CN-121984049-A - Compressed air-pumped storage hybrid energy storage system and operation method thereof

CN121984049ACN 121984049 ACN121984049 ACN 121984049ACN-121984049-A

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of energy storage, and discloses a compressed air-pumped storage hybrid energy storage system and an operation method thereof, wherein the system comprises a high-pressure energy storage container, an upper reservoir, a lower reservoir, an air compression module, a heat energy storage module, a water pump, a water turbine and an air turbine generator set; the method comprises the steps of firstly compressing air to the pressure equivalent to the water head of an upper reservoir, collecting and storing heat generated by compression through a heat energy storage module, pressing water in a high-pressure energy storage container into the upper reservoir by compressed air, simultaneously opening a second connecting valve, starting a water pump module, pumping water in a lower reservoir into the upper reservoir, pumping water in the lower reservoir into the high-pressure energy storage container by the water pump module after the water in the high-pressure energy storage container is completely pressed into the upper reservoir, further compressing the air in the container, closing the connecting valve of the upper reservoir and the lower reservoir, and enabling an energy storage system to enter a stop state. The application has high energy storage density which is about 5 times higher than that of the traditional pumped storage system, and the occupation of land resources is greatly reduced.

Inventors

WANG YONG
LI CHENGHAO
ZHU GUANGQIANG
TIAN XIANGLU
YANG XIAOKUN

Assignees

中核武汉核电运行技术股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260109

Claims (10)

1. A compressed air-pumped storage hybrid energy storage system, comprising: The high-pressure energy storage container is used for storing compressed air and water; The upper reservoir is connected with the high-pressure energy storage container through a pipeline; The lower reservoir is connected with the high-pressure energy storage container through a pipeline and is connected with the upper reservoir through a pipeline; the air compression module is used for compressing air to the high-pressure energy storage container; the heat energy storage module is used for recovering heat generated in the compression process and recycling the heat in the energy release process; the water pump is used for pumping water from the lower reservoir into the high-pressure energy storage container; The water turbine is used for pushing water to be discharged from the high-pressure energy storage container by compressed air to generate electricity; The air turbine generator set is used for generating electricity by expanding compressed air.
2. The compressed air-pumped storage hybrid energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the high-pressure energy storage container is connected to the upper reservoir through a first pipeline, the high-pressure energy storage container is connected to the lower reservoir through a second pipeline, a first connecting valve is arranged on the second pipeline, the first connecting valve is connected to the water pump, the water pump is connected to the reservoir, the upper reservoir is connected to the lower reservoir through a third pipeline, a second connecting valve and a water turbine are arranged on the third pipeline, the water turbine is connected to the lower reservoir through a pipeline, and a pipeline between the reservoir connecting valve and the water turbine is connected to a pipeline between the first connecting valve and the water pump through another pipeline.
3. The compressed air pumped storage hybrid energy storage system of claim 2, wherein the number of high pressure energy storage vessels is 3,3 high pressure energy storage vessels are arranged in parallel.
4. The compressed air-pumped storage hybrid energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the air compression module is connected to the high pressure energy storage vessel via a conduit, and a third connecting valve is controlled on the conduit.
5. The compressed air-pumped storage hybrid energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the thermal energy storage module comprises a heat storage vessel, a cold storage vessel, a compressed heat storage heat exchanger, and an expansion heat release heat exchanger, the compressed heat storage heat exchanger is connected to the cold storage vessel by a conduit, the cold storage vessel is connected to the expansion heat release heat exchanger by a conduit, the compressed heat storage heat exchanger is connected to the heat storage vessel by a conduit, and the heat storage vessel is connected to the expansion heat release heat exchanger by a conduit.
6. The compressed air-pumped storage hybrid energy storage system of claim 5, wherein a compression heat storage pump is provided on a connecting pipe between the compression heat storage heat exchanger and the cold storage container, and an expansion heat release pump is provided on a connecting pipe between the heat storage container and the expansion heat release heat exchanger.
7. The compressed air-pumped storage hybrid energy storage system of claim 5, wherein the air compressor is coupled to a compressed heat storage heat exchanger and the air expander is coupled to an expansion heat release heat exchanger.
8. The compressed air-pumped storage hybrid energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the water turbine is mounted at the water inlet of the lower reservoir while receiving water flow from the upper reservoir and the high pressure energy storage vessel.
9. A method of operating a compressed air-pumped storage hybrid energy storage system, characterized in that a system according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is used, comprising the step of storing energy: The first stage, opening a connecting valve between the high-pressure energy storage container and the upper reservoir, opening a third connecting valve, starting an air compressor, compressing air to the pressure equivalent to the water head of the upper reservoir, collecting and storing heat generated by compression through a heat energy storage module, and pressing water in the high-pressure energy storage container into the upper reservoir by compressed air; The second stage, in which the second connecting valve is opened at the same time in the first stage, the water pump module is started, and the water in the lower reservoir is pumped into the upper reservoir; The third stage, after the water in the high-pressure energy storage container is completely pressed into the upper reservoir, closing a third connecting valve, closing a connecting valve between the high-pressure energy storage container and the upper reservoir, closing a second connecting valve, opening a first connecting valve, pumping the water in the lower reservoir into the high-pressure energy storage container by using a water pump module, and further compressing the air in the container; and in the fourth stage, a connecting valve of the upper reservoir and the lower reservoir is closed, and the energy storage system enters a stop state.
10. The method of operating a compressed air-pumped storage hybrid energy storage system of claim 9, further comprising the step of releasing energy: The first stage, opening a connecting pipeline between a high-pressure energy storage container and a lower reservoir, wherein air in the high-pressure energy storage container presses water in the high-pressure energy storage container out, and the water enters a water turbine to generate electricity and then is stored in the lower reservoir; The second stage is to open the second connecting valve at the same time, and the reclaimed water in the upper reservoir pushes the water turbine to generate electricity; Closing the first connecting valve, closing the second connecting valve, opening the connecting valve between the high-pressure energy storage container and the upper reservoir, opening the connecting valve between the air turbine module and the high-pressure energy storage container, extruding compressed air in the high-pressure container by water in the upper reservoir, transferring heat to the compressed air extruded by the high-pressure energy storage container by the heat energy storage module, and pushing the air turbine-generator set to generate electricity by utilizing compressed air expansion; and in the fourth stage, a connecting valve between the high-pressure energy storage container and the upper reservoir is closed, a connecting valve between the air turbine module and the high-pressure energy storage container is closed, and the energy release system enters a stop state.

Description

Compressed air-pumped storage hybrid energy storage system and operation method thereof Technical Field The application belongs to the technical field of energy storage, and particularly relates to a compressed air-pumped storage hybrid energy storage system and an operation method thereof. Background As the proportion of renewable energy sources in the power grid continues to increase, large-scale, high-efficiency energy storage technologies are becoming increasingly important. The existing energy storage technology mainly comprises pumped storage, compressed air energy storage, electrochemical energy storage and the like. Pumped storage is the most widely used large-scale energy storage technology at present, and water is pumped to a high-level reservoir when the electric load is low, so that electricity is generated by discharging water at the time of load peaks. Its advantages are mature technology, long service life and quick response, but high requirement to geographical condition and large occupied land. Compressed air energy storage stores energy through compressed air, but traditional compressed air energy storage systems operate in closed isovolumetric tanks, which can lead to lower system efficiency and complex control systems. At present, no technology is available for effectively combining the advantages of pumped storage and compressed air storage to realize a high-energy-density and high-efficiency hybrid energy storage system. Disclosure of Invention The application aims to provide a compressed air-pumped storage hybrid energy storage system and an operation method thereof, which combine the advantages of compressed air energy storage and pumped storage, and can realize high energy density, high efficiency and flexible energy storage and release. In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical solutions: in a first aspect, the present application provides a compressed air-pumped-storage hybrid energy storage system comprising: The high-pressure energy storage container is used for storing compressed air and water; The upper reservoir is connected with the high-pressure energy storage container through a pipeline; The lower reservoir is connected with the high-pressure energy storage container through a pipeline and is connected with the upper reservoir through a pipeline; the air compression module is used for compressing air to the high-pressure energy storage container; the heat energy storage module is used for recovering heat generated in the compression process and recycling the heat in the energy release process; the water pump is used for pumping water from the lower reservoir into the high-pressure energy storage container; The water turbine is used for pushing water to be discharged from the high-pressure energy storage container by compressed air to generate electricity; The air turbine generator set is used for generating electricity by expanding compressed air. As an implementation mode, the high-pressure energy storage container is connected with the upper reservoir through a first pipeline, the high-pressure energy storage container is connected with the lower reservoir through a second pipeline, a first connecting valve is arranged on the second pipeline and connected with the water pump, the water pump is connected with the lower reservoir through a third pipeline, a second connecting valve and a water turbine are arranged on the third pipeline and connected with the lower reservoir through a pipeline, and a pipeline between the reservoir connecting valve and the water turbine is connected with a pipeline between the first connecting valve and the water pump through another pipeline. As an embodiment, the number of high-pressure energy storage vessels is 3,3 high-pressure energy storage vessels are arranged in parallel. As an implementation manner, the air compression module is connected with the high-pressure energy storage container through a pipeline, and a third connecting valve on the pipeline is controlled. As an embodiment, the thermal energy storage module comprises a heat storage container, a cold storage container, a compressed heat storage heat exchanger and an expansion heat release heat exchanger, the compressed heat storage heat exchanger is connected with the cold storage container through a pipeline, the cold storage container is connected with the expansion heat release heat exchanger through a pipeline, the compressed heat storage heat exchanger is connected with the heat storage container through a pipeline, and the heat storage container is connected with the expansion heat release heat exchanger through a pipeline. As an implementation manner, a compression heat storage pump is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the compression heat storage heat exchanger and the cold storage container, and an expansion heat release pump is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the heat storage container and the ex