CN-121983992-A - Hydropower station power generation optimal control method and system

CN121983992ACN 121983992 ACN121983992 ACN 121983992ACN-121983992-A

Abstract

The application provides a hydropower station power generation optimal control method and a hydropower station power generation optimal control system, and relates to the technical field of power station optimal scheduling, wherein the method comprises the steps of collecting operation data of each generator set, energy storage data of an energy storage system and power grid data; the method comprises the steps of establishing a unit state model, inputting operation data of each generator unit into the unit state model to obtain residual frequency modulation capacity of each generator unit, calculating current power grid frequency modulation requirements based on power grid data, establishing a multi-target optimization model, solving the multi-target optimization model by adopting an optimization algorithm, outputting a target frequency modulation strategy and executing the multi-target optimization model. According to the application, the power grid frequency modulation requirement and the residual frequency modulation capacity of each unit are comprehensively considered in a multi-objective optimization mode, so that the reasonable distribution of frequency modulation tasks among a plurality of units is realized, the excessive calling of a single unit is reduced, the safety, the reliability and the long-term stability of the integral operation of the hydropower station are improved, and the method is particularly suitable for complex frequency modulation working conditions under the condition of high-proportion new energy access.

Inventors

GONG KE
YANG LIYONG
YANG WEIGUO
LIU ZHICHAO
PENG YI
QIU XIAOSONG
Zhou Rongpan

Assignees

华电西藏能源有限公司大古水电分公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260207

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a power generation optimizing control method of a hydropower station, which is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: collecting data, namely collecting operation data of each generator set, energy storage data of an energy storage system and power grid data, wherein the operation data comprises state data and hydraulic data, and the state data comprises active power, accumulated start-stop times, guide vane opening data and operation time; the residual frequency modulation capacity is calculated, namely a unit state model is built, and operation data of each generator unit is input into the unit state model to obtain the residual frequency modulation capacity of each generator unit; Calculating the frequency modulation demand, namely calculating the current power grid frequency modulation demand based on power grid data; The method comprises the steps of obtaining a frequency modulation strategy, namely constructing a multi-target optimization model, solving the multi-target optimization model by adopting an optimization algorithm based on energy storage data of an energy storage system, current power grid frequency modulation requirements and residual frequency modulation capacity of each generator set, and outputting the target frequency modulation strategy; and executing the frequency modulation strategy, namely executing the obtained target frequency modulation strategy.
2. The hydropower station power generation optimizing control method according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising, after the step of collecting data is performed, before the step of calculating remaining frequency modulation capacity is performed: the method comprises the following steps of constructing a unit operation fatigue index model, wherein the formula of the unit operation fatigue index model is as follows: ; Wherein, the Representation of Time of day (time) The fatigue index of the unit operation of the generator unit, Represents the equivalent fatigue coefficient of start-stop, Represent the first The accumulated start-stop times of the generator set, Representing the equivalent fatigue coefficient of the power variation, Represent the first Bench generator set The magnitude of the secondary active power change, Represents the equivalent fatigue coefficient of the change of the opening degree of the guide vane, Represent the first Bench generator set The magnitude of the opening of the secondary guide vane, Representing the equivalent fatigue coefficient of the operating time period, Represent the first And the operation time of the generator set.
3. The method of optimizing control of hydroelectric power generation according to claim 2, wherein the status data of the generator set further comprises an adjustment frequency, the adjustment frequency comprising an active power adjustment frequency and a guide vane opening adjustment frequency, and after the step of constructing the set operation fatigue index model is performed, before the step of calculating the remaining frequency modulation capability is performed, further comprising: optimizing a unit operation fatigue index model based on the adjusting frequency of the generator unit, and taking the optimized unit operation fatigue index model as a new unit operation fatigue index model; the formula of the optimized unit operation fatigue index is as follows: ; Wherein, the Represent the first The active power of the generator set adjusts the frequency, Represent the first The guide vane opening degree of the generator set is adjusted frequently.
4. The hydropower station power generation optimizing control method according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising, after the step of collecting data is performed, before the step of calculating remaining frequency modulation capacity is performed: The hydraulic transient risk model is constructed, wherein the calculation formula of the hydraulic transient risk model is as follows: ; Wherein the method comprises the steps of Representation of Time of day (time) The hydraulic transient risk index of the generator set, Represents the risk weight of the water head, Representation of Time of day (time) The water head risk factor of the generator set, , Representation of Time of day (time) The effective water head of the generator set, Represent the first The rated water head of the generator set, Represents the variation weight of the opening degree of the guide vane, Representation of Time of day (time) The guide vane of the generator set changes the risk factor, , Representation of Time of day (time) The guide vane opening data of the generator set, The time interval of the preset time period is indicated, Representing the weight of the power change, Representation of Time of day (time) The power variation risk factor of the generator set, , Representation of Time of day (time) The active power of the generator set, The weight of the pressure change is indicated, Representation of Time of day (time) The risk factor for the pressure change of the generator set, , Representation of Time of day (time) The pressure fluctuation amplitude of the water diversion system of the generator set, Represent the first The maximum value of pressure fluctuation of a preset diversion system of the generator set is set.
5. The hydropower station power generation optimizing control method according to claim 4, characterized by further comprising, after the step of collecting data is performed, before the step of constructing the hydraulic transient risk model is performed: acquiring unit data, namely acquiring real-time operation data of each generator unit; the current working condition is identified by constructing a working condition identification model, inputting real-time operation data of each generator set into the working condition identification model, and outputting the working condition label of each current generator set; and (3) obtaining an optimal weight, namely constructing a weight objective function, and solving the weight objective function by adopting an optimization algorithm based on the working condition labels of the current generator sets to obtain a target weight, wherein the target weight comprises a water head risk weight, a guide vane opening change weight, a power change weight and a pressure change weight.
6. The hydropower station power generation optimizing control method according to claim 1, wherein, The formula of the unit state model is as follows: ; Wherein, the Represent the first Maximum frequency modulation capability of the generator set, Representation of Time of day (time) The fatigue index of the unit operation of the generator unit, Representation of Time of day (time) Hydraulic transient risk index for a power generating set.
7. The optimal control method for hydropower station power generation according to claim 6, wherein in the step of calculating the remaining frequency modulation capacity, the remaining frequency modulation capacity includes a remaining up-frequency modulation capacity and a remaining down-frequency modulation capacity; the calculation formula of the residual frequency up-regulation capability is as follows: ; the calculation formula of the residual frequency down-regulation capability is as follows: ; Wherein, the Represent the first The rated maximum output power of the generator set, Represent the first And rated minimum output power of the generator set.
8. The hydropower station power generation optimization control method according to claim 1, wherein the grid data includes a grid frequency, a grid rated frequency, a grid load and a renewable resource power generation amount; The step of calculating the frequency modulation requirement comprises: calculating frequency deviation, namely acquiring real-time power grid frequency, calculating a difference value between the real-time power grid frequency and rated power grid frequency, and recording the obtained difference value as current power grid frequency deviation; The current frequency modulation demand is calculated by constructing a frequency modulation demand model, inputting the current power grid frequency deviation and power grid data into the frequency modulation demand model, and outputting the current power grid frequency modulation demand; The calculation formula of the frequency demand model is as follows: ; Wherein, the The frequency deviation weight coefficient is represented by a frequency deviation, Representation of The frequency deviation of the power grid at the moment, , Representation of The grid frequency at the moment in time, Representing the rated frequency of the power grid, Representing the frequency change rate weighting factor, Representing the power imbalance weight coefficient, , Representation of The grid load at the moment in time, , Representation of Renewable resource generating capacity at moment.
9. The hydropower station power generation optimizing control method according to claim 1, wherein the target frequency modulation strategy comprises target frequency modulation power of each generator set and target charge and discharge power of an energy storage system; the step of obtaining the frequency modulation strategy comprises the following steps: Constructing a multi-objective optimization model : ; Setting constraint conditions, wherein the constraint conditions comprise unit output constraint and energy storage system charge-discharge constraint, wherein the unit output constraint is that target frequency modulation power of a generator set is in the range of residual frequency modulation capacity of the generator set; solving variables, namely solving a multi-target optimization model by adopting an optimization algorithm to obtain a target frequency modulation strategy; Wherein, the Representing an objective function that minimizes the fatigue of the operation of the unit and the risk of hydraulic transients, Representing an objective function that maximizes the frequency tuning capability of the grid, Representing an objective function that maximizes energy storage system usage.
10. A hydropower station power generation optimizing control system, characterized in that the system is adapted for the method according to any one of claims 1-9, the system comprising: the system comprises a data acquisition module, a data acquisition module and a control module, wherein the data acquisition module is used for acquiring operation data of each generator set, energy storage data of an energy storage system and power grid data, wherein the operation data comprises state data and hydraulic data, and the state data comprises active power, accumulated start-stop times, guide vane opening data and operation time; the residual frequency modulation capacity calculating module is used for constructing a unit state model, and inputting the operation data of each generator unit into the unit state model to obtain the residual frequency modulation capacity of each generator unit; the frequency modulation demand calculating module is used for calculating the current frequency modulation demand of the power grid based on the power grid data; The frequency modulation strategy obtaining module is used for constructing a multi-target optimization model, solving the multi-target optimization model by adopting an optimization algorithm based on energy storage data of an energy storage system, current power grid frequency modulation requirements and residual frequency modulation capacity of each generator set, and outputting a target frequency modulation strategy; and the frequency modulation strategy executing module is used for executing the obtained target frequency modulation strategy.

Description

Hydropower station power generation optimal control method and system Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of power station optimal scheduling, in particular to a hydropower station power generation optimal control method and system. Background Along with the continuous improvement of permeability of renewable energy sources such as wind power, photovoltaic and the like in a power grid, the generated power of the renewable energy sources has obvious fluctuation and intermittence, and a serious challenge is brought to the stability of the frequency of the power grid. The hydroelectric generating set becomes an important resource for primary frequency modulation of the power grid due to the large-scale power support and adjustment flexibility of the hydroelectric generating set. However, the hydraulic power unit is limited by hydraulic inertia and mechanical inertia when dealing with high-frequency disturbance, response is delayed, and meanwhile, frequent adjustment of guide vanes or start-stop operation can accelerate mechanical abrasion, increase operation and maintenance cost and shorten equipment life, so that the overall economic benefit of the hydropower station is affected. The existing hydropower station power generation optimization control method mainly comprises a traditional scheduling strategy, a water storage joint frequency modulation strategy and a vibration area constraint method. The traditional scheduling strategy usually aims at generating capacity or equal micro-increment rate, the frequency modulation capacity of the unit is fixedly distributed, dynamic perception of real-time fatigue state and hydraulic transient risk of the unit is lacked, and the service life of the unit and the frequency modulation requirement of a power grid are difficult to be considered. The water storage combined frequency modulation method compensates response lag of the hydroelectric generating set by introducing an energy storage system, but the power distribution is mostly switched by adopting fixed proportion or logic, and prospective scheduling and dynamic optimization are lacked, so that the hydroelectric generating set is frequently called by small disturbance to increase abrasion, and the adjusting capability of the generating set can not be fully utilized when the disturbance is large. In the partial method, the vibration area and start-stop constraint of the unit are considered, and the risk of the unit is reduced by avoiding the vibration area or limiting the crossing times, but the method is mainly static constraint, the adjustment capacity is not quantized into the decayable resource for global dynamic optimization, and the real-time adaptability to the state change of the unit is also lacking. Therefore, the problems of excessively rapid wear of the unit, reduced efficiency and insufficient frequency modulation response still exist in the prior art under the conditions of high and new energy permeation and aggravated fluctuation of power grid frequency. Disclosure of Invention In order to overcome the defects, the application provides a hydropower station power generation optimal control method and a hydropower station power generation optimal control system. In a first aspect, the application provides a hydropower station power generation optimization control method, which adopts the following technical scheme: a hydropower station power generation optimization control method, the method comprising: collecting data, namely collecting operation data of each generator set, energy storage data of an energy storage system and power grid data, wherein the operation data comprises state data and hydraulic data, and the state data comprises active power, accumulated start-stop times, guide vane opening data and operation time; the residual frequency modulation capacity is calculated, namely a unit state model is built, and operation data of each generator unit is input into the unit state model to obtain the residual frequency modulation capacity of each generator unit; Calculating the frequency modulation demand, namely calculating the current power grid frequency modulation demand based on power grid data; The method comprises the steps of obtaining a frequency modulation strategy, namely constructing a multi-target optimization model, solving the multi-target optimization model by adopting an optimization algorithm based on energy storage data of an energy storage system, current power grid frequency modulation requirements and residual frequency modulation capacity of each generator set, and outputting the target frequency modulation strategy; and executing the frequency modulation strategy, namely executing the obtained target frequency modulation strategy. Optionally, after the step of collecting data is performed, before the step of calculating the remaining frequency modulation capability is performed, further comprising: the method comprises the following steps of const