CN-121984191-A - Energy storage module of accurate pressure regulating constant current

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy storage module capable of accurately regulating voltage and constant current, and belongs to the technical field of power electronics and energy storage. The module comprises an energy storage device module and a modulation protection module. The modulation protection module forms a hybrid modulation circuit by connecting the linear voltage regulation of the semiconductor switching device and the forward voltage drop of the diode in series, and realizes continuous and dynamic control of the output voltage and the charging current of the energy storage module together. The invention solves the problem that the existing battery module can only be controlled on-off and cannot efficiently and accurately regulate voltage and constant current, remarkably improves the power processing capacity and the system reliability, and can be widely applied to aviation ground power supplies, airborne storage batteries and occasions needing power buffering.

Inventors

• DING ZHIBO

Assignees

• 保定市明远通信技术有限公司
• 丁智博

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20260202

Claims (10)

1. 1. An energy storage module of accurate pressure regulating constant current, characterized by comprising: The energy storage device module is formed by connecting battery monomers or super capacitor monomers in series and parallel; the modulation protection module is connected to the energy storage device module; The modulation protection module comprises a power part and a driving part, wherein the power part comprises at least one pair of semiconductor switching tubes and a body diode or an external parallel diode thereof, the driving part is configured to output a continuously adjustable analog driving signal so as to control the semiconductor switching tubes to work in a linear region to generate a controllable voltage drop, meanwhile, the body diode of the pair of tubes is conducted through controlling the turn-off state of the pair of tubes to form a fixed forward voltage drop, the controllable voltage drop and the fixed voltage drop are superposed to modulate an output voltage in a discharge loop, and a charging current is superposed to be modulated in a charging loop.
2. 2. The energy storage module of claim 1, wherein the modulation protection module comprises a power portion and a drive portion, The power part adopts at least one semiconductor switching device in MOSFET, BJT, IGBT, HEMT or thyristors to design a pair of tubes; The driving section is configured to output a continuously adjustable analog driving signal to control the semiconductor switching device to operate in an off-linear-on region.
3. 3. The energy storage module of claim 2, wherein the driving portion includes a feedback modulation circuit including an ADC, an MCU, an amplifier, and a semiconductor switching device for dynamically adjusting a driving voltage or current of the semiconductor switching device according to an output voltage or current feedback.
4. 4. The energy storage module of claim 2, wherein the power section further comprises an external parallel diode for improved stability under reverse current conditions and providing forward voltage drop modulation.
5. 5. The energy storage module of claim 1, further comprising an auxiliary charging module that charges the energy storage device module after boosting a bus voltage when a charging voltage of the energy storage device module is higher than the bus voltage.
6. 6. The energy storage module of claim 1, wherein the control logic of the modulation protection module comprises: When the bus is provided with power supply equipment to work, a table look-up method is adopted to control the output voltage of the energy storage module to be not more than the bus voltage; When the bus power supply equipment does not work or the power supply voltage is reduced, the closed loop PID is adopted to control the output voltage; And when the energy storage device module is charged by taking electricity from the bus, current limiting closed-loop control is performed.
7. 7. The energy storage module of claim 1, wherein the energy storage module is used in an aviation ground power supply, an energy storage ground power supply, a ground dead-change power supply, a vehicle starting power supply, or an on-board battery.
8. 8. The energy storage module of claim 1, wherein the modulation protection module is configured to, upon discharge modulation: When the difference between the energy storage device module voltage and the maximum value of the set output voltage is smaller than the forward voltage drop of the diode, only the linear voltage regulation of the discharge switch tube is used; when the difference is larger than the diode forward voltage drop, the linear voltage regulation of the discharging switch tube and the forward voltage drop of the charging switch tube diode are simultaneously used.
9. 9. The energy storage module of claim 1, wherein the energy storage device module comprises at least a string of not less than 9 strings of lithium iron phosphate batteries, a string of not less than 8 strings of ternary lithium batteries, a string of not less than 8 strings of ternary sodium batteries, a string of not less than 12 strings of lithium titanate batteries, or a string of not less than 12 strings of supercapacitors.
10. 10. The energy storage module of claim 1, wherein the modulation protection module further comprises a thermal management device comprising a temperature sensor, and wherein the MCU of the modulation protection module is further configured to dynamically adjust a maximum allowable output current to control the junction temperature of the semiconductor switching device within a safe range based on data of the temperature sensor and the estimated modulation power consumption.

Description

Energy storage module of accurate pressure regulating constant current Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of power electronics and energy storage, and particularly relates to an energy storage module capable of accurately regulating voltage and constant current. Background At present, a novel energy storage protection circuit such as a lithium ion battery, a sodium ion battery and a super capacitor only performs on-off control on charging and discharging, the output voltage of an energy storage device is the input voltage of a module, and the charging current is charged by an external charger in a constant-current voltage-limiting manner. As shown in fig. 1, a typical protection circuit is shown as a schematic diagram and an on-off equivalent circuit. The traditional batteries such as lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries and the like do not need a protection circuit, and the battery voltage is output voltage, namely, the full-conduction state is shown in the schematic diagram. For applications requiring precise control of the output voltage, the prior art typically employs a separate linear regulator (LDO) or switching regulator. However, the direct application of the LDO to the battery module has serious challenges that the battery voltage varies widely with the SOC and the load, so that the LDO has large pressure difference, high power consumption, difficulty in processing large-current application and low system efficiency and reliability. If the switching regulator is adopted, although the efficiency is higher, the problems of large electromagnetic interference, large output voltage ripple, slow dynamic response and the like exist, and the complexity and the cost of the system are increased. Therefore, the existing control method of the battery module can only control the on and off of the charge and discharge of the battery module, or is difficult to realize balance in efficiency, cost, volume and precision, and cannot control the charge and discharge voltage and current of the battery module efficiently, accurately and reliably. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an energy storage module capable of accurately regulating voltage and constant current, which comprises: The energy storage device module is formed by connecting battery monomers or super capacitor monomers in series and parallel; The power part comprises at least one pair of semiconductor switching tubes and a body diode or an external parallel diode thereof, the driving part is configured to output continuously adjustable analog driving signals so as to control the semiconductor switching tubes to work in a linear region to generate controllable voltage drops, the body diode of the pair of tubes is conducted through control of the turn-off state of the pair of tubes to form fixed forward voltage drops, the controllable voltage drops and the fixed voltage drops are superposed to modulate output voltage in a discharge loop, and charging currents are superposed to modulate charging currents in a charging loop. The semiconductor switching tube and its body diode may be replaced by a pair of semiconductor switching tubes without body diode and an external parallel diode. If the linear voltage regulation is not performed, the semiconductor switching tube and the body diode thereof can be replaced by a relay parallel diode. Wherein the modulation protection module comprises a power part and a driving part, The power part adopts at least one semiconductor switching device in MOSFET, BJT, IGBT, HEMT or thyristors to design a pair of tubes; The driving section is configured to output a continuously adjustable analog driving signal to control the semiconductor switching device to operate in an off-linear-on region. Wherein the power section further comprises an external parallel diode for improving stability and providing forward voltage drop modulation under reverse current conditions. The module further comprises an auxiliary charging module, and when the charging voltage of the energy storage device module is higher than the bus voltage, the auxiliary charging module boosts the bus voltage and then charges the energy storage device module. Wherein, the control logic of the modulation protection module comprises: When the bus is provided with power supply equipment to work, a table look-up method is adopted to control the output voltage of the energy storage module to be not more than the bus voltage; When the bus power supply equipment does not work or the power supply voltage is reduced, the closed loop PID is adopted to control the output voltage; And when the energy storage device module is charged by taking electricity from the bus, current limiting closed-loop control is performed. The control logic is realized based on the MCU, the ADC and the feedback circuit in the driving part, and dynamically adjusts the driving signal of the