CN-121984569-A - Phased array receiving radio frequency front-end device with reconfigurable wave beam quantity and changeable polarization

Abstract

The invention discloses a phased array receiving radio frequency front-end device with reconfigurable beam quantity and changeable polarization, which relates to the technical field of satellite communication and comprises a filtering signal amplifying unit, a polarization conversion unit, a four-channel reconfigurable multi-beam forming unit and a high-integration multi-beam synthesis network unit which are sequentially connected. The invention breaks through the technical bottlenecks of fixed beam quantity, difficult polarization reconstruction and poor out-of-band rejection of the traditional phased array receiving radio frequency front end, and further provides a solution for realizing integrated design of flexible reconstruction, polarization reconstruction and high out-of-band rejection.

Inventors

• SUN JIAXING
• Mei Chenyu
• SU JINHUAI
• GUO YUJIAO
• ZHAO LIYUE
• GUO ERGANG
• HAN JIAYU
• WANG QINGLU
• LI YAPENG
• YANG YUQIAN
• JIN SHICHAO
• WANG KE
• WANG HUAI
• WANG JING
• LIU LIPENG
• XU JIANFEI
• ZHOU BO

Assignees

• 航天恒星科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20260212

Claims (10)

1. 1. The phased array receiving radio frequency front-end device with reconfigurable beam quantity and changeable polarization is characterized by comprising a filtering signal amplifying unit, a polarization conversion unit, a four-channel reconfigurable multi-beam forming unit and a high-integration multi-beam synthesis network unit which are connected in sequence; the device is provided with M groups of input ports, each group of input ports comprises a horizontal linear polarization H port and a vertical linear polarization V port, and M is an even number greater than or equal to 2; The device is provided with N output ports for outputting N paths of wave beam signals, wherein N is a settable integer greater than or equal to 1; The M groups of horizontal linear polarization H and vertical linear polarization V signals are respectively input into M filtering signal amplifying units, and the output end of each filtering signal amplifying unit is connected with the input end of one polarization conversion unit; The four-channel reconfigurable multi-beam forming unit is used for reconstructing the number of beams of the four-channel circularly polarized signals into 0.5M channels, outputting N beam signals after reconstruction, and outputting the signals after amplitude-phase control; And all the signals which are output by the four-channel reconfigurable multi-beam forming unit and correspond to the same beam serial number are input into the same high-integration multi-beam synthesis network unit for synthesis, and finally N paths of beam signals are output from the N output ports.
2. 2. The phased array receiving radio frequency front end device with reconfigurable beam quantity and changeable polarization according to claim 1, wherein the polarization transformation unit is a 3dB coupler with high emission suppression function; The 3dB coupler is provided with a first port, a second port, a third port and a fourth port, wherein the first port and the second port are used as input ends for respectively receiving the horizontal linear polarization H signal and the vertical linear polarization V signal, and the third port and the fourth port are used as output ends for respectively outputting the left-hand circular polarization signal and the right-hand circular polarization signal.
3. 3. The reconfigurable polarization phased array receive radio frequency front end device of claim 2, wherein the 3dB coupler comprises: the first transmission line, the second transmission line, the third transmission line and the fourth transmission line are sequentially connected end to form an annular structure to form four connection points, wherein the connection point of the first transmission line and the second transmission line is A, the connection point of the second transmission line and the third transmission line is B, the connection point of the third transmission line and the fourth transmission line is C, and the connection point of the fourth transmission line (LN 4) and the first transmission line is D; On at least one of the four connection points, an adjustable capacitance and/or inductance is connected in parallel to ground.
4. 4. A phased array receive radio frequency front end device with reconfigurable beam number and variable polarization as claimed in claim 3, wherein the 3dB coupler is adapted to suppress a predetermined out-of-band frequency while effecting a linear to circular polarization transformation by adjusting the value of the adjustable capacitance.
5. 5. The phased array receiving radio frequency front end device with reconfigurable beam quantity and changeable polarization according to claim 1, wherein the filtering signal amplifying unit comprises a first filtering amplifying branch and a second filtering amplifying branch which are arranged in parallel and are respectively used for processing a horizontal linear polarization H signal and a vertical linear polarization V signal; the first filtering amplifying branch and the second filtering amplifying branch comprise a filter and a low noise amplifier which are sequentially connected.
6. 6. The reconfigurable polarization phased array receive rf front-end device of claim 5, wherein the filter is located at the input of the low noise amplifier in the filtering amplification branch; In the filtering and amplifying branch, the low noise amplifier is positioned at the input end of the filter.
7. 7. The reconfigurable polarization variable phased array receive radio frequency front end device of claim 1, wherein the four-channel reconfigurable multi-beam forming unit comprises: the amplifier module is used for amplifying the four paths of input circularly polarized signals; the reconfigurable power divider module is connected with the amplifier module and is used for reconstructing and distributing each amplified signal into N paths of signals, wherein N is the number of settable beams; the phase-shifting attenuation channels comprise phase shifters and attenuators which are connected in sequence and are used for performing amplitude-phase control on a corresponding path of signal from the reconfigurable power divider module; The power synthesizer is used for respectively carrying out power synthesis on N groups of signals from different polarization channels belonging to the same beam serial number to obtain N paths of synthesized signals; and the driving amplifier module is used for amplifying the N paths of synthesized signals and outputting the amplified signals.
8. 8. The reconfigurable polarization phased array receive rf front-end device of claim 7, wherein the reconfigurable power divider module comprises a rf switch network, and wherein the signal distribution paths are changed by controlling the state of the rf switch network, so as to reconstruct one input signal into N outputs.
9. 9. The reconfigurable polarization phased array receive rf front-end device of claim 1, wherein the number of four-channel reconfigurable multi-beam forming units γ satisfies a relationship of γ=m/2 with the input port group number M.
10. 10. The reconfigurable polarization phased array receive rf front-end device of claim 1, wherein the number of highly integrated multi-beam combining network elements is N, each highly integrated multi-beam combining network element being a 0.5M-way combined 1 power combiner; The 0.5M-path combined 1 power synthesizer is used for synthesizing 0.5-path signals corresponding to the same beam serial number from M/2 four-path reconfigurable multi-beam forming units into one-path beam signal output.

Description

Phased array receiving radio frequency front-end device with reconfigurable wave beam quantity and changeable polarization Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of satellite communication, in particular to a phased array receiving radio frequency front-end device with reconfigurable wave beam quantity and changeable polarization. Background With the rapid deployment and development of low-orbit satellite communication constellations, higher requirements are put on the capacity, rate and reliability of satellite-to-ground communication links. Phased array antennas become key technologies in scenes such as communication in motion and multi-star access by virtue of advantages such as beam agility and multi-target tracking. At the receiving end, the performance of the phased array receiving radio frequency front end device directly influences the sensitivity, the anti-interference capability and the flexibility of the whole system. Conventional phased array receive rf front-end devices typically face the following technical bottlenecks: (1) The number of the wave beams is fixed, and the flexibility is insufficient, so that most of the existing schemes (such as the Chinese patent of the invention with the publication number of CN 110568429A) adopt a power division network with a fixed path number (such as a 1-M splitter), and once the hardware design is completed, the number M of the receiving wave beams which can be formed simultaneously is fixed. When faced with complex and changeable communication scenarios, for example, it is required to serve different numbers of user terminals at different times or dynamically allocate beam resources during inter-satellite handover, such a fixed architecture cannot realize on-demand and dynamic reconfiguration of the beam numbers, resulting in low utilization rate of system resources or failure to meet real-time requirements. (2) The polarization processing mode is single, the noise coefficient is deteriorated, and circular polarization is widely used in satellite communication to reduce polarization mismatch loss. It is conventional practice to place the linear to circular polarization conversion (polarizer) near the antenna radiating element. However, the inherent insertion loss of the polarizer is directly superimposed on the forefront of the receiving link, so that the noise coefficient of the whole receiving link is significantly improved, and the receiving sensitivity of the system is reduced. In addition, the conventional polarizer generally lacks the capability of suppressing out-of-band strong interference signals, and is easy to cause saturation of a front-end amplifier or introduce additional noise in a complex electromagnetic environment, so that the receiving quality is affected. (3) In order to realize multi-beam and multi-channel receiving, the traditional scheme often adopts a large number of discrete devices, so that the module has large volume, complex structure, poor consistency and high cost. Although some technologies (e.g., multilayer printed board, LTCC processes) are working to increase integration, how to achieve both high performance (low noise, high out-of-band rejection) and high flexibility (beam reconstruction) within a highly integrated framework remains a technical challenge. Therefore, a novel phased array receiving radio frequency front end device is needed in the art, which breaks through the limitation of fixed beam quantity and realizes flexible reconfiguration, and meanwhile, the noise performance of a receiving link can be optimized, the out-of-band interference resistance is enhanced, and finally, the uniformity of performance and flexibility is realized in a compact integrated design. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a phased array receiving radio frequency front-end device with reconfigurable beam quantity and changeable polarization, which realizes dynamic and flexible configuration of the received beam quantity and remarkably improves the link noise coefficient and out-of-band rejection capability through innovative circuit architecture and cell design. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a phased array receiving radio frequency front end device with reconfigurable beam quantity and changeable polarization, which comprises a filtering signal amplifying unit, a polarization conversion unit, a four-channel reconfigurable multi-beam forming unit and a high-integration multi-beam synthesis network unit which are connected in sequence; the device is provided with M groups of input ports, each group of input ports comprises a horizontal linear polarization H port and a vertical linear polarization V port, and M is an even number greater than or equal to 2; The device is provided with N output ports for outputting N paths of wave beam signals, wherein N is a settable integer greater than or equal to 1; The M grou