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CN-121984261-A - Motor cooling structure and oil-cooled motor

CN121984261ACN 121984261 ACN121984261 ACN 121984261ACN-121984261-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of motor cooling, and particularly relates to a motor cooling structure and an oil-cooled motor, wherein the motor cooling structure comprises a rotating shaft, a rotor bracket sleeved on the rotating shaft and a rotor iron core sleeved on the rotor bracket; the rotor support is provided with a plurality of rotor oil channels, the rotor oil channels are communicated with the oil throwing holes, a rotor oil outlet channel for cooling oil to flow out is formed between the inner peripheral wall of a rotor iron core and the outer peripheral wall of the rotor support, the rotor and the rotor support synchronously rotate, low-temperature cooling oil sequentially flows through the middle holes, the oil throwing holes, the rotor oil channels and the rotor oil outlet channel under the action of centrifugal force, the cooling oil is thrown to the front end part and the rear end part of a motor winding for cooling under the action of the high-speed centrifugal force of the rotor, and meanwhile, the rotor oil outlet channel is in direct contact with the inner wall of the rotor iron core, so that the heat of the rotor iron core can be directly taken away, and the temperature rise of a permanent magnet is ensured to be lower than a limit value.

Inventors

  • LIU HAITAO
  • HU LIANG
  • LI ZHIXIN
  • SHI WENBO
  • LUO YINGLU
  • CUI LONG
  • LI GANG
  • SHEN LONGLONG
  • LIU YUE

Assignees

  • 中车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20241031

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A motor cooling structure, characterized by comprising: The rotating shaft (1), the rotating shaft (1) is provided with a middle hole (11) and a plurality of oil throwing holes (12) penetrating through the side wall of the rotating shaft (1); the rotor oil-throwing device comprises a rotor support (2) sleeved on a rotating shaft (1), wherein a plurality of rotor oil channels (21) are formed in the rotor support (2), the rotor oil channels (21) are communicated with oil-throwing holes (12), a rotor iron core (3) sleeved on the rotor support (2), a rotor oil-discharging channel for cooling oil to flow out is formed between the inner peripheral wall of the rotor iron core (3) and the outer peripheral wall of the rotor support (2), and the rotating shaft (1) and the rotor support (2) synchronously rotate, so that low-temperature cooling oil sequentially flows through a middle hole (11), the oil-throwing holes (12), the rotor oil channels (21) and the rotor oil-discharging channel under the action of centrifugal force.
  2. 2. The motor cooling structure according to claim 1, wherein two ends of the outer peripheral wall of the rotor bracket (2) are respectively provided with a first limiting member (22) and a second limiting member (23), the first limiting member (22) and the second limiting member (23) are respectively provided with a first radial oil outlet (222) and a second radial oil outlet (231), and the first radial oil outlet (222) and the second radial oil outlet (231) are respectively communicated with two ends of the rotor oil outlet channel.
  3. 3. The motor cooling structure according to claim 2, wherein the first limiting member (22) is an arc key, an integral limiting step (221) is provided on the inner side of the arc key, a key groove (24) is provided at one end of the rotor support (2), and the first limiting member (22) is assembled in the key groove (24) through the limiting step (221).
  4. 4. The motor cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the plurality of oil slinger holes (12) and the plurality of oil passages are each radially distributed along the rotating shaft (1).
  5. 5. The motor cooling structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a housing (4), a stator core (5) and an oil supply module, wherein an oil inlet (41), an oil return port (42) and an oil outlet (43) are provided on the housing (4), an oil inlet oil passage (44) and an oil return oil passage (45) are provided in the housing (4), a stator oil passage is provided in the stator core (5), and the oil supply module circulates cooling oil to flow through the oil inlet (41), the oil inlet oil passage (44), the stator oil passage, the oil return port (42), the oil return oil passage (45) and the oil outlet (43) in this order.
  6. 6. The motor cooling structure according to claim 5, characterized in that one end of the oil inlet (41) is communicated with the oil inlet channel (44), the other end of the oil inlet (41) is connected with an outlet of the oil supply module through a pipeline, two ends of the oil return port (42) are respectively communicated with the oil return channel (45) and an inner cavity of the housing (4), and two ends of the oil outlet (43) are respectively connected with the oil return channel (45) and an inlet of the oil supply module through a pipeline.
  7. 7. The motor cooling structure according to claim 6, wherein the oil inlet passage (44) is divided into two wavy passages, the two wavy passages are communicated in the middle of the housing (4), at least one oil inlet (41) is connected to the outer end of each wavy passage, at least two oil return ports (42) are correspondingly arranged, the stator oil passage comprises an arc-shaped oil groove (51) and a plurality of oil spray holes (52) penetrating through two ends of the stator core (5) and distributed annularly, each oil spray hole (52) is communicated with the arc-shaped oil groove (51), the arc-shaped oil groove (51) is communicated with the oil inlet passage (44), and the oil spray holes (52) at two ends of the stator core (5) are respectively opposite to two ends of the motor winding (7).
  8. 8. The motor cooling structure according to claim 7, characterized in that the oil return passage (45) is also divided into two wavy passages, and the oil return passage (45) is smaller than the coverage of the oil intake passage (44) in the circumferential direction.
  9. 9. The motor cooling structure according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the oil supply module includes an oil pump (61) and a controller (62) electrically connected to the oil pump (61), the controller (62) being configured to adjust an output power of the oil pump (61) to control a flow rate of cooling oil.
  10. 10. An oil-cooled electric machine comprising the electric machine cooling structure of any one of claims 1-9.

Description

Motor cooling structure and oil-cooled motor Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of motor cooling, and particularly relates to a motor cooling structure and an oil-cooled motor. Background The hub motor is a popular development direction in the field of new energy automobile motors at present, and the distributed direct-drive mode has the characteristics of high efficiency, space saving, easiness in control, low cost and modularization. But the wheel space is limited, the design of the hub motor is very compact, so that the motor faces a serious heat dissipation problem, the motor performance is seriously affected by poor heat dissipation of the motor, and even serious accidents such as motor burning and the like occur. The main heat dissipation structure of the hub motor at present comprises water cooling and oil cooling, the water cooling heat dissipation mode dissipates heat through a water cooling channel on the motor shell, however, the heat source inside the motor needs to be transferred to the outside layer by layer through materials, the heat resistance is large, the severe heat dissipation requirement of the hub motor cannot be met, and the oil cooling heat dissipation mode can directly contact the heat source inside the motor to take away the heat, so that the hub motor has higher heat dissipation efficiency. In the existing cooling scheme of oil cooling heat dissipation on the winding end, the winding is of a single oil spraying cooling structure, the heat dissipation efficiency is low, meanwhile, the temperature is too high due to poor heat dissipation of the permanent magnet of the hub motor, risks such as loss of magnetism possibly exist, the performance of the motor is influenced, even the motor is scrapped, and the cooling of the permanent magnet is also very important. The hub motor has different operation conditions in the operation process, the motor heats differently, the required cooling oil amount is also different, the rotor oil stirring loss caused by large oil amount cooling during high-speed operation is large, the motor efficiency is reduced, and the reasonable oil supply under different operation states of the hub motor is realized, so that the hub motor has important significance for improving the motor efficiency. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a motor cooling structure and an oil-cooled motor, wherein a rotor core cooling oil way is independently designed, so that the heat dissipation effect of a rotor core is improved, and the temperature of a permanent magnet is ensured to be lower than a limit value. The invention provides a motor cooling structure and a motor, comprising: the rotating shaft is provided with a middle hole and a plurality of oil throwing holes penetrating through the side wall of the rotating shaft; The rotor oil-cooling device comprises a rotor support sleeved on the rotating shaft, a rotor iron core sleeved on the rotor support, a rotor oil outlet channel and a rotor oil outlet channel, wherein the rotor oil channels are formed in the rotor support and are communicated with the oil throwing holes, the rotor oil outlet channel is formed between the inner peripheral wall of the rotor iron core and the outer peripheral wall of the rotor support, and the rotating shaft and the rotor support synchronously rotate to enable low-temperature cooling oil to sequentially flow through the middle holes, the oil throwing holes, the rotor oil channels and the rotor oil outlet channel under the action of centrifugal force. Optionally, two ends of the outer peripheral wall of the rotor support are respectively provided with a first limiting part and a second limiting part, the first limiting part and the second limiting part are respectively provided with a first radial oil outlet and a second radial oil outlet, and the first radial oil outlet and the second radial oil outlet are respectively communicated with two ends of the rotor oil outlet channel. Optionally, the first limiting part is an arc key, an integrated limiting step is arranged on the inner side of the arc key, a key groove is formed in one end of the rotor support, and the first limiting part is assembled in the key groove through the limiting step. Optionally, the oil throwing holes and the oil channels are radially distributed along the rotating shaft. Optionally, the motor cooling structure further comprises a shell, a stator core and an oil supply module, wherein an oil inlet, an oil return opening and an oil outlet are formed in the shell, an oil inlet duct and an oil return duct are formed in the shell, a stator oil channel is formed in the stator core, and the oil supply module enables cooling oil to circularly flow through the oil inlet, the oil inlet duct, the stator oil channel, the oil return opening, the oil return duct and the oil outlet in sequence. Optionally, one end of the oil inlet is communicated with the oil i