CN-121984245-A - Strong-disturbance-rejection, low-energy-consumption and FIT-type magnetic suspension flywheel battery structure for electric tractor and control method thereof

CN121984245ACN 121984245 ACN121984245 ACN 121984245ACN-121984245-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a strong disturbance rejection, low energy consumption and FIT type magnetic suspension flywheel battery structure for an electric tractor and a control method thereof, wherein the battery structure comprises a composite flywheel rotor, an FIT type five-degree-of-freedom hybrid magnetic bearing, a motor and a protective shell; the composite flywheel rotor consists of a metal material hub and a composite material rim nested outside, wherein the FIT type five-freedom hybrid magnetic bearing comprises an I type radial magnetic bearing, an F type axial magnetic bearing, a T type torsion magnetic bearing, a non-interference magnetic circuit shared permanent magnet, a magnetism isolating sleeve and a magnetism isolating aluminum ring group, the upper side and the lower side of the metal material hub are respectively provided with a cavity, the FIT type five-freedom hybrid magnetic bearing is installed in the upper cavity in a clearance FIT manner and is coaxially arranged with the metal material hub, and the motor is installed in the lower cavity in an interference FIT manner. The invention can obviously improve the anti-interference performance of the flywheel battery under the on-board condition of the electric tractor, reduce the energy consumption, realize the lightweight design of the flywheel battery and improve the energy utilization rate.

Inventors

ZHANG WEIYU
WANG SHUO
DING SHIHONG
ZHENG SHIQIANG
DIAO XIAOYAN
XIANG QIANWEN

Assignees

江苏大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260211

Claims (10)

1. The high-noise-immunity, low-energy-consumption and FIT-type magnetic suspension flywheel battery structure for the electric tractor is characterized by comprising a composite flywheel rotor (1), wherein the composite flywheel rotor (1) is composed of a metal material hub (11) and a composite material rim nested outside, a cavity is respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the metal material hub (11), a FIT-type five-degree-of-freedom hybrid magnetic bearing (2) is arranged in the upper cavity in a clearance FIT mode, a motor (4) is arranged in the lower cavity in an interference FIT mode, and the FIT-type five-degree-of-freedom hybrid magnetic bearing (2) and the metal material hub (11) are coaxially arranged.
2. The high-noise-immunity, low-energy-consumption and FIT-type magnetic suspension flywheel battery structure for the electric tractor, according to claim 1, is characterized in that the FIT-type five-degree-of-freedom hybrid magnetic bearing (2) is composed of an I-type radial magnetic bearing (21), an F-type axial magnetic bearing (22), a T-type torsion magnetic bearing (23), a non-noise magnetic circuit shared permanent magnet (213), a magnetism isolating sleeve (5) and a magnetism isolating aluminum ring (6), the I-type radial magnetic bearing (21) and the T-type torsion magnetic bearing (23) are nested outside the magnetism isolating sleeve (5), the I-type radial magnetic bearing (21) and the T-type torsion magnetic bearing (23) are distributed up and down, a non-noise magnetic circuit shared permanent magnet (213) is arranged between the I-type radial magnetic bearing and the T-type torsion magnetic bearing, the non-noise magnetic circuit shared permanent magnet (213) is nested with the magnetism isolating sleeve (5), the non-noise magnetic circuit shared permanent magnet (213) is nested outside the magnetism isolating aluminum ring (6), and the F-type axial magnetic bearing (22) is nested inside the magnetism isolating sleeve (5).
3. The high-noise-immunity, low-energy-consumption and FIT-type magnetic suspension flywheel battery structure for an electric tractor according to claim 2, wherein the F-shaped axial magnetic bearing (22) consists of an axial stator (221), an axial electromagnetic coil (222) and an axial annular permanent magnet (223), the axial stator (221) is in a hollow double-ring sleeve shape, the axial electromagnetic coil (222) is wound inside the axial stator (221), and the axial permanent magnet (223) is arranged on the lower side of an outer ring of the axial stator (221).
4. The high-immunity, low-energy-consumption and FIT-type magnetic suspension flywheel battery structure for the electric tractor according to claim 2, wherein the I-type radial magnetic bearing (21) is composed of a radial stator (211) and three radial electromagnetic coils (212), the three radial electromagnetic coils (212) are respectively wound on three magnetic poles of the radial stator (211), and the three magnetic poles adopt a cambered surface body structure.
5. The high immunity, low energy consumption, FIT type magnetic levitation flywheel battery structure for electric tractors according to claim 2, characterized in that the T-shaped torsion magnetic bearing (23) is composed of one torsion stator (231) and three torsion electromagnetic coils (232), the three torsion electromagnetic coils (232) being wound on the three torsion magnets of the torsion stator (231), respectively.
6. The high immunity, low energy consumption, FIT type magnetic suspension flywheel battery structure for electric tractors according to claim 2, characterized in that the I-type radial magnetic bearing (21) leaves a working air gap between the radial direction and the metal material hub (11), and the F-type axial magnetic bearing (22) and the T-type torsion magnetic bearing (23) leave a working air gap between the axial direction and the metal material hub (11).
7. The high-immunity, low-energy-consumption and FIT-type magnetic suspension flywheel battery structure for the electric tractor, according to claim 1, wherein the composite material wheel rims are formed by nesting three layers of composite materials with different materials in an interference mode, the innermost layer is a single-layer glass fiber (12), the middle layer is a single-layer T700 carbon fiber (13), and the outermost layer is a single-layer T800 carbon fiber (14).
8. The high-noise-immunity, low-energy-consumption and FIT-type magnetic suspension flywheel battery structure for the electric tractor, which is disclosed by claim 1, is characterized by further comprising a protective shell (3), wherein the protective shell (3) is integrally formed by a top cover (31), an upper end cover (33), an anti-impact shell (36) and a lower end cover (35), the middle position of the upper end cover (33) is connected with the FIT-type five-degree-of-freedom hybrid magnetic bearing (2) through an upper end cover connecting frame (24), and a boss is arranged at the middle position of the lower end cover (35) and used for supporting a motor (4).
9. The high-noise-immunity, low-energy-consumption and FIT-type magnetic suspension flywheel battery structure for the electric tractor, which is disclosed in claim 8, is characterized in that a plurality of groups of triangular reinforcing ribs (34) made of aluminum alloy are designed on the outer surface of the anti-impact shell (36), spiral shallow channels are formed in the inner wall of the anti-impact shell (36), aluminum strips made of high-heat-conductivity materials are paved in the channels, a plurality of radiating fins (32) made of aluminum alloy are arranged on the upper surface of the upper end cover (33), and the radiating fins (32) are alternately arranged and penetrate through the upper end cover (33).
10. A control method based on the strong disturbance rejection, low energy consumption, FIT-type magnetic suspension flywheel battery structure for an electric tractor according to any one of claims 1-9, which is characterized in that: under the non-operation idle working condition, the biasing magnetic flux of the FIT type five-degree-of-freedom hybrid magnetic bearing (2) provides rigidity in the radial direction and the axial direction, so that the stable operation of the flywheel rotor is maintained; under the road transportation working condition, the stable operation of the flywheel rotor is maintained by the bias magnetic flux of the FIT type five-degree-of-freedom hybrid magnetic bearing (2) and the radial pre-compression stress provided by the composite flywheel rotor (1); Under the field light-load working condition, the electric tractor jointly acts with the bias magnetic flux, the I-type radial control magnetic flux and the F-type axial control magnetic flux of the FIT type five-degree-of-freedom hybrid magnetic bearing (2) to realize the balance of energy consumption and disturbance rejection performance; Under the working condition of heavy load in the field, the biasing magnetic flux and the control magnetic flux of the FIT type five-degree-of-freedom hybrid magnetic bearing (2) jointly act to ensure that the flywheel rotor is always in a stable suspension state.

Description

Strong-disturbance-rejection, low-energy-consumption and FIT-type magnetic suspension flywheel battery structure for electric tractor and control method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of flywheel energy storage, in particular to a strong disturbance rejection, low energy consumption and FIT type magnetic suspension flywheel battery structure for an electric tractor and a control method thereof. Background Flywheel batteries are a novel energy storage technology capable of realizing bidirectional conversion from mechanical energy to electric energy. Compared with the traditional chemical battery, the flywheel battery is a preferred energy storage technology which is suitable for the characteristics of large power fluctuation, complex operation working condition and the like of the electric tractor by virtue of the technical characteristics of high power density, high charge and discharge response speed, long service life and strong environmental adaptability. Flywheel battery is used as a novel physical battery with wide development prospect, is limited by partial technology at present, and mainly has the following problems in the aspects of strong noise immunity, low energy consumption, energy storage and the like: In the aspect of strong disturbance rejection, the magnetic suspension flywheel battery in the prior art has insufficient disturbance rejection performance, the electric tractor needs to face broadband vibration and jolt impact during field operation, and can lead to severe fluctuation of load power when working condition switching such as ploughing, rotary tillage and transportation is carried out, but the existing magnetic suspension flywheel battery structure does not carry out disturbance rejection design aiming at the working condition characteristics, the suspension rigidity and damping matching of a magnetic bearing are poor, the mutual disturbance of translational motion and deflection suspension of a rotor is easy to occur, and the reliability and the service life of the system operation are greatly reduced. In addition, when the prior art is used for coping with external impact interference, the energy generated by impact disturbance is absorbed by adopting a mode of increasing the number of layers of the shell, however, the problem of dissipation of external impact energy is not fundamentally solved by simply relying on the thickening design of the number of layers superposition, the internal heat dissipation efficiency of the flywheel energy storage device is greatly reduced, the stable operation of core components such as a magnetic bearing and a motor is further influenced, and meanwhile, the manufacturing cost and the overall weight of the device are doubly increased. In the prior art, the hybrid magnetic bearings in the flywheel energy storage device mostly adopt a control mode of simultaneous operation, and when aiming at different impact effects, the single control mode is adopted, so that the magnetic bearings can adjust and control current at high frequency, the energy consumption of the system is increased, and the high-frequency eddy current loss is caused. In addition, in the prior art, the magnetic bearing structure design often adopts a plurality of permanent magnets with different functions, so that the size is larger, the structure is complicated, and the multi-degree-of-freedom magnetic bearing can generate coupling effects with different degrees on a control magnetic path, so that the complexity of a control mode is further increased. In the aspect of energy storage, in the prior art, a main body of a flywheel rotor is mostly of a single metal material structure, and the structural design is limited by lower limit rotation speed, so that the energy storage capacity of the flywheel energy storage device is not high, and the design is easily limited by conditions such as vehicle-mounted installation space, weight and the like, and the energy storage capacity cannot be improved by greatly increasing the volume of the rotor. Meanwhile, the energy storage energy which is actually available is further reduced due to larger loss in the energy conversion process, and the peak power compensation and high-power operation requirements of agricultural machinery equipment are difficult to meet. In summary, in the prior art, when designing a vehicle-mounted flywheel energy storage device, especially for agricultural machinery equipment under a high-power operation condition, multiple aspects of consideration are lacking, and multiple advantages are difficult to realize. Therefore, there is a need for a magnetic levitation flywheel battery for an electric tractor that has strong noise immunity and low power consumption characteristics. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to overcome the defects of poor immunity and high energy consumption of a magnetic suspension flywheel battery for an electric tractor in the prior art, and provides a st