CN-121985390-A - Vehicle OTA upgrade channel switching method, device, equipment and storage medium

CN121985390ACN 121985390 ACN121985390 ACN 121985390ACN-121985390-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a vehicle OTA upgrading channel switching method, device, equipment and storage medium, wherein after an OTA upgrading task is received, information of a currently available communication channel of a vehicle to be upgraded is acquired in real time, safety and reliability of each available communication channel are comprehensively evaluated to obtain comprehensive scores, a channel corresponding to the highest score with the score value larger than a first preset threshold value is selected from the comprehensive scores to serve as an initial upgrading channel before the OTA of the vehicle to be upgraded is upgraded, the score value change of the initial upgrading channel is continuously monitored in the upgrading process, when the score value of the initial upgrading channel is detected to be continuously lower than a second preset threshold value, the current transmission task is suspended, the initial upgrading channel is switched to an alternative channel with the highest comprehensive score, a reauthentication flow is executed, the OTA upgrading task is continuously completed by utilizing a breakpoint continuous transmission mechanism, the first preset threshold value is larger than the second preset threshold value, and the success rate and safety of the OTA upgrading can be remarkably improved.

Inventors

WANG JUN
LIN KAI
FENG ZHANGQI
ZHANG JINDONG
SONG QIANQIAN

Assignees

襄阳达安汽车检测中心有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260130

Claims (10)

1. The vehicle OTA upgrade channel switching method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: After receiving an OTA upgrading task, collecting currently available communication channel information of a vehicle to be upgraded in real time, and comprehensively evaluating the safety and reliability of each available communication channel to obtain comprehensive scores; before the OTA of the vehicle to be upgraded is upgraded, selecting a channel corresponding to the highest score with the score value larger than a first preset threshold value from the comprehensive scores as an initial upgrading channel, and continuously monitoring the score value change of the initial upgrading channel in the upgrading process; And when the score value of the initial upgrading channel is detected to be continuously lower than a second preset threshold value, suspending the current transmission task, switching the initial upgrading channel to the alternative channel with the highest comprehensive score, executing a re-authentication process and continuously completing the OTA upgrading task by using a breakpoint continuous transmission mechanism, wherein the first preset threshold value is larger than the second preset threshold value.
2. The method for switching over an OTA upgrade channel of a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein after receiving an OTA upgrade task, collecting information of communication channels currently available for a vehicle to be upgraded in real time, and comprehensively evaluating safety and reliability of each available communication channel to obtain a comprehensive score, includes: After receiving the OTA upgrading task, acquiring the currently available communication channel information of the vehicle to be upgraded in real time; evaluating the network quality of each available communication channel according to the communication channel information to obtain a network quality score; Evaluating the safety capability of each available communication channel according to the communication channel information to obtain a safety capability score; Evaluating the historical reliability of each available communication channel according to the communication channel information to obtain a historical reliability score; Determining a composite score based on the network quality score, the security capability score, and the historical reliability score.
3. The method for switching over an OTA upgrade path of a vehicle according to claim 2, wherein said evaluating the network quality of each available communication path according to said communication path information to obtain a network quality score comprises: acquiring network delay, average bandwidth and packet loss rate corresponding to each available communication channel from the communication channel information; and evaluating the network quality of each available communication channel according to the network delay, the average bandwidth and the packet loss rate after normalization processing, and obtaining a network quality score through the following calculation: Wherein, the The network quality is scored for the purpose of, In order to delay the weight coefficient of the weight, For the purpose of network delay, As the bandwidth weight coefficient of the signal, the signal is the bandwidth weight coefficient, For the average bandwidth to be the same, As the weight coefficient of the packet loss rate, In order for the packet loss rate to be the same, The normalization process is represented.
4. The method for switching over an OTA upgrade path of a vehicle according to claim 2, wherein said evaluating the security capability of each available communication path according to the communication path information, obtaining a security capability score, comprises: acquiring the TLS protocol security level, the key length security level, the certificate status and the bidirectional authentication capability corresponding to each available communication channel from the communication channel information; obtaining a computational security capability score from the TLS protocol security level, the key length security level, the certificate status, and the mutual authentication capability by: Wherein, the For the purpose of scoring the security capabilities, For the TLS protocol level weight coefficient, For the security level of the TLS protocol, For the key length class weight coefficient, For the key length security level, As the certificate status weight coefficient, In the state of the certificate, As the weight coefficient of the mutual authentication capability, Is a two-way authentication capability.
5. The method for switching over an OTA upgrade path of a vehicle according to claim 2, wherein said evaluating the historical reliability of each available communication path according to said communication path information, obtaining a historical reliability score, comprises: Acquiring the corresponding transmission failure times, handshake failure times, network interruption times, security attack event counts and total attempt times of each available communication channel from the communication channel information; obtaining an anomaly rate according to the transmission failure times, the handshake failure times, the network interruption times, the security attack event count and the total attempt times by the following formula: Wherein, the In order for the anomaly rate to be the anomaly rate, For the transmission failure weight coefficient, In order to determine the number of transmission failures, As a handshake failure weight coefficient, For the number of handshake failures, For the network outage weight coefficient, For the number of network outages, For the security attack event weight coefficient, For the security attack event count to be made, Is the total number of attempts; Obtaining a historical reliability score according to the anomaly rate through the following formula: Wherein, the For the historical reliability score to be a score, Is the base of the natural logarithm, In order to penalize the amplification factor, Is the abnormality rate.
6. The vehicle OTA upgrade path switching method of claim 2 wherein said determining a composite score from said network quality score, said security capability score, and said historical reliability score comprises: obtaining a composite score from the network quality score, the security capability score, and the historical reliability score by calculating: Wherein, the For the purpose of the composite score, As a weight coefficient of the quality of the network, The network quality is scored for the purpose of, For the safety capability weight coefficient, For the purpose of scoring the security capabilities, As a historical reliability weight coefficient, Historical reliability scores are provided.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the suspending the current transmission task when detecting that the score value of the initial upgrade channel is continuously lower than a second preset threshold value, switching the initial upgrade channel to the alternative channel with the highest comprehensive score, executing a re-authentication process, and continuing to complete the OTA upgrade task by using a breakpoint resume mechanism, wherein the first preset threshold value is greater than the second preset threshold value comprises: When the fact that the scoring value of the initial upgrading channel is continuously preset for times lower than a second preset threshold value is detected, suspending a current transmission task, and storing current transmission state information into a nonvolatile memory, wherein the first preset threshold value is larger than the second preset threshold value; Screening the alternative channel with the highest comprehensive score from all available communication channels as a target upgrading channel, and switching the initial upgrading channel to the target upgrading channel; After channel switching is completed, session key renegotiation, server identity authentication and upgrade package integrity verification are carried out, the OTA upgrade task is continuously completed through the target upgrade channel by utilizing a breakpoint continuous transmission mechanism, only unfinished upgrade data parts are requested and downloaded, data integrity is verified by comparing hash values of corresponding data blocks of a source server and a vehicle to be upgraded, and meanwhile transmission progress state information is updated.
8. The vehicle OTA upgrade channel switching device is characterized in that the vehicle OTA upgrade channel switching device comprises: the comprehensive evaluation module is used for collecting the information of the currently available communication channels of the vehicle to be upgraded in real time after receiving the OTA upgrading task, and comprehensively evaluating the safety and the reliability of each available communication channel to obtain a comprehensive score; The initial upgrading monitoring module is used for selecting a channel corresponding to the highest score with the score value larger than a first preset threshold value from the comprehensive scores as an initial upgrading channel before the OTA of the vehicle to be upgraded is upgraded, and continuously monitoring the score value change of the initial upgrading channel in the upgrading process; And the channel switching module is used for suspending the current transmission task when detecting that the score value of the initial upgrading channel is continuously lower than a second preset threshold value, switching the initial upgrading channel to the alternative channel with the highest comprehensive score, executing a re-authentication process and continuously completing the OTA upgrading task by using a breakpoint continuous transmission mechanism, wherein the first preset threshold value is larger than the second preset threshold value.
9. A vehicle OTA upgrade path switching device comprising a memory, a processor, and a vehicle OTA upgrade path switching program stored on the memory and operable on the processor, the vehicle OTA upgrade path switching program configured to implement the steps of the vehicle OTA upgrade path switching method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A storage medium having stored thereon a vehicle OTA upgrade channel switching program which when executed by a processor implements the steps of the vehicle OTA upgrade channel switching method of any one of claims 1 to 7.

Description

Vehicle OTA upgrade channel switching method, device, equipment and storage medium Technical Field The present invention relates to the field of intelligent network connection over-the-air (OTA) upgrade technologies, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, a device, and a storage medium for switching an OTA upgrade channel of a vehicle. Background With The increasing complexity of intelligent networking automobile functions, remote Over-The-Air (OTA) upgrades have become a key means to enhance user experience, repair vulnerabilities, and distribute new functions. However, currently, the OTA transmission path is usually fixed on a certain communication channel (such as a cellular network), and when the network quality fluctuates or suffers from security risks such as man-in-the-middle attack, transmission hijacking, etc., the system lacks a coping mechanism, which is easy to cause upgrade interruption, failure, and even system abnormality. In the prior art, channel assessment only focuses on single indexes such as network bandwidth and the like, lacks comprehensive consideration, cannot fully reflect the real performance of the channel, and meanwhile, when the channel quality is reduced in the upgrading process, the conventional system often lacks a scientific dynamic switching mechanism and a safe rollback strategy, so that the whole upgrading process needs to be restarted after the upgrading is interrupted, network resources are wasted, and a vehicle is in an unsafe intermediate state possibly. Disclosure of Invention The invention mainly aims to provide a vehicle OTA upgrading channel switching method, device, equipment and storage medium, and aims to solve the technical problems of high upgrading failure rate, high safety risk and network resource waste caused by single communication channel selection mechanism, lack of multi-dimensional safety reliability evaluation and imperfect dynamic switching strategy in the intelligent network connection automobile OTA upgrading process in the prior art. In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for switching an OTA upgrade channel of a vehicle, where the method for switching an OTA upgrade channel of a vehicle includes the following steps: After receiving an OTA upgrading task, collecting currently available communication channel information of a vehicle to be upgraded in real time, and comprehensively evaluating the safety and reliability of each available communication channel to obtain comprehensive scores; before the OTA of the vehicle to be upgraded is upgraded, selecting a channel corresponding to the highest score with the score value larger than a first preset threshold value from the comprehensive scores as an initial upgrading channel, and continuously monitoring the score value change of the initial upgrading channel in the upgrading process; And when the score value of the initial upgrading channel is detected to be continuously lower than a second preset threshold value, suspending the current transmission task, switching the initial upgrading channel to the alternative channel with the highest comprehensive score, executing a re-authentication process and continuously completing the OTA upgrading task by using a breakpoint continuous transmission mechanism, wherein the first preset threshold value is larger than the second preset threshold value. Optionally, after receiving the task of OTA upgrade, collecting information of currently available communication channels of the vehicle to be upgraded in real time, and performing comprehensive evaluation on safety and reliability of each available communication channel to obtain a comprehensive score, where the comprehensive score includes: After receiving the OTA upgrading task, acquiring the currently available communication channel information of the vehicle to be upgraded in real time; evaluating the network quality of each available communication channel according to the communication channel information to obtain a network quality score; Evaluating the safety capability of each available communication channel according to the communication channel information to obtain a safety capability score; Evaluating the historical reliability of each available communication channel according to the communication channel information to obtain a historical reliability score; Determining a composite score based on the network quality score, the security capability score, and the historical reliability score. Optionally, the evaluating the network quality of each available communication channel according to the communication channel information to obtain a network quality score includes: acquiring network delay, average bandwidth and packet loss rate corresponding to each available communication channel from the communication channel information; and evaluating the network quality of each available communication channel according to the network delay, the average bandwidth and the packet lo