CN-121983905-A - Backboard voltage and current monitoring and protecting circuit

CN121983905ACN 121983905 ACN121983905 ACN 121983905ACN-121983905-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a backboard voltage and current monitoring and protecting circuit, which belongs to the technical field of power electronics, wherein a voltage and current acquisition module of the circuit is connected with each power supply of a backboard, and a communication interface is used for feeding back an MCU after voltage and current signals are acquired; the power control module is connected with the backboard power supply and the MCU and is controlled by the MCU to realize power on-off. The fan power supply control module is connected with the fan power supply end and the MCU and is used for controlling the on-off of the fan power supply by the MCU. The dual protection units are connected in series with the backboard power supply loop, the MCU presets voltage and current safety standards, and if the power supply parameters are judged to be over the safety range or the fan state is abnormal, the corresponding modules are respectively controlled to cut off power supply, so that the problems of poor monitoring precision, interference resistance, response speed, expansibility and data management of the traditional backboard are solved.

Inventors

HU KE
PAN JUAN

Assignees

西安睿控创合电子科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20251231

Claims (10)

1. The backboard voltage and current monitoring and protecting circuit is characterized by comprising a voltage and current acquisition module, an MCU module, a power supply control module, a fan state acquisition module, a fan power supply control module and a double protection unit; the voltage and current acquisition module is connected with each path of power supply of the backboard and used for acquiring voltage and current signals of the power supply, and the voltage and current acquisition module is in communication connection with the MCU module through a communication interface and feeds back acquisition signals to the MCU module; The power supply control module is respectively connected with each path of power supply of the backboard and the MCU module, and the MCU module controls the power supply control module to switch on and off each path of power supply of the backboard; The fan state acquisition module is connected with the state output end of the back plate fan and used for acquiring the working state of the fan, and the signal output end of the fan state acquisition module is connected with the MCU module and feeds back a fan state signal to the MCU module; the fan power supply control module is respectively connected with the power supply end of the backboard fan and the MCU module, and the MCU module controls the fan power supply control module to switch on and off the power supply of the fan; The double protection units are connected in series in a power supply loop of the backboard; The MCU module is preset with a voltage and current safety judgment standard and is used for receiving a feedback signal of the voltage and current acquisition module and judging according to the safety judgment standard, when a judgment result exceeds a safety range, the control module of the power supply is controlled to cut off a corresponding power supply, meanwhile, the MCU module receives the feedback signal of the fan state acquisition module, and when the fan state is judged to be abnormal, the control module of the fan power supply is controlled to cut off the power supply of the corresponding fan.
2. The back plate voltage and current monitoring and protecting circuit according to claim 1, wherein the communication interface between the voltage and current acquisition module and the MCU module is an I2C interface.
3. The backboard voltage and current monitoring and protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the voltage and current acquisition module is internally provided with an analog-to-digital conversion unit for converting acquired voltage and current analog signals into digital quantities and calculating real-time power, and the digital quantity signals and the real-time power signals are fed back to the MCU module.
4. The back plate voltage and current monitoring and protecting circuit according to claim 1, wherein the dual protection unit comprises a fast-fusing fuse and a MOSFET connected in series in a back plate power supply loop, a control end of the MOSFET is connected with an MCU module, and the MCU module controls the control end of the MOSFET to be turned on or off.
5. The backboard voltage and current monitoring and protecting circuit according to claim 1, wherein the power control module comprises a voltage and current power monitoring chip, the input end of the voltage and current power monitoring chip is connected with each path of power supply of the backboard, the signal output end of the voltage and current power monitoring chip is connected with the MCU module, the controlled end of the voltage and current power monitoring chip is connected in series in the backboard power supply loop, and the MCU module controls the on or off of the monitoring chip according to the detection signal transmitted by the monitoring chip.
6. The back plate voltage and current monitoring and protecting circuit according to claim 1, wherein the fan power supply control module comprises a power supply control chip with overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection and temperature protection functions, a power supply input end of the power supply control chip is connected with the fan power supply loop, a power supply output end is connected with the fan power supply end, and a control end is connected with the MCU module.
7. The back plate voltage and current monitoring and protecting circuit according to claim 1, wherein the fan state acquisition module comprises a filtering unit, an input end of the filtering unit is connected with a state output end of the fan, and an output end of the filtering unit is connected with the MCU module and is used for filtering a fan state signal and transmitting the fan state signal to the MCU module.
8. The back plate voltage and current monitoring and protecting circuit according to claim 1, wherein the MCU module processes the electrical parameter signal fed back by the voltage and current acquisition module and the fan state signal fed back by the fan state acquisition module in an interrupt manner.
9. The back plate voltage and current monitoring and protecting circuit according to claim 1, wherein the MCU module establishes communication connection with a main board corresponding to the back plate through a serial port, and is configured to transmit the collected electrical parameter signals and fan status signals to the main board.
10. A back-plane voltage and current monitoring and protection method, characterized in that a back-plane voltage and current monitoring and protection circuit as defined in any one of claims 1-9 is used, comprising the steps of: the voltage and current signals of each power supply of the backboard are collected through the voltage and current collection module, and the collected signals are transmitted to the MCU module in a communication mode; collecting working state signals of the back plate fan through a fan state collecting module, and transmitting the state signals to an MCU module; The MCU module judges the received voltage and current signals according to a preset voltage and current safety judgment standard, and simultaneously judges the abnormality of the received fan working state signals; When the MCU module judges that the working state of the fan is abnormal, the control module controls the fan power supply control module to cut off the power supply loop of the corresponding fan; in the whole power supply process of the backboard power supply, auxiliary protection is realized through a double protection unit connected in series in a power supply loop of the power supply.

Description

Backboard voltage and current monitoring and protecting circuit Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of power electronics, and particularly relates to a backboard voltage and current monitoring and protecting circuit. Background In the fields of power electronic equipment, communication base stations, industrial control systems and the like, the backboard is used as a core signal transmission and energy distribution carrier, and the real-time monitoring of the running state of the backboard directly relates to the reliability, stability and safety of the whole system. At present, a traditional discrete backboard monitoring scheme is commonly adopted in the industry, and acquisition and basic protection of key parameters such as backboard voltage and current are realized through discrete sampling resistors, analog sensors and a simple control circuit. However, as electronic systems evolve toward high density, high power, and high integration, the inherent drawbacks of conventional discrete monitoring schemes are increasingly prominent, and it has been difficult to meet the stringent requirements of modern systems for monitoring accuracy, anti-interference capability, response speed, scalability, and data traceability: The traditional scheme relies on components such as a discrete resistor, a capacitor and the like to construct a sampling circuit, the electrical characteristics of the components are easily influenced by environmental temperature change to generate drift, the sampling precision is continuously reduced in the long-term operation process, the actual working state of a backboard cannot be accurately reflected, and hidden danger is brought to system fault pre-judgment and accurate control; The anti-interference capability is weak, namely an analog sensor and a signal transmission link adopted in the scheme are extremely sensitive to external interference such as electromagnetic interference, power noise and the like, interference signals are easy to be superimposed into sampling data, so that a monitoring system is misjudged, and further misoperation and error protection of equipment are caused, and even the system is stopped in an unplanned manner when serious conditions exist; the fault response has delay, namely aiming at dangerous working conditions such as overcurrent, the traditional scheme needs to transmit an analog sampling signal to a system main control unit for operation judgment, and then issues a turn-off instruction, so that the whole signal transmission and processing flow has obvious delay, the instantaneous turn-off of the fault can not be realized, the fault can be enlarged, and a core power device is damaged; When the voltage and the current of multiple paths of backboard are required to be monitored, the traditional scheme needs to independently arrange a sampling circuit and a control branch for each path of parameters, so that the wiring complexity is exponentially increased, the hardware circuit structure is fixed, the backboard design of different topological structures is difficult to flexibly adapt, and the upgrading and compatibility capabilities of the system are greatly limited; The data lack of effective management, the traditional scheme can only realize basic parameter acquisition and simple control functions, no special data storage, display and traceability module is arranged, the acquired historical data cannot be reserved, data support cannot be provided for later system fault analysis and performance optimization, and the traceable management requirement of an industrial scene on the running state of equipment is difficult to meet. In summary, the defects of the conventional back panel monitoring scheme in terms of precision, anti-interference performance, response speed, expansibility, data management and the like have become key bottlenecks for restricting the improvement of the reliability of the modern electronic system, and a novel back panel monitoring technical scheme is needed to solve the technical problems. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the problems of poor monitoring precision, interference resistance, response speed, expansibility and data management of the traditional backboard, and provides a backboard voltage and current monitoring and protecting circuit. In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: in a first aspect, the invention provides a backboard voltage and current monitoring and protecting circuit, which comprises a voltage and current acquisition module, an MCU module, a power supply control module, a fan state acquisition module, a fan power supply control module and a double protection unit; The voltage and current acquisition module is connected with each path of power supply of the backboard and used for acquiring voltage and current signals of the power supply, and the voltage and current acquisition module is in communication connection wi