CN-121984568-A - Digital phased array on-orbit calibration method based on satellite cooperation and electronic equipment

CN121984568ACN 121984568 ACN121984568 ACN 121984568ACN-121984568-A

Abstract

The invention provides a digital phased array on-orbit calibration method and electronic equipment based on satellite cooperation, wherein the method comprises the steps of taking a normally working satellite as an auxiliary satellite to provide cooperative calibration service for a satellite to be calibrated, transmitting or receiving given calibration signals through an inter-satellite link, respectively measuring amplitude, phase and delay errors of each receiving and transmitting channel of the satellite to be calibrated by combining a cross correlation algorithm and a least square algorithm, extracting pure channel level errors by calculating and removing theoretical phase differences introduced by a beam forming network, and loading the pure channel level errors to a compensation module to realize high-precision on-orbit autonomous calibration. According to the invention, the on-orbit calibration of the satellite to be calibrated is realized by utilizing the networking characteristics of the low-orbit satellite constellation and through cooperation among the low-orbit satellites, so that the autonomous viability and the on-orbit service reliability of the satellite system can be effectively improved.

Inventors

HU TIANWEI
HUANG YUE
DU YUANYUAN
JIA PENGCHENG
KONG XIANGMING

Assignees

广州程星通信科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260206

Claims (10)

1. The digital phased array on-orbit calibration method based on satellite cooperation is characterized by comprising the following steps of: If the phased array channel parameters of the satellite to be calibrated are monitored to deviate, selecting the satellite meeting the conditions as an auxiliary satellite, wherein the auxiliary satellite is used as a calibration reference source; Calculating the measurement amplitude, the measurement phase and the measurement time delay of each receiving and transmitting channel of the satellite to be calibrated by controlling the link between the auxiliary satellite and the satellite to be calibrated to transmit or receive a given calibration signal and combining a cross correlation algorithm and a least square algorithm; based on the given calibration signal and phased array element parameters of the satellite to be calibrated, removing theoretical inter-channel phase differences introduced by a beam forming network from the measured phases, and obtaining actual channel-level phase differences of each receiving and transmitting channel of the satellite to be calibrated; and performing error compensation on each receiving and transmitting channel of the satellite to be calibrated based on the actual channel-level phase difference, the measurement amplitude and the measurement time delay, so as to realize on-orbit calibration of the satellite to be calibrated.
2. The method for calibrating a digital phased array on-orbit based on satellite cooperation according to claim 1, wherein in the stage of calibrating the receiving channels, the calculating the measured amplitude, the measured phase and the measured time delay of each receiving and transmitting channel of the satellite to be calibrated comprises: Controlling the auxiliary satellite to transmit a first calibration signal to the satellite to be calibrated so that the satellite to be calibrated can simultaneously receive the first calibration signal through each receiving channel of a phased array of the satellite to be calibrated; processing and calculating the first calibration signal by using a cross-correlation and least square algorithm to obtain a first measurement amplitude, a first measurement phase and a first measurement time delay of each receiving channel of the satellite to be calibrated; in the transmitting channel calibration stage, the calculating the measurement amplitude, the measurement phase and the measurement time delay of each receiving and transmitting channel of the satellite to be calibrated includes: Controlling each channel of the satellite to be calibrated to transmit second calibration signals which are mutually orthogonal to the auxiliary satellite, and applying beam pointing phases through a wave velocity forming network; and processing and calculating the second calibration signal by using a cross-correlation and least square algorithm to obtain a second measurement amplitude, a second measurement phase and a second measurement time delay of each transmission channel of the satellite to be calibrated.
3. The satellite cooperative digital phased array on-orbit calibration method of claim 2, wherein the processing and computing the first calibration signal using a cross-correlation and least squares algorithm comprises: performing down-conversion and analog-to-digital conversion on the first calibration signal to obtain a digital baseband signal incident on each receiving channel; and carrying out cross-correlation calculation on the digital baseband signals and the received acquisition signals of each receiving channel according to the following cross-correlation function: ; In the formula, Representing a cross-correlation calculation, x (t) representing the digital baseband signal, Representing said received acquisition signal for each receive channel, t representing a time argument, Representing time delay, wherein m and n respectively represent the coordinate row and column numbers of the satellite antenna array to be calibrated; Acquiring maximum correlation Time delay of time And will The first measurement delay as the receive channel; And calculating and acquiring the first measurement amplitude and the first measurement phase by establishing a least square equation based on the first measurement time delay, the digital baseband signal and the received acquisition signal.
4. The satellite-collaboration-based digital phased array on-orbit calibration method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the phased array element parameters include geometric coordinates and element spacing in a cartesian coordinate system; correspondingly, the obtaining the actual channel-level phase difference of each receiving and transmitting channel of the satellite to be calibrated includes: Based on the given calibration signal, the geometric coordinates and the array element spacing, the actual channel level phase difference in the ideal channel-free phase error case is calculated according to the following formula: ; In the formula, Representing the actual channel-level phase difference, Representing the beam pointing of the given calibration signal, Respectively representing the off-axis and azimuth angles, The array element spacing is represented by the number of the array elements, Representing the signal frequency of the given calibration signal, Representing the geometric coordinates of the phased array elements in a cartesian coordinate system.
5. The satellite cooperation-based digital phased array on-orbit calibration method according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring of the offset of the phased array channel parameters of the satellite to be calibrated comprises: If the G/T value of the phased array receiving signal is smaller than a preset threshold value, the phased array channel parameters of the satellite to be calibrated are judged to be offset, and the preset threshold value is a theoretical expected value obtained by multiplying a preset weight coefficient by the phased array receiving signal.
6. The satellite cooperation-based digital phased array on-orbit calibration method according to claim 1, wherein the selecting the satellite satisfying the condition as the auxiliary satellite comprises: And determining whether the inter-satellite distance between the target satellite and the satellite to be calibrated meets the link budget requirement or not by calculating the path loss and judging the level of the received signal, if so, determining that the target satellite is a satellite meeting the condition, and taking the target satellite as the auxiliary satellite.
7. The satellite cooperative digital phased array on-orbit calibration method according to claim 1, wherein the given calibration signal is a ZC sequence or a cyclic shifted variant of a ZC sequence or a wideband signal with auto-correlation properties.
8. The utility model provides a digital phased array calibration device on orbit based on satellite cooperation which characterized in that includes: The judging and selecting module is used for selecting satellites meeting the conditions as auxiliary satellites if the phased array channel parameters of the satellites to be calibrated are monitored to deviate, and the auxiliary satellites are used as calibration reference sources; The calculation module is used for calculating the measurement amplitude, the measurement phase and the measurement time delay of each receiving and transmitting channel of the satellite to be calibrated by controlling the link between the auxiliary satellite and the satellite to be calibrated to transmit or receive a given calibration signal and combining a cross correlation algorithm and a least square algorithm; The error correction module is used for removing theoretical inter-channel phase differences introduced by a beam forming network from the measured phases based on the given calibration signals and phased array element parameters of the satellite to be calibrated, and obtaining actual channel-level phase differences of each receiving and transmitting channel of the satellite to be calibrated; And the compensation calibration module is used for carrying out error compensation on each receiving and transmitting channel of the satellite to be calibrated based on the actual channel-level phase difference, the measurement amplitude and the measurement time delay, so as to realize the on-orbit calibration of the satellite to be calibrated.
9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a program or instructions stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor, when executing the program or instructions, performs the steps of the satellite collaboration based digital phased array on orbit calibration method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer program product comprising a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, the computer program comprising program instructions which, when executed by a computer, enable the computer to perform the satellite collaboration based digital phased array on-orbit calibration method of any one of claims 1 to 7.

Description

Digital phased array on-orbit calibration method based on satellite cooperation and electronic equipment Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of satellite communication and radio frequency, in particular to a digital phased array on-orbit calibration method based on satellite cooperation and electronic equipment. Background The beam pointing accuracy and gain performance of phased array antennas are highly dependent on the uniformity of the channel parameters. The low orbit satellite runs for a long time in a complex space environment, is influenced by factors such as temperature change, device aging, space radiation and the like, and the characteristics of amplitude, phase, delay and the like of each channel of the phased array antenna drift, so that beam pointing deviation and side lobe level rise are caused, and the communication quality and link reliability are seriously influenced. Currently, conventional calibration methods are largely divided into intra-satellite calibration and ground station dependent calibration. The in-satellite calibration method usually implements calibration by integrating an additional coupler, a calibration source, a reference circuit, etc., and forming a closed monitoring loop inside the satellite. The ground station is relied on for calibration, i.e. the ground station transmits or receives calibration signals and performs measurement and calculation through a satellite-ground link. However, the intra-satellite calibration method increases the hardware complexity, weight and cost of the satellite, and its internal reference standard itself may drift with environmental changes, with limited accuracy, and the intra-satellite calibration loop may fail. Relying on the ground station approach relies heavily on the coverage of the ground station, and for satellites operating in space above earth or remote areas, and when the ground station is unavailable (e.g., faulty), the satellite will not be able to perform calibration in time, affecting service continuity. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a digital phased array on-orbit calibration method and electronic equipment based on satellite cooperation, which are used for solving the defects of coverage blind areas, low reliability and high cost existing in the prior art depending on a ground station or special on-orbit hardware, and achieving the aim of effectively improving the autonomous running capability of a system and the on-orbit maintenance precision and efficiency. The invention provides a digital phased array on-orbit calibration method based on satellite cooperation, which comprises the following steps: If the phased array channel parameters of the satellite to be calibrated are monitored to deviate, selecting the satellite meeting the conditions as an auxiliary satellite, wherein the auxiliary satellite is used as a calibration reference source; Calculating the measurement amplitude, the measurement phase and the measurement time delay of each receiving and transmitting channel of the satellite to be calibrated by controlling the link between the auxiliary satellite and the satellite to be calibrated to transmit or receive a given calibration signal and combining a cross correlation algorithm and a least square algorithm; based on the given calibration signal and phased array element parameters of the satellite to be calibrated, removing theoretical inter-channel phase differences introduced by a beam forming network from the measured phases, and obtaining actual channel-level phase differences of each receiving and transmitting channel of the satellite to be calibrated; and performing error compensation on each receiving and transmitting channel of the satellite to be calibrated based on the actual channel-level phase difference, the measurement amplitude and the measurement time delay, so as to realize on-orbit calibration of the satellite to be calibrated. According to the method for calibrating the digital phased array on orbit based on satellite cooperation, in the stage of calibrating the receiving channels, the method for calculating the measuring amplitude, the measuring phase and the measuring time delay of each receiving and transmitting channel of the satellite to be calibrated comprises the following steps: Controlling the auxiliary satellite to transmit a first calibration signal to the satellite to be calibrated so that the satellite to be calibrated can simultaneously receive the first calibration signal through each receiving channel of a phased array of the satellite to be calibrated; processing and calculating the first calibration signal by using a cross-correlation and least square algorithm to obtain a first measurement amplitude, a first measurement phase and a first measurement time delay of each receiving channel of the satellite to be calibrated; in the transmitting channel calibration stage, the calculating the measurement amplitude, the measurement phase a