CN-121984609-A - Phased array antenna beam forming test method in darkroom-free environment

CN121984609ACN 121984609 ACN121984609 ACN 121984609ACN-121984609-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a phased array antenna beam forming test method under a darkroom-free environment, which relates to the technical field of satellite communication terminal complete machine test, and comprises the steps of initializing test system configuration, setting test parameters, initializing antenna states, establishing a test environment, connecting a test antenna with a channel simulator, reducing cross coupling of a non-corresponding channel through algorithm isolation, establishing a signal transmission link between the test antenna and a tested antenna through a wireless channel by adopting a virtual wire connection mode, realizing non-contact test, carrying out beam forming test, moving a mobile station to a preset test area, regulating test antenna impedance by adopting an electronic tuning mode, realizing independent control of an uplink and a downlink by the beam former, analyzing test results and generating reports, and being capable of directly carrying out test in an actual working scene without depending on fixed test facilities such as a microwave darkroom, a calibration tower and the like.

Inventors

HU XINGYU
YIN CHENGLIANG
WU YUEPENG
GAO LIANGQUAN
QIN WENGANG

Assignees

上海智能网联汽车技术中心有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260205

Claims (9)

1. A phased array antenna beam forming test method in a darkroom-free environment is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, initializing test system configuration, namely setting basic parameters of a test system, initializing states of a test antenna and a phased array antenna, and checking connection states of all components of the test system; Step S2, establishing a darkroom-free test environment, namely connecting a test antenna with a channel simulator, reducing cross coupling of a non-corresponding channel through algorithm isolation, connecting a tested antenna of a phased array antenna with a test system, establishing a signal transmission link between the test antenna and the tested antenna through a wireless channel by adopting a virtual wire connection mode, and realizing non-contact test on radio frequency performance of the phased array antenna; S3, performing beam forming test, namely moving the mobile station to a preset test area, adjusting impedance of a test antenna in an electronic tuning mode, realizing independent control of an uplink and a downlink through a beam former, and performing beam testing according to a preset test scheme; And S4, analyzing the test result and generating a report, namely processing and analyzing the collected test data, generating a test report containing the test environment, the test parameters and the test result, and generating a performance evaluation report according to the analysis result.
2. The method for testing beam forming of phased array antenna in darkroom free environment as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, setting basic parameters of the testing system comprises: Setting test frequency, bandwidth and test time; the initialization of the states of the test antenna and the phased array antenna comprises setting the position and the orientation of the antenna; Checking the connection state of all the components of the test system comprises checking whether the connection among the test instrument, the antenna and the computer is normal.
3. The method for testing the beam forming of the phased array antenna in the darkroom-free environment according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the parallel testing of the plurality of beams is automatically performed according to a preset testing scheme, and the method comprises the following steps: step S31, generating a test signal and processing the test signal by a signal processor; Step S32, transmitting a plurality of test beams through the millimeter wave antenna array simultaneously; Step S33, test data of a plurality of beams are collected simultaneously and Fourier transformation is carried out; And step S34, analyzing the test result of each wave beam according to a preset test index.
4. The method for testing beam forming of the phased array antenna in a darkroom-free environment as claimed in claim 1, wherein in said step S3, the parallel testing of the plurality of beams is automatically performed according to a preset testing scheme, comprising the steps of: step S31, generating a test signal and processing the test signal by a signal processor; Step S32, transmitting a plurality of test beams through the millimeter wave antenna array simultaneously; Step S33, test data of a plurality of beams are collected simultaneously and Fourier transformation is carried out; And step S34, analyzing the test result of each wave beam according to a preset test index.
5. The method for testing beam forming of phased array antenna in darkroom-free environment as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3, independent control of uplink and downlink is achieved by a beam former, and the method comprises setting beam pointing angles, beam widths and transmitting powers of uplink and downlink respectively.
6. The method for testing beam forming of phased array antenna in darkroom-free environment as claimed in claim 4, wherein in step S33, fourier transform is performed on the collected test data to obtain frequency domain characteristics of each beam, and amplitude response and phase response of each beam are analyzed according to the frequency domain characteristics.
7. The method for beam forming test of phased array antenna in darkroom free environment as claimed in claim 2, wherein in step S1, the test frequency is set to 2.6GHz to 5.8GHz, and the bandwidth is set to 100MHz to 500MHz.
8. The method for testing beam forming of the phased array antenna in the darkroom-free environment according to claim 3, wherein in the step S2, the algorithm isolation adopts a spatial filtering algorithm or an adaptive beam forming algorithm, and the cross coupling suppression degree is more than 40 dB.
9. The method for testing beamforming of a phased array antenna in a darkroom-free environment as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S4, generating the performance evaluation report comprises comparing gain, directivity, and sidelobe level indexes of each beam, and evaluating overall performance of the phased array antenna.

Description

Phased array antenna beam forming test method in darkroom-free environment Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of complete machine testing of satellite communication terminals, in particular to a phased array antenna beam forming testing method in a darkroom-free environment. Background With the rapid development of satellite communication technology, phased array antennas are widely applied in the field of satellite communication terminals due to the advantages of high beam scanning speed, easiness in beam forming, convenience in platform control and the like, however, in practical application, the testing and evaluation of phased array antennas still face a plurality of challenges; The conventional antenna test method generally depends on fixed test facilities such as a microwave darkroom and a calibration tower, and has the following disadvantages: Firstly, the test field is severely limited, and for a maneuvering phased array antenna system which is deployed in an external field, the practical performance of the antenna is difficult to acquire in time, and particularly, the number of the adapted large darkrooms is extremely small for a large-sized vehicle-mounted phased array system; secondly, the testing flexibility is poor, and the method cannot adapt to the diversified requirements of actual working scenes; Thirdly, the equipment construction cost is high, and the maintenance difficulty is high; The root cause of the above problem is that the conventional testing method must be tested in a controlled environment such as a darkroom by a physical connection mode, and cannot directly evaluate the beamforming performance of the phased array antenna in an external field environment. In addition, with the development of phased array technology, the number of beams that an antenna system can form gradually increases, and the prior art mainly adopts a mode of manually performing serial test one antenna beam by one antenna beam, and has the following problems: firstly, the testing efficiency is low, and the time is long by means of manual beam-by-beam testing, and the normal execution of tasks is influenced; Secondly, misoperation is easy to be caused by manual repeated operation, so that the test error is large and the precision is low; Thirdly, the test requirement of the multi-beam simultaneous working scene cannot be met; Therefore, there is a need for a phased array antenna beam forming test method that can operate flexibly in the external field without depending on a fixed test environment, so as to solve the problem of darkroom dependence, and further improve the test efficiency and accuracy if multi-beam parallel testing can be realized. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to overcome the defects that the phased array antenna test in the prior art depends on fixed test facilities such as a microwave darkroom and the like, the test field is limited, the test flexibility is poor, the equipment construction cost is high and the like, and provides a phased array antenna beam forming test method under the darkroom-free environment, so that the non-contact test of the radio frequency performance of the phased array antenna under the external field environment is realized, and meanwhile, the multi-beam parallel test is supported to improve the test efficiency. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the technical scheme that the phased array antenna beam forming testing method under the darkroom-free environment comprises the following steps: S1, initializing test system configuration, namely setting basic parameters of a test system, initializing states of a test antenna and a phased array antenna, and checking connection states of all components of the test system; Step S2, establishing a darkroom-free test environment, namely connecting a test antenna with a channel simulator, reducing cross coupling of a non-corresponding channel through algorithm isolation, connecting a tested antenna of a phased array antenna with a test system, establishing a signal transmission link between the test antenna and the tested antenna through a wireless channel by adopting a virtual wire connection mode, and realizing non-contact test on radio frequency performance of the phased array antenna; S3, performing multi-beam parallel test, namely moving a mobile station to a preset test area, adjusting impedance of a test antenna in an electronic tuning mode, realizing independent control of an uplink and a downlink through a beam shaper, and automatically performing parallel test of a plurality of beams according to a preset test scheme; And S4, analyzing the test result and generating a report, namely processing and analyzing the collected test data, generating a test report containing the test environment, the test parameters and the test result, and generating a performance evaluation report according to the analysis result. Further, in the step S1, setting basic parameters of