CN-121983791-A - Waveguide antenna structure with low profile and vertical polarization

Abstract

The invention provides a low-profile vertically polarized waveguide antenna structure, which comprises a waveguide antenna, wherein the waveguide antenna comprises a waveguide resonant cavity, a radiation gap, a beam constraint cavity and a waveguide feeder, the waveguide resonant cavity is an H-plane waveguide cavity, one end of the waveguide resonant cavity is closed and short-circuited, the other end of the waveguide resonant cavity is communicated with the waveguide feeder, the radiation gap is arranged above the waveguide resonant cavity at a position close to the closed end, one side of the radiation gap is parallel to the transmission direction of the waveguide resonant cavity, the central point of the radiation gap is separated from the closed end of the waveguide resonant cavity by a certain distance and has a certain offset with the transmission direction central plane of the waveguide resonant cavity, the beam constraint cavity is arranged above the radiation gap, and the beam constraint cavity is in an inverted horn shape, is connected with the radiation gap through an inclined plane or a step and penetrates through the top plane of the waveguide antenna.

Inventors

• GU JINJIE
• ZHANG YUPING

Assignees

• 上海威浪达科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20260310

Claims (10)

1. 1. The waveguide antenna structure comprises a waveguide antenna, wherein the waveguide antenna comprises a waveguide resonant cavity, a radiation gap, a beam restraining cavity and a waveguide feeder, the waveguide resonant cavity is an H-plane waveguide cavity, one end of the waveguide resonant cavity is closed and short-circuited, the other end of the waveguide resonant cavity is led to the waveguide feeder, the radiation gap is arranged above the waveguide resonant cavity at a position close to the closed end, one edge of the radiation gap is parallel to the transmission direction of the waveguide resonant cavity, the center point of the radiation gap is separated from the closed end of the waveguide resonant cavity by a certain distance and has a certain offset with the transmission direction center plane of the waveguide resonant cavity, the beam restraining cavity is arranged above the radiation gap, and the beam restraining cavity is in an inverted horn shape, is connected with the radiation gap through an inclined plane or a step and penetrates through the top plane of the waveguide antenna.
2. 2. The low profile vertically polarized waveguide antenna structure of claim 1, wherein a choke groove is provided around the beam confinement cavity, the choke groove having a width and depth of 1/4 times the operating wavelength.
3. 3. The low profile vertically polarized waveguide antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the plane surrounding the beam confining cavity is raised above the top surface of the waveguide antenna structure by a height of 1/4 times the operating wavelength.
4. 4. A low profile vertically polarized waveguide antenna structure as in claim 3, wherein a choke groove is provided in the plane above the top surface of the waveguide antenna structure around the beam confining cavity, the choke groove having a width and depth of 1/4 times the operating wavelength.
5. 5. The low profile vertically polarized waveguide antenna structure of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the unsealed other end of the waveguide resonant cavity is connected to an H-plane waveguide feed line through an H-plane matching body to form a signal transmission channel.
6. 6. The low profile vertically polarized waveguide antenna structure of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the unsealed other end of the waveguide resonant cavity is connected to an E-plane waveguide feed line by an EH matching body to form a signal transmission channel.
7. 7. The low profile vertically polarized waveguide antenna structure of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the waveguide antenna structure is separately fabricated in two layers and then assembled into a unitary waveguide antenna structure.
8. 8. The low profile vertically polarized waveguide antenna structure of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the waveguide antenna structure is fabricated from a metallic material or from a non-metallic material such as plastic and then surface metallized.
9. 9. The low profile vertically polarized waveguide antenna structure of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the distance between the center point of the radiating slot and the closed end of the waveguide cavity is 1/4 waveguide wavelength, the radiating slot is rectangular in cross section, and the long side of the rectangle is parallel to the transmission direction of the waveguide cavity.
10. 10. An antenna array comprising a plurality of low profile vertically polarized waveguide antenna structures according to any one of the preceding claims, the plurality of waveguide antenna structures arranged in rows and columns to form the antenna array, wherein the spacing between waveguide antenna structures adjacent to each other in the plurality of waveguide antenna structures is 1.5 times the wavelength.

Description

Waveguide antenna structure with low profile and vertical polarization Technical Field The present invention relates to an antenna structure adapted to a low-altitude environment, and more particularly, to a low-profile vertically polarized waveguide antenna structure. Background The antenna structure for low-altitude environment in the prior art generally adopts a microstrip antenna, and the radiation efficiency is not high. Even if a waveguide antenna is adopted, accurate vertical polarization cannot be achieved due to layout reasons, so that the requirements of use of specific scenes, such as signal attenuation caused by ground reflection needs to be reduced for low-altitude aircrafts and the omnidirectional communication requirements of low-altitude environments, cannot be met. In addition, such antennas are typically relatively high profile and do not meet the small size arrangement requirements. Disclosure of Invention Based on the problems, the invention provides a low-profile vertically polarized waveguide antenna structure, which comprises a waveguide antenna, wherein the waveguide antenna comprises a waveguide resonant cavity, a radiation slot, a beam constraint cavity and a waveguide feeder, the waveguide resonant cavity is an H-plane waveguide cavity, one end of the waveguide resonant cavity is closed and short-circuited, the other end of the waveguide resonant cavity is communicated with the waveguide feeder, the radiation slot is arranged above the waveguide resonant cavity at a position close to the closed end, one side of the radiation slot is parallel to the transmission direction of the waveguide resonant cavity, the center point of the radiation slot is separated from the closed end of the waveguide resonant cavity by a certain distance and has a certain offset with the transmission direction center plane of the waveguide resonant cavity, the beam constraint cavity is arranged above the radiation slot, and the beam constraint cavity is in an inverted horn shape, is connected with the radiation slot through an inclined plane or a step and penetrates through the top plane of the waveguide antenna. According to one aspect of the invention, a choke groove is arranged around the beam confinement cavity, and the width and depth of the choke groove are 1/4 times of the operating wavelength. According to one aspect of the invention, the plane around the beam confinement chamber is raised above the top surface of the waveguide antenna structure by a height of 1/4 times the operating wavelength. According to one aspect of the invention, a choke groove is arranged on a plane which is higher than the top surface of the waveguide antenna structure and is arranged around the beam confinement cavity, and the width and the depth of the choke groove are 1/4 times of the working wavelength. According to one aspect of the invention, the other end of the waveguide resonant cavity, which is not closed, is connected with an H-face waveguide feeder line through an H-face matching body to form a signal transmission channel. According to one aspect of the invention, the other end of the waveguide resonant cavity, which is not closed, is connected with the E-plane waveguide feeder line through the EH matching body to form a signal transmission channel. According to one aspect of the invention, the waveguide antenna structure is divided into an upper layer structure and a lower layer structure, and then the upper layer structure and the lower layer structure are respectively processed and assembled into an integral waveguide antenna structure. According to one aspect of the invention, the waveguide antenna structure is made of a metal material or made of a non-metal material such as plastic, and then subjected to surface metallization. According to one aspect of the invention, the distance between the central point of the radiation slit and the closed end of the waveguide resonant cavity is 1/4 waveguide wavelength, the radiation slit is rectangular in cross section, and the long side of the rectangle is parallel to the transmission direction of the waveguide resonant cavity. The invention also provides an antenna array, which comprises a plurality of low-profile vertically polarized waveguide antenna structures, wherein the waveguide antenna structures are arranged in rows and columns to form the antenna array, and the interval between the waveguide antenna structures adjacent to each other in the waveguide antenna structures is 1.5 times of wavelength. Drawings Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a vertically polarized waveguide antenna according to the invention; Fig. 2 shows a top view of a vertically polarized waveguide antenna according to the invention; Fig. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a vertically polarized wave guide antenna according to the invention, taken along section line A-A in fig. 2; Fig. 4 shows a perspective view of a vertically polarized waveguide antenna according to the invention connecte