CN-121985520-A - Passive cooling device and HUD optical system

CN121985520ACN 121985520 ACN121985520 ACN 121985520ACN-121985520-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of HUD, and provides a passive cooling device and a HUD optical system, wherein the passive cooling device is composed of a heat radiation plate and a plurality of layers of phase change composite films, the temperature control film adopts a multi-layer lamination design comprising a radiation control layer, a temperature control phase change layer, a total transmission absorption layer and a metal layer, the temperature control phase change layer is formed by tungsten doped vanadium dioxide materials, the bidirectional thermal control switching of emissivity is realized by utilizing the phase change characteristics of the temperature control phase change layer, the temperature control phase change layer shows stable spectral selectivity in all-weather environments, the phase change composite film has the transmittance of about 0.55 in a wide spectral range of 0.3-0.8 mu m, and the transmittance of near infrared wave bands of 0.8-2.5 mu m is as low as 0.1-0.33, so that external thermal radiation can be effectively blocked. Thus, by virtue of the phase change characteristic, the film realizes the self-adaptive switching of emissivity between 0.93 (high temperature) and 0.11 (low temperature), no external energy input is needed, the excellent emissivity contrast is generated, and the excellent all-weather energy-saving performance and the bidirectional thermal regulation efficiency are generated.

Inventors

XIAO XIANGFENG
LIU HAILONG

Assignees

深圳市瀚思通汽车电子有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260403

Claims (9)

1. A passive cooling device is characterized by comprising a heat radiation plate and a phase change composite film: The heat radiation plate is arranged around the periphery of the heat source, and the bottom surface of the heat radiation plate is contacted with the mounting area of the heat source so as to execute heat interaction; The phase change composite film comprises a first film surface and a second film surface, the first film surface is covered on the surface of the heat dissipation plate, and the second film surface is in contact with air; When the ambient temperature is lower than the phase change threshold, the phase change composite film has low emissivity, and heat radiation of the heat radiation plate to the air is restrained, so that bidirectional regulation and control of the heat radiation are formed.
2. The passive cooling device of claim 1, wherein the phase change composite film comprises a radiation control layer, a temperature control phase change layer, a total transmission absorption layer and a metal layer which are stacked, wherein the surface of the radiation control layer is used as a second film surface to be in contact with air, and the bottom surface of the metal layer is used as a first film surface to cover the surface of the heat dissipation plate.
3. A passive cooling device according to claim 2, wherein the temperature-controlled phase-change layer comprises a tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide material; When the ambient temperature is higher than the phase change threshold, the phase state of the temperature control phase change layer is a metal state and presents a high emissivity state to execute radiation cooling, and when the ambient temperature is lower than the phase change threshold, the phase state of the temperature control phase change layer is changed into a medium state and presents a low emissivity state to execute radiation heat preservation.
4. A passive cooling device according to claim 2, wherein the radiation modulating layer is etched with a plurality of periodic uniformly arranged microstructures, the microstructures including through holes penetrating the radiation modulating layer, the periodic microstructures enhancing light absorption in the atmospheric window band based on grating coupling effects.
5. A passive cooling device according to claim 4, wherein the radiation modulating layer comprises a fluoride material.
6. A passive cooling device according to claim 2, wherein the fully transmissive absorber layer comprises a fluoride material.
7. A passive cooling device according to claim 2, wherein the metal layer comprises a silver coating for transmitting visible light, reflecting light in the near infrared band, and reflecting radiation in the full atmospheric window band.
8. A passive cooling device according to claim 7, wherein the heat sink comprises a copper substrate.
9. The HUD optical system is characterized by comprising the passive cooling device according to any one of claims 1-8, and further comprising a light machine, wherein an LED lamp is arranged on the light machine, the heat dissipation plate is arranged around the periphery of the LED lamp, and the bottom surface of the heat dissipation plate is in contact with the mounting area of the LED lamp to execute heat interaction.

Description

Passive cooling device and HUD optical system Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of HUDs, and particularly relates to a passive cooling device and a HUD optical system. Background Along with the rapid development of the intelligent and display technology of automobiles, the HUD system is evolving towards high brightness, miniaturization and functional integration, the problem of heat accumulation generated by optical devices of the HUD system under long-time operation is increasingly outstanding, the display stability and the service life are seriously affected, and a high-efficiency and intelligent heat pipe understanding solution is needed to be introduced. Vanadium dioxide (VO 2) is used as a typical phase change material, and has wide application prospect in the field of intelligent thermal management by virtue of the phase change induced near infrared spectrum dynamic response characteristic and good visible light permeability. However, the existing VO 2-based passive cooling technology still faces a double technical bottleneck in practical application: Firstly, the intrinsic phase transition temperature of VO2 is as high as 68 ℃ and is far higher than a daily environment temperature window, so that the self-adaptive heat regulation and control function is difficult to realize under the conventional climate condition; secondly, the existing passive radiation cooling device mostly adopts a multilayer film stacking structure, so that the preparation process is complex, the number of film layers is excessive, and the interface defect is outstanding, thereby severely restricting the yield of devices and the feasibility of large-scale preparation. In order to reduce the phase transition temperature, modification is attempted by tungsten ion doping in the prior art, but the radiation cooling and heat preservation efficiency of the material is often obviously sacrificed in the doping process, so that the emissivity contrast is reduced, and the dual requirements of low-temperature driving and efficient regulation are difficult to be met. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to disclose a passive cooling device and a HUD optical system, and solves the technical problems of high phase transition temperature, low radiation heat preservation efficiency, complex process and low yield of the traditional passive radiation cooling device. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention discloses a passive cooling device, which comprises a heat dissipation plate and a phase change composite film: The heat radiation plate is arranged around the periphery of the heat source, and the bottom surface of the heat radiation plate is contacted with the mounting area of the heat source so as to execute heat interaction; The phase change composite film comprises a first film surface and a second film surface, the first film surface is covered on the surface of the heat dissipation plate, and the second film surface is in contact with air; When the ambient temperature is lower than the phase change threshold, the phase change composite film has low emissivity, and heat radiation of the heat radiation plate to the air is restrained, so that bidirectional regulation and control of the heat radiation are formed. As an optional implementation manner, the phase change composite film comprises a radiation control layer, a temperature control phase change layer, a total transmission absorption layer and a metal layer which are stacked, wherein the surface of the radiation control layer is used as a second film surface to be in contact with air, and the bottom surface of the metal layer is used as a first film surface to cover the surface of the heat dissipation plate. As an alternative embodiment, the temperature-controlled phase-change layer comprises a tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide material; When the ambient temperature is higher than the phase change threshold, the phase state of the temperature control phase change layer is a metal state and presents a high emissivity state to execute radiation cooling, and when the ambient temperature is lower than the phase change threshold, the phase state of the temperature control phase change layer is changed into a medium state and presents a low emissivity state to execute radiation heat preservation. As an alternative implementation mode, a plurality of microstructures which are periodically and uniformly arranged are etched on the radiation regulating layer, the microstructures comprise through holes which penetrate through the radiation regulating layer, and the periodic microstructures enhance light absorption of an atmospheric window band based on a grating coupling effect. As an alternative embodiment, the radiation modulating layer comprises a fluoride material. As an alternative embodiment, the fully transmissive absorbing layer comprises a fluoride material. As an alternative embodiment, the metal layer comprises a silver coating for tra