CN-121984178-A - Intelligent battery charging control method

CN121984178ACN 121984178 ACN121984178 ACN 121984178ACN-121984178-A

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent battery charging control method, which relates to the technical field of intelligent battery charging, and comprises the following steps of extracting time continuous characteristics of gradient mutation according to a thermal response dynamic mapping surface, generating an electrochemical polarization direction evolution track, constructing a polarization mutation recognition template, calculating the deviation rate of an electron migration path relative to an ideal conductive path, establishing an electron channel correction function, adjusting charging current density of a mutation area in a segmented mode by utilizing the correction function, weakening local potential reversal by adopting a buffer type current control strategy, constructing a layered energy distribution mechanism according to the coupling relation of a polarization direction and a temperature response, and carrying out regional control on charging power. According to the invention, accurate identification and dynamic regulation of polarization directions are realized by constructing a thermal response dynamic mapping surface, local potential reversal and electron aggregation are prevented in advance, energy input and thermal diffusion balance are realized by layered energy distribution and regional power control, and the charging safety and the service life of the battery cell are improved.

Inventors

ZHANG YIHE
ZHANG XIANG
HUANG ZHENGQING
AI WEI
HUANG GENGWEN
QIU CHUANGMING

Assignees

深圳市博海粤能科技开发有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260206

Claims (10)

1. The intelligent battery charging control method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: Acquiring temperature field real-time distribution signals of the battery core in the charging process, acquiring temperature data of different positions of the battery core through a multi-point thermal sensing array, calculating a temperature gradient change rate curve, and constructing a thermal response dynamic mapping surface based on the temperature gradient change rate curve; Step two, extracting time continuous characteristics of a temperature gradient mutation region according to a thermal response dynamic mapping surface, generating an electrochemical polarization direction evolution track in the mutation region, and constructing a polarization mutation recognition template by utilizing the polarization direction evolution track; Step three, dynamically tracking an electron migration path in the battery core based on the polarization mutation recognition template, calculating the deviation rate of the electron migration path relative to an ideal conductive path, and establishing an electron channel correction function according to the deviation rate; step four, the charging current density in the abrupt region is adjusted in a sectional way by utilizing an electronic channel correction function, and a buffer type current control strategy is adopted to weaken the local potential reversal trend; and fifthly, constructing a layered energy distribution mechanism based on a stable coupling relation between the polarization direction and the temperature response, and carrying out regional control on charging power input.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of constructing the thermal response dynamic map based on the temperature gradient change rate curve comprises: a multi-point thermal sensing array is arranged on different azimuth planes of the outer shell of the battery cell, adjacent structural layers of the inner pole piece and a region close to the end part of the electrode, and temperature data of different positions are collected to form a multi-point temperature distribution set; Continuously comparing the temperature changes between adjacent heat sensing points, calculating a temperature gradient change rate curve, and establishing continuous difference change records in a time sequence; Mapping and combining the spatial positions of the temperature gradient change rates in all directions in the three-dimensional structure of the battery cell to construct a thermal response dynamic mapping surface with spatial continuity and time evolution; And carrying out feature extraction and space calibration on the thermal response dynamic mapping surface, determining the positions of a peak region, a slope abrupt change region and a temperature gradient intersection region, and establishing a space coordinate basis for identifying the electrochemical polarization direction corresponding to electrode arrangement.
3. The method for intelligently controlling battery charging according to claim 2, wherein the step of constructing the polarization mutation recognition template by using the polarization direction evolution track comprises the steps of: Carrying out point-by-point analysis on the temperature gradient distribution of different areas on the thermal response dynamic mapping surface, identifying the area where the temperature gradient shows abrupt change trend in time, and continuously recording gradient change tracks of the corresponding area in a plurality of time periods to form a time continuous characteristic; the space coordinates of the abrupt change region are corresponding to the temperature gradient directions at different time points, the temperature gradient directions are used as initial judgment basis of the polarization directions, an electrochemical polarization direction evolution track is generated, and a continuously-changing direction curve is formed in the space coordinates; Superposing a plurality of polarization direction evolution tracks under the same space coordinate system, extracting the starting point, the end point, the deflection angle, the bending form and the direction recovery process of the polarization direction evolution tracks, and constructing a polarization mutation recognition template containing time and space characteristics.
4. The intelligent battery charging control method according to claim 3, wherein the polarization direction evolution track recorded in the polarization mutation recognition template comprises a time start-stop range, a space deflection direction, a track bending amplitude and a direction recovery process, and the thermal response dynamic mapping surface generated in real time is compared with the polarization mutation recognition template in the charging process, and when the polarization direction evolution track is matched with the polarization mutation recognition template, the corresponding region is judged to be in a polarization mutation state or about to generate a polarization mutation.
5. A battery intelligent charge control method according to claim 3, wherein the step of establishing an electronic channel correction function based on the deviation rate comprises: After the polarization mutation recognition template is established, carrying out real-time dynamic tracking on an electron migration path in a conductive path area inside the battery cell, and recording the change rule of potential difference among potential sensing nodes along with time to form a dynamic evolution graph of the electron migration path; the dynamic evolution graph of the electron migration path is spatially compared with an ideal conductive path of the battery cell, the deviation direction and the deviation rate of the electron migration path are determined, and the change trend of the deviation rate in the time dimension is continuously recorded; And establishing an electronic channel correction function according to the deviation rate distribution result, performing guide correction on the screened first deviation rate region, and forming a potential gentle transition zone.
6. The method for intelligent battery charging control according to claim 5, wherein when the electronic channel correction function performs guide correction on the screened first deviation rate region, the current density distribution between the abrupt region and the transition region is controlled in a layered manner based on the potential gradient change direction to form a potential gentle transition zone, wherein the first deviation rate region refers to a local conductive region in which an included angle between the electron flow direction and an ideal conductive path exceeds a preset path included angle threshold value and a spatial offset distance is greater than an average offset of adjacent regions in a dynamic evolution diagram of the electron transfer path.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the step of adjusting the charge current density in the abrupt region in segments using the electronic channel correction function comprises: After the correction function of the electronic channel is determined, dividing a temperature gradient abrupt change area into a central abrupt change main area, a guide transition area and a peripheral stable area according to the intensity and the direction of the guide correction of the electronic flow, and respectively adjusting the current density of each area; after the current is subjected to sectional adjustment, aiming at the energy input difference between the central abrupt change main region and the guiding transition region, a buffer type current control strategy is adopted to control the rising rate and the falling rate of the current; continuously monitoring the change trend of the temperature gradient direction and the electron flow direction, and performing coupling balance adjustment according to the change of the included angle between the temperature gradient direction and the electron flow direction.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein in the buffer type current control strategy, the current rising rate and the current falling rate are dynamically adjusted according to the real-time change of the temperature gradient change rate in the abrupt region, and when the included angle between the temperature gradient direction and the electron current guiding direction is smaller than the preset temperature electric included angle threshold value, the normal current density is gradually recovered.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of constructing a layered energy distribution mechanism based on a stable coupling relationship between the polarization direction and the temperature response, and performing regional control on the charging power input comprises: After the polarization direction and the temperature response form a stable coupling relation, dividing the battery cell into a high thermal gradient layer, a medium thermal gradient layer and a low thermal gradient layer according to the internal temperature distribution characteristics of the battery cell, and establishing a corresponding relation between the energy input capacity and the heat release capacity for each layer; Carrying out regional power distribution control according to the thermal response capability and polarization stability of each layer, so that the power input of the high thermal gradient layer is limited, the medium thermal gradient layer is balanced, and the power input of the low thermal gradient layer is enhanced; On the basis of regional power distribution, dynamic matching of energy input and thermal diffusion is carried out by continuously adjusting the power input rate of each layer, and the polarization direction is kept consistent with the thermal response direction; After power distribution and dynamic regulation are stabilized, the internal energy flow is optimized by the energy absorption balancing process.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the power input of the high thermal gradient layer is limited by extending the power input interval and shortening the duration input time during the zoned power distribution control, the medium thermal gradient layer maintains stable power input, and the low thermal gradient layer is enhanced by increasing the power input in a heat dissipation state.

Description

Intelligent battery charging control method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent battery charging, in particular to an intelligent battery charging control method. Background The intelligent battery charging control refers to dynamically determining the charging stage of the battery through real-time acquisition and comprehensive judgment of multidimensional operation states such as voltage, current, temperature, internal resistance, aging degree and the like in the whole battery charging process, and adaptively adjusting the charging strategy according to the charging stage. The core mechanism is to break the traditional constant-current constant-voltage fixed charging mode, continuously monitor the response characteristics of the battery, such as temperature rise rate, polarization intensity, energy absorption efficiency, cyclic attenuation signs and the like, and once the charging pressure rise, activity decline or internal heat imbalance trend is detected, the charging current is actively reduced, the buffer time is prolonged so as to inhibit risks of overheat, lithium precipitation, swelling and the like, and when the battery shows good energy absorption capacity, the charging rate is moderately improved so as to improve the efficiency. The closed-loop control of continuous sensing, continuous judging and continuous adjusting ensures that the battery is always in the most matched energy input state, and realizes the efficient, safe and long-service-life charging process. The prior art has the following defects: In the battery charging process, when the battery core is in a region with severe temperature gradient change, the electrode polarization direction is extremely easy to be suddenly changed, so that the transient disturbance of the electron migration path is caused. The existing charging control strategy is mainly based on the whole temperature average value, so that accurate response to micro-region potential reversal caused by abrupt change of the polarization direction is difficult, and electrons are reversely gathered in a local region to form a transient internal short-circuit channel. This phenomenon is externally manifested as microsecond fluctuations in charging current and abnormal rebound in voltage, while the internal nature is an imbalance in the electrochemical reaction interface. When such transient internal short circuit occurs for multiple times in the high-energy density battery cell, the electrode material degradation is accelerated, the thermal stress concentration is induced, and finally the thermal runaway or breakdown failure of the battery can be possibly caused, so that the charging safety and the service life of the battery cell are affected. The above information disclosed in the background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the disclosure and therefore it may include information that does not form the prior art that is already known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide an intelligent battery charging control method for solving the problems in the background technology. In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a battery intelligent charging control method, which comprises the following steps: acquiring temperature field real-time distribution signals of an electric core in a charging process, acquiring temperature data of different positions of the electric core through a multi-point thermal induction array, calculating a temperature gradient change rate curve, and constructing a thermal response dynamic mapping surface based on the temperature gradient change rate curve for establishing a space coordinate basis for identifying an electrochemical polarization direction; step two, extracting time continuous characteristics of a temperature gradient mutation region according to a thermal response dynamic mapping surface, generating an electrochemical polarization direction evolution track in the mutation region, and constructing a polarization mutation recognition template by utilizing the polarization direction evolution track for dynamic characteristic analysis of a subsequent electron migration path; Step three, dynamically tracking an electron migration path in the battery core based on a polarization mutation recognition template, calculating the deviation rate of the electron migration path relative to an ideal conductive path, and establishing an electron channel correction function according to the deviation rate to enable electron flow to form balanced guidance in a temperature gradient mutation area, so that the phenomenon of electron migration disorder is eliminated; Step four, the charging current density in the abrupt region is adjusted in a sectional manner by utilizing an electronic channel correction function, and a buffer type current control strategy is adopted to weaken local potential reversal trend, so t