CN-121983787-A - Dual-polarized large-size ultra-wideband strong-coupling time domain antenna array

Abstract

The invention provides a dual-polarized large-size ultra-wideband strong-coupling time domain antenna array. The ultra-wideband high-gain wide-angle scanning device is formed by combining a plurality of PCB structures, and has the performances of ultra-wideband, large size, high gain and wide-angle scanning. On the premise that the unit size is a high-frequency wavelength, a resistive layer is introduced to destroy a short-circuit point, and an E-plane resonance point is solved by utilizing a short-circuit column, so that the working bandwidth is widened, and a larger unit gain is ensured.

Inventors

• ZHU HUIZHU
• ZHANG HAIHUI
• Xie Guangchi
• XU FENG
• LIU XU
• CONG RONG
• QU SHIWEI

Assignees

• 中国航空无线电电子研究所

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20251219

Claims (8)

1. 1. A dual-polarized large-size ultra-wideband strong-coupling time domain antenna array is characterized by comprising a matching layer, a dipole layer, a Marchand balun, a resistive layer and a metal floor from top to bottom, wherein the matching layer comprises two layers of first dielectric plates, two sides of each layer of first dielectric plates are respectively provided with the same strip-shaped metal pattern in a periodic array mode, the dipole layer comprises a single-layer second dielectric plate, an orthogonal bow tie type dipole unit is arranged on one side of the second dielectric plate close to the matching layer in a periodic array mode, a coupling patch is arranged at the center of the orthogonal bow tie type dipole unit, the center of the patch is connected with a short-circuit pillar, a gap is formed in the connecting line direction of the top of each adjacent orthogonal bow tie type dipole unit, the Marchand balun comprises a third dielectric plate and metal floors located on two sides of the third dielectric plate, the bottom of each Marchand balun penetrates through the gap on the dipole layer, the bottom of each Marchand balun is coplanar with the metal floors, the bottom of each Marchand balun is in a coplanar mode, the four-layer is in a coaxial waveguide structure, and the four-layer microwave waveguide is used for penetrating through the gap on the four-layer waveguide layers, and the four-layer waveguide structures penetrate through the gaps are formed in the coaxial waveguide layers.
2. 2. The dual polarized large size ultra wideband strongly coupled time domain antenna array of claim 1, wherein the periodic array elongated metal patterns on the two layers of PCBs in the matching layer are different in size.
3. 3. The dual polarized large size ultra wideband strongly coupled time domain antenna array of claim 1, wherein the dielectric plate is a PCB.
4. 4. The dual polarized large size ultra wideband strongly coupled time domain antenna array of claim 1, wherein the orthogonal bow tie type dipole units comprise two polarized bow tie type dipoles, the dipole ends are of an interdigital structure, and a coupling capacitor is provided.
5. 5. The dual-polarized large-size ultra-wideband strong-coupling time domain antenna array according to claim 1, wherein the Marchand balun is further provided with a metallized via hole for shielding, and the metallized via hole is used for inhibiting a parallel plate mode between two floors.
6. 6. The dual polarized large size ultra wideband strongly coupled time domain antenna array of claim 1, wherein the first dielectric plate has a thickness of 1mm and a relative dielectric constant of 2.2.
7. 7. The dual polarized large size ultra wideband strongly coupled time domain antenna array of claim 1, wherein the second dielectric plate has a thickness of 0.5mm and a relative dielectric constant of 2.2.
8. 8. The dual-polarized large-size ultra-wideband strong-coupling time domain antenna array according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the third dielectric plate is 1.016mm, the relative dielectric constant is 2.94, and a resistive copper foil with a sheet resistance of 50 Ω/m 2 is coated on the third dielectric plate.

Description

Dual-polarized large-size ultra-wideband strong-coupling time domain antenna array Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of antenna engineering, and particularly relates to a dual-polarized large-size ultra-wideband strong-coupling time domain antenna array. Background Compared with the continuous wave frequency domain technology, the ultra-wideband time domain technology has stronger penetrating power and higher resolution, and equipment designed based on the technology has stronger anti-interference capability and anti-stealth capability and can realize extremely high power peaks. The ultra-wideband time-domain antenna may be in the form of a horn antenna, monopole antenna, slot antenna, array antenna, or the like. The strong coupling antenna belongs to an array antenna, is an ultra-wideband antenna provided on the basis of an infinite current sheet, increases mutual coupling of units by reducing the distance between dipole units, and meanwhile, introduces capacitance between the units to offset inductance effect of a floor, so that wider working bandwidth is realized. The strong coupling antenna has the advantages of ultra-wideband, large-angle scanning and the like. However, in the two-dimensional array, the problems of short-circuit resonance points, common-mode resonance points and the like often occur in the ultra-wideband application, so that the original working bandwidth is divided into a plurality of discontinuous frequency bands, and the antenna performance is affected. In addition, for better matching, cell sizes of 0.5x0.5λ h2 or less are typically used in strongly coupled arrays, limiting the gain of the cells. Disclosure of Invention On the basis of the background technology, the invention provides a dual-polarized large-size ultra-wideband strong-coupling time domain antenna array, the unit size is 1 multiplied by 1 lambda h2, and the antenna unit has the characteristics of dual polarization, ultra-wideband and wide-angle scanning after the array is assembled. The technical scheme of the invention is that the dual-polarized large-size ultra-wideband strong-coupling time domain antenna array comprises a matching layer, a dipole layer, a Marchand balun, a resistive layer and a metal floor from top to bottom; the matching layer comprises two layers of first dielectric plates, the two sides of each layer of first dielectric plate are arranged with the same long strip-shaped metal patterns in a periodic array, and the introduction of the matching layer can provide impedance transition between the dipole and the air, so that the matching performance of the antenna is improved. The dipole layer comprises a single-layer second dielectric plate, one surface of the second dielectric plate, which is close to the matching layer, is provided with an orthogonal bow-tie type dipole unit in a periodic array mode, the center of the orthogonal bow-tie type dipole unit is provided with a coupling patch, the center of the patch is connected with a short-circuit post, and a gap is formed in the connecting line direction of the vertex of the adjacent orthogonal bow-tie type dipole unit, so that resonance of the antenna during E-plane scanning can be solved. The Marchand balun comprises a third dielectric plate and metal floors positioned on two sides of the third dielectric plate, strip lines are arranged on two side surfaces of the dielectric plate, the top end of the Marchand balun penetrates through a gap on the dipole layer, the bottom end of the Marchand balun penetrates through the resistive layer to be connected with the metal floors, the lowest end of the Marchand balun is a coplanar waveguide to strip line structure, and the coplanar waveguide and the strip lines are two microwave transmission lines and are used for connecting coaxial connectors. The resistive layer comprises a single-layer fourth dielectric plate, one surface of the fourth dielectric plate, which is close to the dipole layer, is covered with a resistance copper foil, a gap for the Marchand balun to pass through and a via hole for the short-circuit post to pass through are formed in the resistive layer, and the resistive material can damage a short-circuit point generated by the distance from the dipole to the floor being half wavelength through absorbing an electric field, so that the working bandwidth is widened. In one possible embodiment, the periodic array of elongated metal patterns on two of the matching layers are different in size. In one possible embodiment, the dielectric board is a PCB board. In one possible embodiment, the orthogonal bow-tie dipole unit includes two polarized bow-tie dipoles, the ends of which are of an interdigital structure, providing coupling capacitance. In one possible embodiment, the Marchand balun is further provided with a metallized via hole for shielding, so as to inhibit a parallel plate mode between two floors. In one possible embodiment, the first dielectric plate has a t