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CN-121983789-A - Broadband planar terahertz horn antenna based on corrugated substrate integrated waveguide feed

CN121983789ACN 121983789 ACN121983789 ACN 121983789ACN-121983789-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a broadband planar terahertz horn antenna based on corrugated substrate integrated waveguide feed, which comprises a dielectric substrate, a corrugated substrate integrated waveguide transmission line structure, a dipole antenna unit connected with the corrugated substrate integrated waveguide transmission line structure and a dielectric horn structure. The antenna directly excites the dipole antenna unit through the corrugated substrate integrated waveguide transmission line structure, ensures that terahertz signals of the corrugated substrate integrated waveguide transmission line are efficiently excited without reflection, and the dielectric horn structure realizes efficient convergence and directional radiation of terahertz electromagnetic wave radiation energy and improves the mechanical stability of the antenna. The structure such as the fold branch knot is adopted to replace the traditional metal via hole, so that the processing difficulty and the production cost of the antenna are reduced, the antenna can realize the efficient transmission of terahertz electromagnetic waves in a wide frequency range, the technical problem that the traditional SIW technology is difficult to process and cannot meet the terahertz frequency band requirement is solved, and a core support is provided for the practicality of a terahertz system.

Inventors

  • ZHANG QINGLE
  • MAO JUNFA
  • Deng Qiuyi

Assignees

  • 深圳大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260209

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The utility model provides a broadband plane terahertz horn antenna based on integrated waveguide feed of fold substrate which characterized in that includes: The device comprises a dielectric substrate, a first substrate and a second substrate, wherein the dielectric substrate comprises a first surface and a second surface which are oppositely arranged; The corrugated substrate integrated waveguide transmission line structure comprises a metal waveguide arranged on the first surface and a metal floor arranged on the second surface, and periodic corrugated branches are connected to the periphery of the metal waveguide; the dipole antenna unit is connected with the pleated substrate integrated waveguide transmission line structure, and the pleated substrate integrated waveguide transmission line structure couples terahertz high-frequency signals to the dipole antenna unit so that the dipole antenna unit radiates terahertz electromagnetic waves; The dielectric horn structure is arranged on one side, far away from the corrugated substrate integrated waveguide transmission line structure, of the dipole antenna unit and is used for converging and directionally conducting terahertz electromagnetic waves radiated by the dipole antenna unit.
  2. 2. The broadband planar terahertz horn antenna based on a folded substrate integrated waveguide feed according to claim 1, further comprising a supporting dielectric plate, wherein a plate surface of the supporting dielectric plate is connected with the metal floor, and the dielectric horn structure is connected to an end of the supporting dielectric plate.
  3. 3. The broadband planar terahertz horn antenna based on the folded substrate integrated waveguide feed according to claim 2, wherein the cross-sectional pattern of the metal waveguide is rectangular, and has a length of 0.22-0.48 λ and a width of 0.2 λ -0.44 λ, where λ is a wavelength at an antenna operation center frequency.
  4. 4. The broadband planar terahertz horn antenna based on the corrugated substrate integrated waveguide feed according to claim 3, wherein two long sides of the metal waveguide are respectively connected with at least 3 corrugated branches which are arranged at equal intervals, and the corrugated branches on two sides of the metal waveguide are symmetrically arranged relative to the central line of the metal waveguide.
  5. 5. The corrugated substrate integrated waveguide feed-based wideband planar terahertz horn antenna of claim 4, wherein each of the corrugated branches includes a first branch perpendicularly connected to the metal waveguide, a second branch perpendicularly connected to the first branch, and a third branch perpendicularly connected to the second branch, the third branch extending toward the metal waveguide, the length of the first branch being 0.08λ -0.16λ, the length of the second branch being 0.025λ -0.04λ, the length of the third branch being 0.07 λ -0.15λ, and the spacing of the first branch in two adjacent corrugated branches being 0.03λ -0.06λ.
  6. 6. The corrugated substrate integrated waveguide feed-based wideband planar terahertz horn antenna of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the dipole antenna unit includes a first dipole arm disposed on the first surface and a second dipole arm disposed on the second surface, the first dipole arm being connected to the metal waveguide by a first transition connection, the second dipole arm being connected to the metal floor by a second transition connection.
  7. 7. The corrugated substrate integrated waveguide feed-based broadband planar terahertz horn antenna of claim 6, wherein the cross-sectional patterns of the first dipole arm and the second dipole arm are rectangular, the lengths of the first dipole arm and the second dipole arm are 0.08λ -0.2λ, the widths of the first dipole arm and the second dipole arm are 0.02λ -0.04λ, the distance between the first dipole arm and the metal waveguide is 0.09 λ -0.15λ, and the distance between the second dipole arm and the metal floor is 0.09 λ -0.15λ, wherein λ is the wavelength at the working center frequency of the antenna.
  8. 8. The broadband planar terahertz horn antenna based on folded substrate integrated waveguide feed of claim 7, wherein the cross-sectional patterns of the first transition piece and the second transition piece are trapezoidal, the lower bottom of the first transition piece is connected to the metal waveguide, the upper bottom is connected to the first dipole arm, the lower bottom of the second transition piece is connected to the metal floor, the upper bottom is connected to the second dipole arm, the lengths of the lower bottom of the first transition piece and the lower bottom of the second transition piece are 0.15λ -0.25λ, and the lengths of the upper bottom of the first transition piece and the upper bottom of the second transition piece are 0.01λ -0.02λ.
  9. 9. The broadband planar terahertz horn antenna based on the folded substrate integrated waveguide feed of claim 2, wherein the dielectric substrate is made of one of cycloolefin copolymer, benzocyclobutene and polyimide, the dielectric substrate is a rectangular plate with a length of 0.54-1.20 λ, a width of 0.5-1 λ and a thickness of 0.002-0.015 λ, the metal floor is a rectangular metal layer with a length of 0.3-1 λ and a width of 0.5-1 λ, the supporting dielectric plate is made of quartz, the supporting dielectric plate is a rectangular plate, the width of the supporting dielectric plate is the same as the width of the dielectric substrate, one end of the supporting dielectric plate is flush with the end of the dielectric substrate, the other end of the supporting dielectric plate extends to the outside of the dielectric substrate, and the length of the supporting dielectric plate is 0.3-0.7 λ and the thickness of 0.045-0.075 λ larger than the length of the dielectric substrate, wherein λ is a wavelength at the working center frequency of the antenna.
  10. 10. The broadband planar terahertz horn antenna based on the folded substrate integrated waveguide feed according to claim 9, wherein the dielectric constant of the dielectric horn structure is 2.5-5, the loss tangent is less than 0.01, the dielectric horn structure is a trapezoid plate structure, the upper bottom side of the trapezoid plate is connected to the end part of the supporting dielectric plate, the upper bottom length of the trapezoid plate is the same as the width of the supporting dielectric plate, the lower bottom length is 2 λ -6 λ, the height is 2 λ -6 λ, and the thickness of the trapezoid plate is the same as the thickness of the supporting dielectric plate.

Description

Broadband planar terahertz horn antenna based on corrugated substrate integrated waveguide feed Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and relates to an antenna, in particular to a broadband planar terahertz horn antenna based on corrugated substrate integrated waveguide feed. Background Along with the extension of the requirements of the fields such as 6G communication, high-precision biomedical imaging, next-generation safety detection and the like on electromagnetic spectrum resources from microwaves and millimeter waves to higher frequency bands, terahertz frequency bands (0.1-10 THz) have become a core research direction for breaking through the bottleneck of the traditional technology due to unique electromagnetic characteristics such as ultra-wideband, high resolution, low radiation risk, selective penetration and the like. In the communication field, the available bandwidth of a terahertz frequency band single-band can reach hundreds of GHz, which is 10-20 times of the maximum bandwidth of the current 5G millimeter wave, and the Tbps-level air interface transmission rate can be supported, so that the problem of bandwidth congestion and rate limitation commonly existing in the existing communication system is effectively solved. In the biomedical field, the terahertz photon energy is only milli-electron volt magnitude (1 THz corresponds to 4.1 meV), is far lower than the ionization threshold value (about 12.5 eV) of biological tissues, has high sensitivity to vibration and rotation modes of biological macromolecules such as protein, DNA and the like, and can realize early detection and diagnosis of lesions without radiation risks. In the field of safety detection, based on the penetrability of terahertz frequency bands to nonmetallic materials such as cloth and plastics and the strong reflectivity to metals and liquids, dangerous articles in clothes or luggage can be accurately identified, and the technical defect that the traditional microwave safety inspection technology cannot detect nonmetallic threats is overcome. The antenna is used as a core carrier for signal transmission and reception in the terahertz communication system, the performance of the antenna determines the working efficiency and the application boundary of the whole communication system, and the terahertz antenna which has wide frequency band, high gain, low loss and easy integration is developed, so that the antenna becomes a key break for improving the practical application of the technology. Among the many technical means, the Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) is a classical integration technology in microwave and millimeter wave circuits, and the Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) is formed by arranging periodically arranged metallized through holes on the surface of a dielectric substrate, so that the advantages of high quality factor, low radiation loss and the like of the traditional metal waveguide are maintained, and the substrate integrated waveguide has the characteristics of low cost and easiness in batch processing of a planar circuit, and is widely applied to microwave filters and millimeter wave antenna arrays. However, when the SIW technology expands to the terahertz frequency band, two technical bottlenecks are faced, namely (1) the wavelength of the terahertz frequency band is extremely short and is only 30-3 mm, the diameter of a metal via hole required by the traditional SIW needs to be reduced to be in the order of tens of micrometers, the processing of the scale needs to depend on precise methods and equipment such as electron beam lithography, focused ion beam etching and the like, the processing cost is exponentially increased, the consistency and verticality of the via hole diameter are difficult to ensure, and the constraint capability of a waveguide wall on electromagnetic waves is obviously reduced, and (2) the metal via hole of the SIW penetrates through the upper surface and the lower surface of a substrate to form a vertical conduction structure, so that active devices such as a terahertz amplifier and a modulator cannot be directly integrated on the surface of the waveguide, and the miniaturization and the integration development of a terahertz system are seriously restricted. In order to solve the above problems, a technology of a folded substrate integrated waveguide (CSIW) has been developed in recent years, and the technology is to load a lambda/4 microstrip stub on the edge of the waveguide instead of a metal via of a traditional SIW, and to construct an equivalent electrical sidewall by using a virtual short-circuit effect of the stub at a resonant frequency, so as to realize effective restraint of electromagnetic waves. Compared with SIW, CSIW has the technical advantages that firstly, the stub is only distributed on the surface layer of the substrate and does not penetrate through the upper conductor and the lower conductor, a physical s