CN-121984026-A - Power distribution network voltage optimization method and system for distributed resource joint regulation and control

CN121984026ACN 121984026 ACN121984026 ACN 121984026ACN-121984026-A

Abstract

The invention provides a power distribution network voltage optimization method and system for distributed resource joint regulation, which are characterized in that a three-level collaborative optimization framework of a planning decision layer, an optimal scheduling layer and a quick response layer is constructed, multiple kinds of resources such as a distributed power supply, an energy storage system and a flexible load are fused, voltage deviation, running cost and long-term investment cost are minimized as targets, and an improved whale migration algorithm integrating self-adaptive weight and Gaussian random walk strategy is adopted to efficiently solve the high-dimensional, non-convex and nonlinear optimization problems. According to the invention, through a result transmission and real-time feedback iteration mechanism between layers, cross-time scale coordination and full-time voltage accurate regulation of distributed resources are realized, the problems of slow response, easy sinking into local optimum and disjointing of planning and operation of a traditional centralized optimization method are effectively solved, and the operation safety, economy and new energy consumption capability of a power distribution network are improved.

Inventors

YE GAOXIANG
XIA FANGZHOU
YANG JIE
SHAO FEIFAN
WU CHANG

Assignees

国网湖北省电力有限公司经济技术研究院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20251128

Claims (10)

1. A power distribution network voltage optimization method for distributed resource joint regulation is characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: s1, constructing a three-level time scale power distribution network voltage optimization hierarchical structure, wherein the power distribution network voltage optimization hierarchical structure simultaneously considers a distributed power supply, energy storage and flexible load, and comprises a long-term planning decision layer, a short-term optimization scheduling layer and a quick response layer, wherein the long-term planning decision layer aims at minimizing long-term investment cost, running cost and voltage deviation, and the short-term optimization scheduling layer aims at minimizing running cost and voltage deviation; s2, optimizing the voltage of the power distribution network based on the power distribution network voltage optimization hierarchical structure, comprising the following steps: Formulating a configuration scheme of the distributed power supply and the energy storage based on a long-term planning decision layer; The short-term optimization scheduling layer formulates a short-term operation scheme of the power distribution network based on a configuration scheme of a distributed power supply and energy storage; The rapid response layer executes real-time control based on a power grid short-term operation scheme formulated by the short-term optimization scheduling layer, monitors voltage deviation in real time, and triggers the long-term planning decision layer and the short-term optimization scheduling layer to reform the scheme when the voltage deviation is over-limited.
2. The method for optimizing the voltage of the power distribution network by the joint regulation and control of distributed resources according to claim 1, wherein, The distributed power supply and energy storage configuration scheme and the power grid short-term operation scheme are obtained by solving an improved whale migration algorithm; The improved whale migration algorithm introduces self-adaptive weights into position updating in an exploration stage, and a position updating formula is as follows: ; ; In the above-mentioned method, the step of, 、 The positions of whales in the t+1st iteration and the t iteration are respectively, In order for the weights to be adaptive, For whale individual positions randomly selected from the current population, In order to explore the control coefficients, As the weight coefficient of the light-emitting diode, 、 Respectively the maximum value and the minimum value of the self-adaptive weight, t is the current iteration number, Is the maximum number of iterations.
3. A power distribution network voltage optimization method for distributed resource joint regulation according to claim 2, wherein, The improved whale migration algorithm adopts Gaussian random walk to adjust the position updating direction of partial whales gathered to the leading whale, and the updating formula is as follows: ; ; In the above-mentioned method, the step of, For the step-size control parameter, For a mean of 0 and a variance of Is a random disturbance of the gaussian distribution of (c), For the whale individual position with the optimal fitness in the current population, As the initial variance of the signal, Is a speed regulation factor.
4. A power distribution network voltage optimization method for distributed resource joint regulation according to claim 2, wherein, The improved whale migration algorithm adopts Logistic chaotic mapping to generate initial population positions: ; In the above-mentioned method, the step of, For the initial position of the j-th dimensional decision variable of the i-th whale, 、 The lower and upper limits of the j-th dimensional decision variable, Is chaos sequence in the first Output value of the step.
5. A power distribution network voltage optimization method for distributed resource joint regulation according to claim 2, wherein, In the improved whale migration algorithm, the fitness function is as follows: ; ; In the above-mentioned method, the step of, For solving vectors Is used for the adaptation value of the (a), For solving vectors Is set for the target function value of (c), In order to be a penalty factor, For solving vectors Is set to be a constraint violation total amount of (1), 、、、、 Respectively the voltage out-of-limit reverse-violation amount, the branch active power out-of-limit reverse-violation amount the reactive power out-of-limit counter-flow of the branch, the out-of-limit counter-flow of the energy storage SOC and the flexible load are reduced, As a set of total time periods, For a collection of nodes of a distribution network, For the actual voltage amplitude of node i during period t, 、 Respectively the upper and lower limits of the node voltage, For a collection of branches of a distribution network, 、 The active and reactive powers of the branches ij during the period t, 、 The active and reactive power maxima of the branches ij, To configure a set of nodes of an energy storage system, For the stored state of charge of node i during period t, 、 Respectively the upper limit and the lower limit of the energy storage charge state, The flexible load of node i during period t is reduced by an amount, The maximum compliant load allowed by node i during period t is reduced.
6. The method for optimizing the voltage of the power distribution network by the joint regulation and control of distributed resources according to claim 1, wherein, The model objective function of the long-term planning decision layer comprises: ; ; ; ; In the above-mentioned method, the step of, 、、 Respectively voltage deviation, operation cost and long-term investment cost, 、、 Respectively is 、、 Is used for the weight of the (c), + + =1 And >0.5, For the actual voltage amplitude of node i during period t, For the rated reference voltage of the distribution network, As a set of total time periods, For a collection of nodes of a distribution network, The cost of power generation for the distributed power supply for period t, The compensation cost is cut down for the unit flexible load, The flexible load of node i during period t is reduced by an amount, The unit charge-discharge loss cost of the energy storage system is, 、 Respectively the energy storage charging power and the discharging power of the node i in the period t, Investment costs are made for the distributed power units, For the installed capacity of the distributed power supply of node i, The unit annual operation and maintenance cost of the distributed power supply, For the service life of the distributed power supply, The investment cost is the unit of the energy storage system, For the maximum capacity of the energy storage system of node i, The operation and maintenance cost of the energy storage system per unit year, The service life of the energy storage system is prolonged; The constraint conditions comprise a tide constraint, a safe operation constraint, a distributed power supply operation constraint, an energy storage system operation constraint and a flexible load constraint.
7. The method for optimizing the voltage of the power distribution network by the joint regulation and control of distributed resources according to claim 1, wherein, The model objective function of the short-term optimized scheduling layer comprises: ; ; ; In the above-mentioned method, the step of, 、 Respectively voltage deviation and operation cost, 、 Respectively is 、 Is used for the weight of the (c), + =1, For the actual voltage amplitude of node i during period t, For the rated reference voltage of the distribution network, As a set of total time periods, For a collection of nodes of a distribution network, The cost of power generation for the distributed power supply for period t, The compensation cost is cut down for the unit flexible load, The flexible load of node i during period t is reduced by an amount, The unit charge-discharge loss cost of the energy storage system is, 、 Respectively storing energy storage charging power and discharging power of the node i in a period t; The constraint conditions comprise a tide constraint, a safe operation constraint, a distributed power supply operation constraint, an energy storage system operation constraint and a flexible load constraint.
8. A power distribution network voltage optimization system with distributed resource joint regulation and control is characterized in that, The system comprises a voltage optimization hierarchical structure construction module and a voltage optimization solving module; The voltage optimization hierarchical structure construction module is used for constructing a three-level time scale power distribution network voltage optimization hierarchical structure, the power distribution network voltage optimization hierarchical structure simultaneously considers distributed power sources, energy storage and flexible loads, the power distribution network voltage optimization hierarchical structure comprises a long-term planning decision layer, a short-term optimization scheduling layer and a quick response layer, the long-term planning decision layer aims at minimizing long-term investment cost, running cost and voltage deviation, and the short-term optimization scheduling layer aims at minimizing running cost and voltage deviation; The voltage optimization solving module is used for optimizing the voltage of the power distribution network based on the power distribution network voltage optimization hierarchical structure, and specifically comprises the following steps: Formulating a configuration scheme of the distributed power supply and the energy storage based on a long-term planning decision layer; The short-term optimization scheduling layer formulates a short-term operation scheme of the power distribution network based on a configuration scheme of a distributed power supply and energy storage; The rapid response layer executes real-time control based on a power grid short-term operation scheme formulated by the short-term optimization scheduling layer, monitors voltage deviation in real time, and triggers the long-term planning decision layer and the short-term optimization scheduling layer to reform the scheme when the voltage deviation is over-limited.
9. A distributed resource co-regulated power distribution network voltage optimization system as defined in claim 8, The distributed power supply and energy storage configuration scheme and the power grid short-term operation scheme are obtained by solving an improved whale migration algorithm; The improved whale migration algorithm introduces self-adaptive weights into position updating in an exploration stage, and a position updating formula is as follows: ; ; In the above-mentioned method, the step of, 、 The positions of whales in the t+1st iteration and the t iteration are respectively, In order for the weights to be adaptive, For whale individual positions randomly selected from the current population, In order to explore the control coefficients, As the weight coefficient of the light-emitting diode, 、 Respectively the maximum value and the minimum value of the self-adaptive weight, t is the current iteration number, The maximum iteration number; The improved whale migration algorithm adopts Gaussian random walk to adjust the position updating direction of partial whales gathered to the leading whale, and the updating formula is as follows: ; ; In the above-mentioned method, the step of, For the step-size control parameter, For a mean of 0 and a variance of Is a random disturbance of the gaussian distribution of (c), For the whale individual position with the optimal fitness in the current population, As the initial variance of the signal, Is a speed regulation factor.
10. A distributed resource co-regulated power distribution network voltage optimization system as defined in claim 8, The model objective function of the long-term planning decision layer comprises: ; ; ; ; In the above-mentioned method, the step of, 、、 Respectively voltage deviation, operation cost and long-term investment cost, 、、 Respectively is 、、 Is used for the weight of the (c), + + =1 And >0.5, For the actual voltage amplitude of node i during period t, For the rated reference voltage of the distribution network, As a set of total time periods, For a collection of nodes of a distribution network, The cost of power generation for the distributed power supply for period t, The compensation cost is cut down for the unit flexible load, The flexible load of node i during period t is reduced by an amount, The unit charge-discharge loss cost of the energy storage system is, 、 Respectively the energy storage charging power and the discharging power of the node i in the period t, Investment costs are made for the distributed power units, For the installed capacity of the distributed power supply of node i, The unit annual operation and maintenance cost of the distributed power supply, For the service life of the distributed power supply, The investment cost is the unit of the energy storage system, For the maximum capacity of the energy storage system of node i, The operation and maintenance cost of the energy storage system per unit year, The service life of the energy storage system is prolonged; The constraint conditions comprise power flow constraint, safe operation constraint, distributed power supply operation constraint, energy storage system operation constraint and flexible load constraint; The model objective function of the short-term optimized scheduling layer comprises: ; ; ; In the above-mentioned method, the step of, 、 Respectively voltage deviation and operation cost, 、 Respectively is 、 Is used for the weight of the (c), + =1, For the actual voltage amplitude of node i during period t, For the rated reference voltage of the distribution network, As a set of total time periods, For a collection of nodes of a distribution network, The cost of power generation for the distributed power supply for period t, The compensation cost is cut down for the unit flexible load, The flexible load of node i during period t is reduced by an amount, The unit charge-discharge loss cost of the energy storage system is, 、 Respectively storing energy storage charging power and discharging power of the node i in a period t; The constraint conditions comprise a tide constraint, a safe operation constraint, a distributed power supply operation constraint, an energy storage system operation constraint and a flexible load constraint.

Description

Power distribution network voltage optimization method and system for distributed resource joint regulation and control Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of power system power distribution network voltage control, and particularly relates to a power distribution network voltage optimization method and system for distributed resource joint regulation. Background With the rapid development of novel loads such as distributed photovoltaic, energy storage and electric automobiles, the problems of voltage fluctuation and low voltage of the power distribution network are increasingly outstanding. The traditional treatment means such as reactive compensation and transformer voltage regulation have the problems of slow response, limited regulation range and the like. The existing research is focused on single equipment or single time scale control, and a systematic optimization method for source, network, load and storage multi-resource coordination and multi-time scale coordination is lacked. Some existing reactive power configuration optimization methods adopt a scene-based double-layer planning model to perform site-selection, volume-fixation and operation optimization on a parallel capacitor (SC) and a static synchronous compensator (DSTATCOM). Although the interaction of planning and operation is considered, the method has the advantages that the model is complex, the solution depends on accurate power flow calculation and scene generation, reactive power optimization is usually treated as a relatively independent sub-problem, and the reactive power optimization and the active power scheduling cannot be subjected to deep fusion and real-time cooperation under a unified framework. In addition, the time granularity of the operation simulation is coarse, and an effective quick response mechanism is lacked for the problems of voltage sag and instantaneous out-of-limit which occur in the second level. In addition, in the existing multi-time scale optimization methods of power distribution networks, although a multi-layer optimization structure is constructed, the multi-time scale optimization methods are basically a layer-by-layer refined operation scheduling system, and the following three aspects are obviously limited: firstly, lack of depth consideration for long-term configuration planning of distributed resources, and planning and running relative fracturing; Secondly, interactions among all levels are mostly unidirectional instruction transmission of 'daily planning, intra-day tracking and real-time execution', and a reverse feedback and dynamic driving mechanism from a real-time control layer to a short-term scheduling layer and even to a long-term planning layer is lacked, so that the planning scheme is difficult to iteratively optimize according to the actual operation effect, and a closed loop cannot be formed; third, the real-time layer mainly focuses on the power balance of the minute level, and the sensing and supporting capacity of the second level voltage rapid fluctuation is limited. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a power distribution network voltage optimization method and system for distributed resource joint regulation. In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for optimizing voltage of a power distribution network by using distributed resource joint regulation, including: s1, constructing a three-level time scale power distribution network voltage optimization hierarchical structure, wherein the power distribution network voltage optimization hierarchical structure simultaneously considers a distributed power supply, energy storage and flexible load, and comprises a long-term planning decision layer, a short-term optimization scheduling layer and a quick response layer, wherein the long-term planning decision layer aims at minimizing long-term investment cost, running cost and voltage deviation, and the short-term optimization scheduling layer aims at minimizing running cost and voltage deviation; s2, optimizing the voltage of the power distribution network based on the power distribution network voltage optimization hierarchical structure, comprising the following steps: Formulating a configuration scheme of the distributed power supply and the energy storage based on a long-term planning decision layer; The short-term optimization scheduling layer formulates a short-term operation scheme of the power distribution network based on a configuration scheme of a distributed power supply and energy storage; The rapid response layer executes real-time control based on a power grid short-term operation scheme formulated by the short-term optimization scheduling layer, monitors voltage deviation in real time, and triggers the long-term planning decision layer and the short-term optimization schedulin