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CN-121984400-A - DC brushless motor rotating speed control device

CN121984400ACN 121984400 ACN121984400 ACN 121984400ACN-121984400-A

Abstract

The application provides a direct current brushless motor rotating speed control device, and relates to the technical field of direct current brushless motor rotating speed control. The application adopts a sensorless vector control algorithm, and the rotor position and the rotating speed are estimated in real time by collecting phase current and phase voltage signals of the motor stator winding and combining a motor mathematical model, so that a Hall sensor or a photoelectric encoder is not required to be additionally arranged, the motor structure is simplified, the production cost is reduced, the signal distortion problem of the sensor in a severe environment is avoided, and the motor is superior to the traditional open loop control and Hall sensor closed loop control scheme.

Inventors

  • ZENG XIZHEN

Assignees

  • 微泰半导体(深圳)有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260206

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The direct current brushless motor rotating speed control device is characterized by comprising a packaging shell, wherein a power module, a sampling module, a control module, a driving module and a protection module are arranged in the packaging shell; The power supply module is used for converting the external input voltage into working voltage required by the control module and the driving module; the sampling module is used for collecting phase current signals, bus voltage signals and winding temperature signals of the DC brushless motor; The control module receives the signal output by the sampling module, estimates the rotor position and the rotating speed through a sensorless vector control algorithm, and generates a PWM driving signal by combining with a self-adaptive PID regulation algorithm; The driving module receives the PWM driving signal output by the control module, amplifies the PWM driving signal and drives the DC brushless motor to operate; the protection module realizes overcurrent, overvoltage, undervoltage, overheat and locked rotor protection according to the signals acquired by the sampling module.
  2. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the power module includes an EMI filter circuit, a rectifying filter circuit, a DC-DC step-down circuit, and a voltage stabilizing circuit; the EMI filter circuit is used for inhibiting external electromagnetic interference, the rectification filter circuit converts alternating current input into direct current voltage, the DC-DC voltage reduction circuit converts high-voltage direct current voltage into a plurality of groups of low-voltage direct current voltage, and the voltage stabilizing circuit realizes voltage stable output.
  3. 3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the sampling module comprises a current sampling unit, a voltage sampling unit and a temperature sampling unit; The current sampling unit adopts a series shunt resistor, the voltage sampling unit adopts a voltage dividing resistor network, and the temperature sampling unit adopts an NTC thermistor or a PT100 platinum resistor.
  4. 4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the sensorless vector control algorithm is based on a motor stator flux linkage observation model, and the conversion between a two-phase stationary coordinate system and a two-phase rotating coordinate system of stator current is realized through Clark conversion and Park conversion, and the rotor position and the rotation speed are estimated by combining a sliding mode observer.
  5. 5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the adaptive PID adjustment algorithm dynamically adjusts the proportional coefficient, the integral coefficient, and the differential coefficient by calculating the rotational speed deviation, the deviation change rate, and the load change rate in real time.
  6. 6. The device according to claim 1, wherein the driving module comprises a pre-driving chip, a power MOSFET bridge arm and a bootstrapping circuit; The pre-driving chip receives the PWM signal output by the control module, drives the bridge arm of the power MOSFET to be turned on and off, and the bootstrapping circuit provides driving voltage for the high-end grid electrode of the power MOSFET.
  7. 7. The device according to claim 1, wherein the protection module comprises an overcurrent protection unit, an overvoltage and undervoltage protection unit, an overheat protection unit and a locked rotor protection unit; The overcurrent protection threshold is set to be 1.5-3.0 times of rated current of the motor, the response time is less than or equal to 10 mu s, the overvoltage protection threshold is more than or equal to 1.2 times of the maximum value of the input voltage, the undervoltage protection threshold is less than or equal to 0.8 times of the minimum value of the input voltage, the response time is less than or equal to 50 mu s, the overheat protection threshold is set to be 80-120 ℃, the response time is less than or equal to 100ms, the stall protection judgment time is less than or equal to 500ms, and the driving signal is immediately cut off after judgment.
  8. 8. The brushless dc motor rotational speed control device according to claim 1, further comprising a communication module, wherein the communication module uses RS485, CAN or ethernet communication interface, and supports Modbus, CANopen or Profinet communication protocol, for realizing data interaction between the control device and the external device.
  9. 9. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the calculation formula for estimating the rotor speed by the sliding mode observer is: ; Wherein, the The rotational speed is estimated for the motor, For the pole pair number of the motor, For the amount of angular change in rotor position in adjacent sampling periods, In order to sample the period of time, The value range is 10 mu s-100 mu s.
  10. 10. The device according to claim 7, wherein the overcurrent protection threshold value The calculation mode of (a) is as follows: ; In order to protect the coefficient of the power consumption, The range of the value of (1.5) to (3.0), Rated for the current of the motor, and Needs to meet the requirements of , Is the maximum allowable on-current of the power MOSFET.

Description

DC brushless motor rotating speed control device Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of direct current brushless motor rotation speed control, in particular to a direct current brushless motor rotation speed control device. Background The direct current brushless motor has been widely used in various fields by virtue of the advantages of high efficiency, long service life, low noise, high control precision and the like, and the rotational speed control is used as a core requirement of the application of the direct current brushless motor, so that the running performance, stability and energy consumption efficiency of equipment are directly affected; At present, an open-loop control scheme based on Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) is mainly adopted by the existing direct current brushless motor rotating speed control device, the motor driving voltage is changed by adjusting PWM duty ratio, and then rotating speed adjustment is achieved, but rotating speed deviation caused by power voltage fluctuation, load change and motor parameter drift cannot be compensated in real time due to the fact that a rotating speed feedback mechanism is not introduced, control precision is low, and application requirements of high-precision equipment are difficult to meet. Therefore, we propose an improvement to this, a brushless DC motor speed control device. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a direct current brushless motor rotating speed control device, which comprises an encapsulation shell, wherein a power module, a sampling module, a control module, a driving module and a protection module are arranged in the encapsulation shell; The power supply module is used for converting the external input voltage into working voltage required by the control module and the driving module; the sampling module is used for collecting phase current signals, bus voltage signals and winding temperature signals of the DC brushless motor; The control module receives the signal output by the sampling module, estimates the rotor position and the rotating speed through a sensorless vector control algorithm, and generates a PWM driving signal by combining with a self-adaptive PID regulation algorithm; The driving module receives the PWM driving signal output by the control module, amplifies the PWM driving signal and drives the DC brushless motor to operate; the protection module realizes overcurrent, overvoltage, undervoltage, overheat and locked rotor protection according to the signals acquired by the sampling module. As a preferable technical scheme of the application, the power supply module comprises an EMI filter circuit, a rectifying filter circuit, a DC-DC voltage reduction circuit and a voltage stabilizing circuit; the EMI filter circuit is used for inhibiting external electromagnetic interference, the rectification filter circuit converts alternating current input into direct current voltage, the DC-DC voltage reduction circuit converts high-voltage direct current voltage into a plurality of groups of low-voltage direct current voltage, and the voltage stabilizing circuit realizes voltage stable output. As a preferable technical scheme of the application, the sampling module comprises a current sampling unit, a voltage sampling unit and a temperature sampling unit; The current sampling unit adopts a series shunt resistor, the voltage sampling unit adopts a voltage dividing resistor network, and the temperature sampling unit adopts an NTC thermistor or a PT100 platinum resistor. As a preferable technical scheme of the application, the sensorless vector control algorithm is based on a motor stator flux linkage observation model, realizes the conversion of a two-phase stationary coordinate system and a two-phase rotating coordinate system of stator current through Clark conversion and Park conversion, and estimates the position and the rotating speed of a rotor by combining a sliding mode observer. As a preferable technical scheme of the application, the self-adaptive PID regulating algorithm dynamically adjusts the proportional coefficient, the integral coefficient and the differential coefficient by calculating the rotating speed deviation, the deviation change rate and the load change rate in real time. As a preferable technical scheme of the application, the driving module comprises a pre-driving chip, a power MOSFET bridge arm and a bootstrapping circuit; The pre-driving chip receives the PWM signal output by the control module, drives the bridge arm of the power MOSFET to be turned on and off, and the bootstrapping circuit provides driving voltage for the high-end grid electrode of the power MOSFET. As a preferable technical scheme of the application, the protection module comprises an overcurrent protection unit, an overvoltage and undervoltage protection unit, an overheat protection unit and a locked rotor protection unit; The overcurrent protection threshold is set to be 1.5-3.0 times of rated cur