CN-121983795-A - Reconfigurable transflective unit, reconfigurable transflective array antenna, and vehicle

CN121983795ACN 121983795 ACN121983795 ACN 121983795ACN-121983795-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a reconfigurable transparent and reflective unit, a reconfigurable transparent and reflective array antenna and a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of antennas, wherein a second dielectric substrate in the unit is opposite to a first dielectric substrate along the X direction, a transmission patch is arranged on one side of the second dielectric substrate, which is away from the first dielectric substrate, a reflection patch electrically connected with the transmission patch is arranged on one side of the first dielectric substrate, which is away from the second dielectric substrate, and two diodes are arranged on the reflection patch; the reconfigurable transflective unit is capable of switching between a reflective mode and a transmissive mode by controlling the two diodes to turn on and off; in the reflection mode, the reflection patch is used for reflecting the incident X-polarized electromagnetic wave to the space where the feed source is located, in the transmission mode, the transmission patch is used for converting the incident X-polarized electromagnetic wave into Y-polarized electromagnetic wave and transmitting the Y-polarized electromagnetic wave to the space opposite to the feed source, and the dual-mode high-isolation and large-angle low-loss scanning difficult problem in the severe vehicle-mounted environment can be solved.

Inventors

FENG BOTAO
MO SHU
WU QIAN
DING XIAO
Shu guoxiang
YANG WEI

Assignees

深圳大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260407

Claims (10)

1. A reconfigurable transflector unit, characterized by comprising the following steps: A first dielectric substrate; The device comprises a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, a reconfigurable transparent reflection unit, a feed source and a transmission mode, wherein the first dielectric substrate is arranged on the first dielectric substrate, the second dielectric substrate is arranged opposite to the first dielectric substrate along the Z direction, a transmission patch is arranged on one side, facing away from the first dielectric substrate, of the second dielectric substrate, a reflection patch electrically connected with the transmission patch is arranged on one side, facing away from the second dielectric substrate, of the first dielectric substrate, two diodes are arranged on the reflection patch, the reconfigurable transparent reflection unit can be switched between the reflection mode and the transmission mode by controlling the connection and disconnection of the two diodes, the reflection patch is used for reflecting incident X-polarized electromagnetic waves to the space where the feed source is located in the reflection mode, and the transmission patch is used for converting the incident X-polarized electromagnetic waves to Y-polarized electromagnetic waves and transmitting the Y-polarized electromagnetic waves to the space opposite to the feed source in the transmission mode.
2. The reconfigurable transflector unit of claim 1, wherein the two diodes are a first diode and a second diode, respectively; The reflection patch comprises two first X-polarized radiation patches, wherein the two first X-polarized radiation patches are opposite along the X direction and are arranged at intervals of the first diode and the second diode; when the first diode and the second diode are both on or the first diode and the second diode are both off, the reconfigurable transflector unit is in a reflection mode; When the first diode is turned on, the second diode is turned off, or the first diode is turned off and the second diode is turned on, the reconfigurable transflector unit is in a transmissive mode.
3. The reconfigurable transflector unit of claim 2, wherein the reflective patch further comprises two second X-polarized radiation patches, the two second X-polarized radiation patches being disposed opposite and spaced apart from the two first X-polarized radiation patches along the X-direction.
4. The reconfigurable transflector unit of claim 3, wherein the two first X-polarized radiation patches are symmetrically disposed about a central axis of the first dielectric substrate along the Y-direction, and wherein the two second X-polarized radiation patches are symmetrically disposed about a central axis of the first dielectric substrate along the Y-direction.
5. The reconfigurable transflector unit of claim 4, wherein the first X-polarized radiation patch is an E-shaped patch and the second X-polarized radiation patch is a rectangular patch.
6. The reconfigurable transflector unit of claim 1, wherein the transmissive patch comprises a first rectangular patch, a second rectangular patch, a first stepped patch, and a second stepped patch, the first rectangular patch and the second rectangular patch extending in a Y-direction, respectively, the first stepped patch and the second stepped patch extending in an X-direction, respectively, the first rectangular patch, the first stepped patch, the second rectangular patch, and the second stepped patch being sequentially connected and enclosed to form a transmissive cavity, and an opening in communication with the transmissive cavity.
7. The reconfigurable transflector unit according to any one of claims 1-6, further comprising an adhesive layer, a metal ground layer, and a bias line layer bonded between the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate by the adhesive layer, the bias line layer having a metal via, the bias line layer having three bias lines, two of the bias lines being connected to two of the diodes by the metal via, a bend line, respectively, and the other of the bias lines being connected to the metal ground layer.
8. The reconfigurable transflector unit of any of claims 1-6, further comprising metal posts extending through the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate to electrically connect the reflective patch and the transmissive patch.
9. A reconfigurable transflector array antenna comprising a feed source and an mxn transflector array comprising a plurality of reconfigurable transflector elements according to any one of claims 1-8, the mxn transflector array being disposed on one side of the feed source.
10. A vehicle, characterized by comprising: The control panel is integrated with an MxN control array formed by a plurality of control units and an MxN key array formed by a plurality of key units, wherein the control unit is used for generating control signals according to input direct-current voltage signals and outputting the control signals to the control panel; and the reconfigurable transflector array antenna of claim 9, wherein the mxn transflector array in the reconfigurable transflector array antenna is coupled to the mxn control array to receive the predetermined bias combinations to control the diode status of each reconfigurable transflector unit.

Description

Reconfigurable transflective unit, reconfigurable transflective array antenna, and vehicle Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a reconfigurable transparent and reflective unit, a reconfigurable transparent and reflective array antenna and a vehicle. Background With the advanced development of intelligent internet-connected vehicles (ICV) and autopilot technology, the vehicle-to-communication (V2X) and environmental awareness (e.g., radar) capabilities have raised unprecedented demands for integration, high performance, and miniaturization. An ideal intelligent automobile needs to be provided with an integrated radio frequency system capable of simultaneously completing 360-degree environment detection and high-speed data communication, so that the scheme of multi-sensor stacking (namely, discrete deployment of communication antennas, millimeter wave radars, laser radars and the like) which is commonly adopted at present is replaced, and the problems of complex system, high cost, high electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) challenges, limited vehicle appearance design and the like are solved. The reconfigurable transparent and reflective array antenna has the advantages of wide coverage, high gain, dynamic beam regulation and control and the like, can realize multi-area and long-distance coverage, can adjust the beam shape according to scene needs, improves the flexibility of connection and reduces path interference, and can potentially meet the severe and urgent requirements of a non-line-of-sight microwave propagation communication system, so that the reconfigurable transparent and reflective array antenna has high research and application values. Application of reconfigurable supersurfaces to vehicular scenarios aims to solve the above-mentioned system challenges, but itself also faces serious challenges. How to realize high-performance transmission and reflection dual-mode operation in a single shared aperture under severe vehicle-specific conditions (such as vibration and high and low temperature). This requires the cell structure to achieve high angle low loss beam scanning through limited active devices (e.g., one to two PIN diodes) within an extremely thin overall thickness and to strictly ensure high isolation between modes to avoid self-interference. In addition, the complex three-dimensional multilayer structure and the precision manufacturing and high reliability requirements of the active direct current bias network greatly increase the engineering landing difficulty and cost. Disclosure of Invention The invention mainly aims to provide a reconfigurable transflective unit, a reconfigurable transflective array antenna and a vehicle, and aims to solve the difficult problems of dual-mode high isolation and large-angle low-loss scanning in a severe vehicle-mounted environment. To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a reconfigurable transflector unit comprising: A first dielectric substrate; The device comprises a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, a reconfigurable transparent reflection unit, a feed source and a transmission mode, wherein the first dielectric substrate is arranged on the first dielectric substrate, the second dielectric substrate is arranged opposite to the first dielectric substrate along the Z direction, a transmission patch is arranged on one side, facing away from the first dielectric substrate, of the second dielectric substrate, a reflection patch electrically connected with the transmission patch is arranged on one side, facing away from the second dielectric substrate, of the first dielectric substrate, two diodes are arranged on the reflection patch, the reconfigurable transparent reflection unit can be switched between the reflection mode and the transmission mode by controlling the connection and disconnection of the two diodes, the reflection patch is used for reflecting incident X-polarized electromagnetic waves to the space where the feed source is located in the reflection mode, and the transmission patch is used for converting the incident X-polarized electromagnetic waves to Y-polarized electromagnetic waves and transmitting the Y-polarized electromagnetic waves to the space opposite to the feed source in the transmission mode. In one embodiment, the two diodes are a first diode and a second diode, respectively; The reflection patch comprises two first X-polarized radiation patches, wherein the two first X-polarized radiation patches are opposite along the X direction and are arranged at intervals of the first diode and the second diode; when the first diode and the second diode are both on or the first diode and the second diode are both off, the reconfigurable transflector unit is in a reflection mode; When the first diode is turned on, the second diode is turned off, or the first diode is turned off and the second diode is turned on, the reconfigurable transflector un