CN-121984152-A - Ammonia-hydrogen fuel cell power generation device and method suitable for offshore wind turbine power generation

CN121984152ACN 121984152 ACN121984152 ACN 121984152ACN-121984152-A

Abstract

The invention relates to an ammonia-hydrogen fuel cell power generation device and method suitable for offshore wind turbines for standby power, wherein the device comprises an ammonia-hydrogen fuel power generation unit, a power conversion and control unit, a high-rate discharge unit and an energy storage converter, wherein the power conversion and control unit comprises a DC-DC constant current boosting module, an energy storage converter and an inverter, the DC-DC voltage reduction module and a controller, the input end of the DC-DC constant current boosting module is connected with the ammonia-hydrogen fuel power generation unit, the output end of the energy storage converter is connected with a wind turbine yaw system of the offshore wind turbine, the input end of the inverter is connected with the output end of the ammonia-hydrogen fuel power generation unit, the output end of the inverter is connected with a UPS unit of the offshore wind turbine, and the input end of the high-rate discharge unit is connected with the DC-DC constant current boosting module. The thermal runaway risk under the high-temperature and high-humidity environment is avoided or reduced, and simultaneously ammonia hydrogen is used as fuel, so that the whole power generation process has zero carbon emission, and the development of green energy is met.

Inventors

CHEN CHONGQI
LIN CHENG
LIN LI
LUO YU
JIANG LILONG
WANG DABIAO
ZHANG QING

Assignees

福大紫金氢能科技股份有限公司
福州大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260108

Claims (10)

1. An ammonia hydrogen fuel cell power generation device suitable for offshore wind turbine standby power, which is characterized by comprising: the ammonia hydrogen fuel power generation unit is used for decomposing ammonia fuel to obtain hydrogen and generating power through the hydrogen; The power conversion and control unit comprises a DC-DC constant current boosting module, an energy storage converter, an inverter, a DC-DC voltage reduction module and a controller, wherein the input end of the DC-DC constant current boosting module is connected with the ammonia hydrogen fuel power generation unit, the output end of the energy storage converter is connected with a fan yaw system of an offshore fan, the input end of the DC-DC voltage reduction module is connected with the output end of the ammonia hydrogen fuel power generation unit, the output end of the DC-DC voltage reduction module is connected with the controller, the input end of the inverter is connected with the output end of the ammonia hydrogen fuel power generation unit, the output end of the inverter is connected with a UPS unit of the offshore fan, and the controller is in communication connection with the energy storage converter, the UPS unit of the offshore fan, the inverter, the DC-DC constant current boosting module and the ammonia hydrogen fuel power generation unit; The high-rate discharge unit is characterized in that the input end of the high-rate discharge unit is connected with the DC-DC constant current boosting module, and the output end of the high-rate discharge unit is connected with the input end of the energy storage converter.
2. The ammonia hydrogen fuel cell power generation device suitable for offshore wind turbine power generation according to claim 1, wherein the high-rate discharge unit is a super capacitor module or a high-rate lithium ion power.
3. The ammonia hydrogen fuel cell power generation device suitable for offshore wind turbine power generation according to claim 1, wherein the controller comprises a CAN communication module, an RS485 communication module, a LAN communication module and a wireless communication module.
4. The ammonia hydrogen fuel cell power plant suitable for offshore wind turbine generation of claim 1, wherein the ammonia hydrogen fuel power unit comprises: an ammonia storage device for storing liquid ammonia; A fuel supply and management system connected to the ammonia storage device, the fuel supply and management system for outputting liquid ammonia from the ammonia storage device; The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production device is connected with the fuel supply and management system and is used for decomposing ammonia into nitrogen and hydrogen; the fuel cell pile is connected with the ammonia decomposition hydrogen production device and is used for generating direct current through chemical reaction of decomposed hydrogen and oxygen; And the lithium battery is connected to the fuel cell stack.
5. The ammonia-hydrogen fuel cell power generation device suitable for offshore wind turbine backup according to claim 4, wherein the controller is further configured to shut down the ammonia-hydrogen fuel power generation unit, disconnect the inverter output, and disconnect the DC-DC constant current boost module output when detecting that the offshore wind turbine ac grid is supplying power normally.
6. The ammonia hydrogen fuel cell power plant suitable for offshore wind turbine generation of claim 5, wherein the power conversion and control unit further comprises: the input end of the charger is connected with a fan alternating current power grid of the offshore fan through an energy storage converter or a single live wire, the output end of the charger is connected with a lithium battery of the ammonia hydrogen fuel power generation unit, and the control end of the charger is connected with the controller; The controller is also used for collecting the electric quantity of the lithium battery when detecting that the fan alternating current power grid of the offshore wind turbine is normally powered, and controlling the charger to charge the lithium battery according to the electric quantity of the lithium battery.
7. The ammonia hydrogen fuel cell power generation device suitable for offshore wind turbine power generation according to claim 1, wherein the input end of the energy storage converter is connected with a wind turbine alternating current power grid of the offshore wind turbine, and the output end of the energy storage converter is connected with a high-rate discharge unit; the controller is also used for charging the high-rate discharge unit with preset power through the energy storage converter when the DC-DC constant current boosting module is disconnected to supply power to the high-rate discharge unit.
8. The ammonia hydrogen fuel cell power generation device suitable for offshore wind turbine standby power according to claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to start the ammonia hydrogen fuel power generation unit and close the DC-DC constant current boost module to supplement power for the high-power generation unit when detecting that the ac power grid of the offshore wind turbine is powered off and receiving the yaw activation command, and set working parameters of the energy storage converter, so that the high-power generation unit drives the yaw system of the offshore wind turbine through the energy storage converter.
9. The ammonia hydrogen fuel cell power generation device suitable for offshore wind turbine backup according to claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to start the ammonia hydrogen fuel power generation unit and control the inverter to output when detecting normal power supply of the wind turbine ac power grid of the offshore wind turbine and receiving a UPS system power supplementing command, and continuously supplement power to the UPS system of the offshore wind turbine.
10. An ammonia hydrogen fuel cell power generation method suitable for offshore wind turbine power generation, characterized in that the method is applied to the ammonia hydrogen fuel cell power generation device suitable for offshore wind turbine power generation according to any one of claims 1-9, and the method comprises the following steps: The controller detects the power supply state of a fan alternating current power grid of the offshore wind turbine; when the fan alternating-current power grid supplies power normally, the ammonia-hydrogen fuel power generation unit is turned off, the output of the inverter is disconnected, the output of the DC-DC constant-current boosting module is disconnected, the electric quantity of a lithium battery in the ammonia-hydrogen fuel power generation unit is monitored, and a charger is controlled to charge the lithium battery according to the electric quantity of the lithium battery; when the alternating current power grid of the fan is disconnected from power supply, judging whether a yaw activating instruction is received; if a yaw activating instruction is received, starting an ammonia hydrogen fuel power generation unit and a closed DC-DC constant current boosting module to supplement energy for the high-rate power generation unit, setting working parameters of an energy storage converter, enabling the high-rate power generation unit to drive a fan yaw system of the offshore wind turbine through the energy storage converter, and then judging whether a UPS energy supplementing instruction is received; if the yaw activating instruction is not received, judging whether a UPS energy supplementing instruction is received; and when judging that the UPS energy supplementing instruction is received, starting the ammonia hydrogen fuel power generation unit and controlling the output of the inverter to continuously supplement energy for the UPS system of the offshore wind turbine.

Description

Ammonia-hydrogen fuel cell power generation device and method suitable for offshore wind turbine power generation Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to an ammonia hydrogen fuel cell power generation device and method suitable for offshore wind turbines to prepare electricity. Background Offshore wind power is an important clean energy source, and stable operation is important. However, the offshore environment is severe (such as typhoons, high salt and high humidity), the power grid may lose electricity, and a standby power supply is required to supply power to a main control system, a safety system and a yaw system of the fan at this time so as to ensure that the fan is safely stopped or adjust the posture to reduce the load. According to market research, a master control system and a safety system of the fan are initially confirmed to be powered by UPS, the power requirement is generally 3-5kW, the power supply voltage is 230Vac and continuous power supply is needed, the power requirement of a yaw system is generally 60-95 kW, the power supply voltage is 400Vac and intermittent power supply can be achieved, the daily power consumption in a windy season is generally 150kWh, the electric quantity required by single yaw is about 0.5kWh, and the maximum electric quantity is not more than 4kWh. At present, the main flow fan backup power supply scheme has the following remarkable pain points: The lithium battery energy storage system has high energy density, but has great potential safety hazards of thermal runaway and even fire explosion under the conditions of high temperature, high humidity and sunlight insolation on an offshore platform. In addition, the capacity density of 0.15kWh/kg of the lithium iron phosphate battery core is calculated, about 400kWh of lithium electricity is needed for 1 typhoon to prepare according to 2 days of standby electricity, the weight of the corresponding battery core is about 2.6T, the weight of parts such as a shell and the like is considered to reach more than 3.5T, the requirement on the bearing structure of the offshore wind turbine platform is high, the lifting is difficult to carry out by utilizing a tower crane carried by the wind turbine platform, and the difficulty and the cost of installation and maintenance are increased. The diesel generator set has mature technology and stable power output, but is not suitable for application scenes with frequent power mutation if corresponding energy storage or load is not available, and pollutants such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and the like can be generated in the operation process. At the same time, storage and transportation of diesel is also relatively inconvenient on offshore platforms and there is a risk of fuel leakage. The prior mixed system, such as patent CN217486228U (an offshore wind generating set anti-backup power system), discloses a scheme of adopting a diesel generator to be matched with an online UPS. Although the scheme can prolong the power supply time, the scheme is not basically free from the dependence on fossil fuel, and the starting reliability and maintainability of the diesel generator under extreme weather such as typhoons are still challenges. Disclosure of Invention In view of the problems, the application provides an ammonia hydrogen fuel cell power generation device and method suitable for offshore wind turbines to prepare electricity, and solves the problems that potential safety hazards are large due to the adoption of a large-capacity lithium battery scheme in the existing offshore wind turbine preparation technology, and carbon emission is high and noise is large due to the adoption of a diesel generator scheme. To achieve the above object, the present inventors provide an ammonia hydrogen fuel cell power generation device suitable for offshore wind turbine power generation, comprising: the ammonia hydrogen fuel power generation unit is used for decomposing ammonia fuel to obtain hydrogen and generating power through the hydrogen; The power conversion and control unit comprises a DC-DC constant current boosting module, an energy storage converter, an inverter, a DC-DC voltage reduction module and a controller, wherein the input end of the DC-DC constant current boosting module is connected with the ammonia hydrogen fuel power generation unit, the output end of the energy storage converter is connected with a fan yaw system of an offshore fan, the input end of the DC-DC voltage reduction module is connected with the output end of the ammonia hydrogen fuel power generation unit, the output end of the DC-DC voltage reduction module is connected with the controller, the input end of the inverter is connected with the output end of the ammonia hydrogen fuel power generation unit, the output end of the inverter is connected with a UPS unit of the offshore fan, and the controller is in communication connection with the energ