CN-121984440-A - Perovskite photovoltaic power station system and method based on interconnection optimization and power tracking

CN121984440ACN 121984440 ACN121984440 ACN 121984440ACN-121984440-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of perovskite photovoltaic power station erection, and relates to a perovskite photovoltaic power station system and a perovskite photovoltaic power station method based on interconnection optimization and power tracking. The perovskite photovoltaic power station system based on interconnection optimization and power tracking comprises perovskite photovoltaic power units, a combiner box, an inverter, a central controller, a monitoring platform and an LCL filter, wherein each perovskite photovoltaic power unit comprises a local regulating module and a group string formed by a plurality of perovskite photovoltaic modules, each perovskite photovoltaic module comprises a plurality of perovskite photovoltaic cell partitions, sampling modules are respectively arranged on each perovskite photovoltaic cell partition, the central controller is respectively connected with each sampling module and the local regulating module through a communication bus, and a strategy is selected according to the power characteristics monitored in real time and a control instruction is issued to enable the system to keep running at an optimal power point. According to the invention, through the interconnection design of the perovskite photovoltaic module and the MPPT strategy, the improvement of the overall power generation amount and performance ratio of the perovskite photovoltaic power station is realized.

Inventors

XU HUI
YAO JIZHONG
LIU ZI
TAN ZHENLONG
SHUAI ZHENGFENG
AN HUA
DOU DAWEI
ZHANG LU
CHEN FENG
YAN BUYI

Assignees

中国三峡新能源(集团)股份有限公司
杭州纤纳光电科技股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20251226

Claims (9)

1. The perovskite photovoltaic power station system based on interconnection optimization and power tracking is characterized by comprising perovskite photovoltaic power units, a combiner box, an inverter, a central controller, a monitoring platform and an LCL filter, wherein the perovskite photovoltaic power units are respectively connected in parallel with the input ends of the combiner box, the positive and negative output ends of the plurality of combiner boxes are respectively connected in parallel to a direct-current positive bus and a direct-current negative bus, the direct-current positive bus and the direct-current negative bus are respectively connected with the direct-current input end of the inverter, the alternating-current output end of the inverter is connected with the input end of the LCL filter, the alternating-current output end of the LCL filter is connected with an external power grid, and the central controller is respectively communicated with the inverter and the monitoring platform; the perovskite photovoltaic power unit comprises a local regulating module and a group string composed of a plurality of perovskite photovoltaic modules, the local regulating module regulates the voltage and current output of the group string, each perovskite photovoltaic module comprises a plurality of perovskite photovoltaic cell partitions, the anode and the cathode of each perovskite photovoltaic cell partition are sequentially connected in series, the anode and the cathode of each perovskite photovoltaic module are sequentially connected in series and then are connected with the input end of the local regulating module, the output end of the local regulating module is connected with the input end of a junction box, sampling modules are respectively arranged on each perovskite photovoltaic cell partition and used for collecting the voltage, current and temperature information on the perovskite photovoltaic cell partitions in real time, a central controller is respectively connected with each sampling module and the local regulating module through a communication bus, a strategy is selected according to the power characteristics monitored in real time and a control instruction is issued to ensure that the system keeps running at an optimal power point, the monitoring platform comprises a man-machine module, the monitoring platform displays the voltage and current data of each perovskite photovoltaic cell partition in real time, and output power data of each perovskite photovoltaic power unit, and inverter operating state data and grid-connected power data.
2. The perovskite photovoltaic power station system based on interconnection optimization and power tracking as claimed in claim 1, wherein a fuse, a Surge Protector (SPD) and an isolating switch are respectively configured in the combiner box.
3. The perovskite photovoltaic power station system based on interconnection optimization and power tracking as claimed in claim 2, wherein a grounding module is further provided in the combiner box.
4. The perovskite photovoltaic power station system based on interconnection optimization and power tracking as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system is further provided with at least one of overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent, overtemperature and leakage current detection protection devices, respectively.
5. An operation method of a perovskite photovoltaic power station based on interconnection optimization and power tracking, wherein the operation method uses the perovskite photovoltaic power station system based on interconnection optimization and power tracking according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and the operation method comprises the following steps: Dividing each perovskite photovoltaic module into a plurality of perovskite photovoltaic cell partitions, sequentially connecting the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each perovskite photovoltaic cell partition in series, and sequentially connecting the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each perovskite photovoltaic module in series to obtain a group string, wherein the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the group string are respectively connected with the input end of a local regulating module to obtain a perovskite photovoltaic power unit; Respectively connecting a plurality of perovskite photovoltaic power units in parallel to the input ends of the junction boxes, respectively connecting the positive and negative output ends of the junction boxes in parallel to a direct current positive bus and a direct current negative bus, respectively connecting the direct current positive bus and the direct current negative bus with the direct current input end of an inverter, connecting the alternating current output end of the inverter with the input end of an LCL filter, and connecting the alternating current output end of the LCL filter with an external power grid; And thirdly, communicating the central controller with the inverter and the monitoring platform respectively, setting the communication connection between the central controller and each sampling module and the local regulating module, arranging a global MPPT algorithm in the central controller, selecting a strategy according to the power characteristics monitored in real time, and issuing a control instruction to enable the system to keep running at an optimal power point.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein in step three, the logic for implementing the global MPPT algorithm comprises the steps of: Step S1, initializing Measuring an open-circuit voltage estimated value V Voc,est of the perovskite photovoltaic module, setting an initial voltage search window W 0 , and The first formula, formula one, Wherein, 0.6 and 0.95 in formula one are coefficients, respectively, which ensure that the initial voltage search window W 0 covers the maximum power point and avoids extreme voltages; Step S2, rough scanning 7-9 Test points are selected in the current voltage search window W k , voltage V i is adjusted in sequence, and corresponding power is measured: a second formula, a third formula, Analyzing the V-I sampling curve, and identifying a candidate power peak point set C; V i in the formula II is the ith test voltage, I i is the corresponding current, and P i is the corresponding power; step S3, candidate point verification Detecting the candidate point V c within a range of +/-delta around the candidate point V c , and obtaining a local curvature index Q c according to the following formula III: the third formula, If Q c is greater than 0 and P (V c ) is a local peak value, reserving the point, and selecting the power maximum as a temporary optimal point V best ; Wherein, P (V c ) in the formula III is candidate point power, V c is set working voltage, delta is voltage disturbance step length; Step S4, fine tracking The method for combining the self-adaptive step length and the attenuation perturbation is adopted near V best and comprises the following steps: (1) Power differential A fourth formula, In the formula, The power difference is that P k is the current power, P k-1 is the power at the previous moment; (2) Adaptive step size A fifth formula, wherein, In the formula, The step length of the voltage adjustment is shown, The minimum step size is adopted to be the minimum step size, Maximum step length, a, proportionality coefficient, The power change rate; (3) Voltage update formula The formula six, the formula, In the formula, The voltage is set at the next moment, The current voltage is used for controlling the current voltage, Based on the self-adaptive adjustment of the power difference, A k is a perturbation amplitude, which is initially 8V and decays 0.9 times every 50ms, r k is a 0-1 random number, which avoids sinking into local optimum; (4) Smoothing filter The method of formula seven, The method is used for reducing voltage fluctuation and improving system stability; Wherein, the new value weight is 0.7, and the old value weight is 0.3; Step S5, triggering rescanning Returning to S2 if any one of the following conditions occurs in the perovskite photovoltaic module: ① Rapid changes in illumination: ; ② Temperature mutation: ; ③ Abnormal power drop-off >2% in steady state; ④ Performance drops by >2% for a short time than PR; step S6, safety protection If overvoltage, overcurrent and leakage current are detected, the voltage is retracted to 0.8V Voc,est , and the voltage is reduced And the impact is reduced compared with A 0 , and the safety of the perovskite photovoltaic module is ensured.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein in step S3, the voltage disturbance step δ is 15V.
8. The method of claim 5, wherein in step S3, the minimum step size is the minimum step size 2V, maximum step length 10V and the proportionality coefficient a is 60V.
9. The method of claim 5, wherein the sampling module and the local regulating module are in communication with the central controller via RS-485 or CAN bus or ethernet, respectively.

Description

Perovskite photovoltaic power station system and method based on interconnection optimization and power tracking Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of perovskite photovoltaic power station erection, and particularly relates to a perovskite photovoltaic power station system and a perovskite photovoltaic power station method based on interconnection optimization and power tracking. Background Perovskite photovoltaic modules have gradually entered pilot plant and distributed systems as an emerging photovoltaic power generation technology, by virtue of high efficiency, low cost and adjustable bandgap characteristics. However, in large-scale perovskite photovoltaic power plant operation, there are still deficiencies in the interconnection manner and power tracking strategy of perovskite photovoltaic modules, directly affecting the overall energy utilization ratio (PR). At present, most of common component interconnection modes in perovskite photovoltaic power stations are centralized or single series connection. Under the centralized structure, the strings of a plurality of series photovoltaic modules are uniformly connected into the high-power inverter, and the strings are easily affected by partial shielding or inconsistent performance although the arrangement is simplified, so that the output of the whole string is limited. In a single series structure, once a perovskite photovoltaic module is reduced in power due to shading or attenuation, the current output of the whole series is limited, and significant power generation loss is caused. In terms of power tracking, conventional Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) methods, such as a disturbance observation method and an incremental conductance method, have the following problems in perovskite photovoltaic power station application that (1) partial shielding cannot be effectively performed, and when a plurality of power peaks appear in an I-V curve of a perovskite photovoltaic module, the conventional method is easy to stay at a local maximum value, so that the overall power generation amount is reduced. (2) The dynamic response is insufficient, and under the condition of rapid irradiation change, the power point adjustment is lagged, and the energy loss is obvious. (3) The system has poor adaptability, the perovskite photovoltaic component is sensitive to temperature and spectrum, the curve characteristics are different from those of crystalline silicon, and the traditional method is difficult to keep stable and high-efficiency. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a perovskite photovoltaic power station system and a perovskite photovoltaic power station system method based on interconnection optimization and power tracking, and the perovskite photovoltaic power station overall power generation amount and performance ratio are remarkably improved by optimizing the interconnection design of perovskite photovoltaic modules and an MPPT strategy of global optimization. The invention is realized in such a way, and provides a perovskite photovoltaic power station system based on interconnection optimization and power tracking, which comprises perovskite photovoltaic power units, a combiner box, an inverter, a central controller, a monitoring platform and an LCL filter, wherein the perovskite photovoltaic power units are respectively connected in parallel with the input ends of the combiner box, the positive and negative output ends of the plurality of combiner boxes are respectively connected in parallel to a direct-current positive bus and a direct-current negative bus, the direct-current positive bus and the direct-current negative bus are respectively connected with the direct-current input end of the inverter, the alternating-current output end of the inverter is connected with the input end of the LCL filter, the alternating-current output end of the LCL filter is connected with an external power grid, and the central controller is respectively communicated with the inverter and the monitoring platform; the perovskite photovoltaic power unit comprises a local regulating module and a string composed of a plurality of perovskite photovoltaic modules, the local regulating module regulates voltage and current output of the string, each perovskite photovoltaic module comprises a plurality of perovskite photovoltaic cell partitions, positive and negative poles of each perovskite photovoltaic cell partition are sequentially connected in series, the positive and negative poles of each perovskite photovoltaic module are sequentially connected in series and then connected with the input end of the local regulating module, the output end of the local regulating module is connected with the input end of a collecting box, sampling modules are respectively arranged on each perovskite photovoltaic cell partition and used for collecting voltage, current and temperature information on the sampling modu