various defects that firstly, an optimization means is highly dependent on manual operation, the efficiency is low, higher personal safety risks are brought, secondly, the parameter regulation is lack of a fine control mechanism, so that an optimization result is excessively dependent on subjective experience of operators, furthermore, a system is difficult to continuously and effectively compensate for the dynamically-changed electromagnetic environment and coverage performance attenuation in long-term operation, and finally, the prior art cannot meet the actual requirements of rapid iterative updating and intelligent operation and maintenance in a large-scale railway network environment. Aiming at the technical defects, a technical scheme for realizing remote, accurate and efficient parameter regulation of the railway mobile communication antenna is not available at present so as to support the continuous optimization requirement of a network under the intelligent railway background. Disclosure of Invention The application provides a remote control and self-adaptive optimization system and method for a railway mobile communication antenna, which are used for solving the problems that in the prior art, manual high-risk operation is heavy in burden, parameter adjustment accuracy is limited by human experience and real-time dynamic self-adaptive capability is lacked. According to a first aspect, in one embodiment there is provided a railway mobile communications antenna remote control and adaptive optimization system, the system comprising: The data acquisition module is used for acquiring multi-source heterogeneous data comprising physical attitude parameters of the antenna, quality index parameters of the wireless link and surrounding environment information in real time and transmitting the acquired multi-source heterogeneous data to the central control platform; the central control platform is used for generating an optimal antenna adjustment strategy by fusing historical operation data with current multidimensional sensing input by adopting a reinforcem