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CN-121984441-A - Digital operation and maintenance system of photovoltaic power station

CN121984441ACN 121984441 ACN121984441 ACN 121984441ACN-121984441-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a digital operation and maintenance system of a photovoltaic power station, which comprises an integrated interaction platform and a data acquisition system, wherein the integrated interaction platform and the data acquisition system realize cooperative linkage through a data link and an instruction link, the integrated interaction platform comprises a cloud side service component, an edge side service component and an end side service component, the cloud side service component is provided with a photovoltaic cleaning operation digital twin model, an upper control program, a power station digital detection model and a meteorological data reading program, the edge side service component is configured to acquire and process real-time power generation data of a photovoltaic group string, a photovoltaic subarray and the photovoltaic power station, can receive instructions of the cloud side service component, transmit the instructions to the end side service component and upload stored data to the cloud side, and the end side service component is configured to acquire real-time power generation data of a single photovoltaic component.

Inventors

  • ZHAO TIAN

Assignees

  • 沙电(上海)科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260209

Claims (13)

  1. 1. The digital operation and maintenance system of the photovoltaic power station is characterized by comprising an integrated interaction platform and a data acquisition system, wherein the integrated interaction platform and the data acquisition system realize cooperative linkage through a data link and an instruction link and are used for monitoring and judging abrasion faults of the anti-reflection film of the photovoltaic module glass caused by cleaning operation; The integrated interaction platform comprises a cloud side service component, an edge side service component and an end side service component, wherein: The cloud side service component is provided with a photovoltaic cleaning operation digital twin model, an upper control program, a power station digital detection model and a meteorological data reading program, wherein the digital twin model is used for decoupling an anti-reflection film abrasion fault and other types of faults of the photovoltaic component caused by cleaning operation and generating standard power generation performance marker post data and fault simulation characteristic data of the photovoltaic component and a string; The side service component is configured to acquire and process real-time power generation data of the photovoltaic group strings, the photovoltaic subarrays and the photovoltaic power stations, can receive instructions of the cloud side service component, and forwards the instructions to the end side service component and uploads stored data to the cloud side; the end-side service component is configured to acquire real-time power generation data of a single photovoltaic component; the data acquisition system comprises a photovoltaic inverter, a component-level power electronic MLPE device and a meteorological data source, and is used for acquiring power generation performance data and meteorological data of a photovoltaic component level, a group string level, a subarray level and a power station level and uploading the acquired data to the cloud side service component; And the cloud side service component performs simulation operation and comparison analysis on the uploaded data through the digital twin model and the digital detection model of the power station, and completes fault decoupling and wear positioning by combining the position information and the simulation characteristic data of the photovoltaic component, and finally, an operation and maintenance instruction is issued by the upper control program to realize the targeted operation and maintenance of the photovoltaic power station.
  2. 2. The photovoltaic power plant digitized operation and maintenance system of claim 1, wherein the system is configured to operate in a model triggered mode, wherein: the photovoltaic cleaning operation digital twin model is configured to run autonomously in real time, and the power generation power, the power generation amount and the cleaning operation effect of the photovoltaic power station are simulated based on real-time meteorological data, historical meteorological data and forecast meteorological data acquired by the data acquisition system; The digital twin model is further configured to perform autonomous judgment according to the simulation operation result, trigger the upper control program to issue instructions, control the data acquisition system to acquire the power generation performance data of the photovoltaic power station so as to perform predictive maintenance on the abrasion condition of the antireflection film on the glass surface of the photovoltaic module, or The system is configured to operate in a detection trigger mode, wherein: The power station digital detection model is configured to run in a manual or semi-automatic mode according to preset photovoltaic power station cleaning work arrangement and technical requirements, and controls the data acquisition system to acquire power generation performance data of photovoltaic modules, photovoltaic group strings and photovoltaic subarrays in the photovoltaic power station; the power station digital detection model is further configured to transmit the collected data back to the photovoltaic cleaning operation digital twin model for interactive judgment so as to execute the planned maintenance aiming at the abrasion condition of the anti-reflection film on the glass surface of the photovoltaic module.
  3. 3. The photovoltaic power plant digitized operation and maintenance system of claim 1, wherein the data acquisition system comprises: the photovoltaic inverter is configured to respond to the instruction of the upper control program and collect current and voltage data of the photovoltaic group cascade; and the assembly-level power electronic MLPE equipment is configured to be matched with the photovoltaic inverter to collect current and voltage data of the photovoltaic assembly level.
  4. 4. A photovoltaic plant digitization operation and maintenance system according to claim 3, wherein the plant digitization detection model is configured to perform the following detection process: Based on the digital twin model, generating a standard clear sky power generation performance standard pole data set of the photovoltaic module and the photovoltaic group string in a fault-free state and a standard power position marking map containing position information of the photovoltaic module; the data acquisition system is controlled, and the actually measured power generation performance data of the photovoltaic group strings and the photovoltaic modules are acquired after cleaning operation; Comparing the actually measured power generation data of each photovoltaic module with the standard clear sky power generation corresponding to the marker post data set, and classifying the photovoltaic modules into available data sets, rechecking data sets or excluding data sets according to the comparison deviation value; and calculating the generated power attenuation value and the position information of each photovoltaic module based on the available data set, and using the generated power attenuation value and the position information as input parameters for interactive discrimination with the digital twin model.
  5. 5. The system of claim 4, wherein the classifying according to the contrast bias values comprises: Classifying the photovoltaic modules with the contrast deviation smaller than a first preset threshold value as the available data set; Classifying the photovoltaic modules with the contrast deviation between the first preset threshold value and the second preset threshold value as the rechecking data set, rechecking the data to eliminate interference factors, and merging the rechecking data set after the rechecking is passed; and classifying the photovoltaic modules with the contrast deviation larger than the second preset threshold value and which are not improved after data review as the exclusion data set.
  6. 6. The digital operation and maintenance system of a photovoltaic power plant of claim 1, wherein the digital twin model of the photovoltaic cleaning operation comprises: the 3D optical model of the photovoltaic module is configured to calculate photon absorption power of the photovoltaic cell and the photovoltaic module based on a 3D optical calculation algorithm; The photovoltaic module electrical model is configured to calculate the electrical power of the photovoltaic cell and the photovoltaic module based on the equivalent diode model; A photovoltaic string 3D optical model configured to calculate an optical loss between the photovoltaic string and surrounding physical structures based on the 3D optical calculation algorithm; the photovoltaic string electric model is configured to calculate electric power of the photovoltaic string based on ohm's law; The photovoltaic power calculation model is configured to calculate the generated power of the photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic group string, the photovoltaic subarrays and the photovoltaic power station by utilizing the photovoltaic module electric model and the meteorological input data; The photovoltaic power prediction model is configured to calculate the predicted power generation of the photovoltaic power generation units of different levels by using the photovoltaic module electrical model and predicted meteorological data or adopting a data driving method; the solar irradiation prediction model is configured to predict time sequence solar irradiation of a target site by adopting a data driving method and combining ground-based sensor and satellite inversion data.
  7. 7. The photovoltaic power plant digitized operation and maintenance system of claim 6, wherein the 3D optical calculation algorithm is configured to: Integrating energy of incident light having a wavelength in a range of 300 nm to 1200 nm; The calculation range and the irradiation area of incident photon flux can be customized, and the calculation range and the irradiation area can be gradually expanded from the photovoltaic cell level to the photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic group string, the photovoltaic subarray and the photovoltaic power station level; In the calculation, at least the photon flux corresponding to different wavelengths, the absorption probability of the photovoltaic cell material for photons of different wavelengths, and the quantum efficiency of generating carriers at a specific absorption probability are considered for the reaction of each beam of light on the photovoltaic material.
  8. 8. The digital operation and maintenance system of a photovoltaic power plant according to claim 1, wherein the analog operation of the digital twin model has configurable analog granularity including power generation performance simulation for a monolithic photovoltaic module and/or power generation performance simulation for a photovoltaic string, a photovoltaic subarray and a photovoltaic power plant.
  9. 9. The digital operation and maintenance system of a photovoltaic power plant according to claim 1, wherein the digital twin model is configured to perform a time-series process simulation for decoupling a plurality of coexistence faults of the photovoltaic module, and specifically configured to: Simulating a time node (t is less than or equal to N) corresponding to the t-th cleaning operation in a digital twin model aiming at N cleaning operations planned by the photovoltaic power station in the full life cycle of the photovoltaic power station, and generating a corresponding simulation result; Based on the generated time sequence simulation result, characteristic data for distinguishing the relation between different faults is separated out.
  10. 10. The digital operation and maintenance system of the photovoltaic power plant according to claim 6, wherein the digital twin model is configured to generate a power generation performance map of a single-chip photovoltaic module, wherein the map is time sequence characteristic data which is generated through simulation and represents main faults of the photovoltaic module through a 3D optical model and an electrical model of the photovoltaic module, the map at least comprises indexes of simulated photo-generated current (I-module-simulated) and simulated power generation (P-module-simulated), and the map respectively generates simulation results aiming at the following fault types, namely a photovoltaic cell self uniform aging fault, residual dust blocking fault caused by poor cleaning effect and a photovoltaic module glass antireflection film thinning fault caused by cleaning process.
  11. 11. The photovoltaic power plant digitized operation and maintenance system of claim 10, wherein the digital twin model is further configured to extend the monolithic photovoltaic assembly power generation performance profile to a photovoltaic string, a photovoltaic sub-array, and a photovoltaic power plant level power generation performance profile, the extension method comprising: extracting a photo-generated current uniformity characteristic value Ex in a power generation performance map of the single-piece photovoltaic module, wherein the characteristic value Ex forms an array based on a battery piece coordinate with the maximum photo-generated current in the module and current uniformity (E1, E2, E3 and E4) of four quadrants of the battery piece coordinate; generating photo-generated current uniformity characteristic value arrays Ex1_t, ex2_t and Ex3_t of the three fault types under each simulation time node t respectively; Based on the position mark map and the electrical topology of the photovoltaic power station, classifying and aggregating the characteristic value arrays of each photovoltaic module to generate the full-station-level photo-generated current simulation uniformity characteristic distribution, and according to the full-station-level characteristic distribution, correlating the simulated power attenuation values, the corresponding module position information and the characteristic value arrays to form a fault discrimination basis for cross-level comparison.
  12. 12. The system of claim 10 or 11, wherein the power generation performance map is constructed based on any one of a typical meteorological year TMY data set or a predicted meteorological year FMY data set, and wherein the photovoltaic module electrical model, the photovoltaic string electrical model, and the photovoltaic power calculation model comprise algorithms for decomposing solar radiation in time series meteorological data into direct radiation and scattered radiation, and inputting the photovoltaic module 3D optical model to generate photo-generated current results corresponding to different fault types.
  13. 13. The photovoltaic power plant digitized operation and maintenance system of claim 1, further comprising a fault discrimination module configured to: Acquiring an actual measurement data array output in a digital detection process of a power station, wherein the array comprises actual measurement power attenuation values and position information of photovoltaic modules in an available data set; Retrieving an array of analog data generated by the digital twin model, the array comprising analog power attenuation values, analog position information and related characteristic data; The fault discrimination is completed by cross-verifying the actual measurement data array and the simulation data array; The upper control program is further configured to locate and screen out the photovoltaic module with the anti-reflection film severely worn based on the output of the fault discrimination module, and generate a notification message to initiate a module replacement operation and maintenance flow.

Description

Digital operation and maintenance system of photovoltaic power station Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a digital operation and maintenance system of a photovoltaic power station. Background In the construction and operation and maintenance of large-scale ground photovoltaic power stations, the configuration of a flat single-shaft tracking bracket and a cleaning robot for improving the power generation efficiency and the assembly cleanliness has become standard configuration in the industry, and is widely applied to power stations held by ACWAPower enterprises. At present, the disclosed patents in the related technical field of the photovoltaic power station are mainly focused on two types, namely a patent disclosed by a test equipment manufacturer, a static mechanical load equipment and a dynamic mechanical load equipment which are used for a photovoltaic detection authentication laboratory and focus on performance verification of a component detection link, and a conventional operation and maintenance related technology of the photovoltaic power station, wherein a special technical scheme related to cleaning operation and component attenuation is not searched yet. Meanwhile, cleaning robot manufacturers and photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance companies do not disclose related technical patents aiming at wear monitoring and fault decoupling of an anti-reflection film on the surface of a component in the cleaning process, and the prior art is mainly developed around the structural design or general operation and maintenance flow of equipment. The problems that the accumulated dust of the photovoltaic module affects the power generation efficiency are solved by the application of the cleaning robot, and the problems that firstly, a cleaning device (such as a brush, a scraping blade and the like) of the cleaning robot rubs with an anti-reflection film on the surface of the photovoltaic module in the operation process, the anti-reflection film is thinned or even damaged, the maximum output power of the photovoltaic module is attenuated, and according to measurement and calculation, the attenuation accumulation can reach 1.5% in the whole life cycle of a power station, and huge power generation loss and economic loss are brought to the power station. Based on this, a new solution is needed. Disclosure of Invention In view of this, the embodiment of the invention provides a digital operation and maintenance system for a photovoltaic power station, so as to at least solve the problems existing in the prior art. The embodiment of the invention provides the following technical scheme: The embodiment of the invention provides a digital operation and maintenance system of a photovoltaic power station, which comprises an integrated interaction platform and a data acquisition system, wherein the integrated interaction platform and the data acquisition system realize cooperative linkage through a data link and an instruction link and are used for monitoring and judging abrasion faults of a glass antireflection film of a photovoltaic module caused by cleaning operation; The integrated interaction platform comprises a cloud side service component, an edge side service component and an end side service component, wherein: The cloud side service component is provided with a photovoltaic cleaning operation digital twin model, an upper control program, a power station digital detection model and a meteorological data reading program, wherein the digital twin model is used for decoupling an anti-reflection film abrasion fault and other types of faults of the photovoltaic component caused by cleaning operation and generating standard power generation performance marker post data and fault simulation characteristic data of the photovoltaic component and a string; The side service component is configured to acquire and process real-time power generation data of the photovoltaic group strings, the photovoltaic subarrays and the photovoltaic power stations, can receive instructions of the cloud side service component, and forwards the instructions to the end side service component and uploads stored data to the cloud side; the end-side service component is configured to acquire real-time power generation data of a single photovoltaic component; the data acquisition system comprises a photovoltaic inverter, a component-level power electronic MLPE device and a meteorological data source, and is used for acquiring power generation performance data and meteorological data of a photovoltaic component level, a group string level, a subarray level and a power station level and uploading the acquired data to the cloud side service component; And the cloud side service component performs simulation operation and comparison analysis on the uploaded data through the digital twin model and the digital detection model of the power station, and comple