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CN-121985669-A - Tin-based perovskite solar cell, preparation method and photoelectric device

CN121985669ACN 121985669 ACN121985669 ACN 121985669ACN-121985669-A

Abstract

The invention relates to a tin-based perovskite solar cell, a preparation method and a photoelectric device, wherein the tin-based perovskite solar cell comprises a conductive substrate layer, an electron transport layer, an interface layer, a tin-based perovskite film layer, a hole transport layer and an electrode layer which are stacked; the interfacial layer contains a covalent organic framework material. The covalent organic framework material can generate electron hole pairs under the illumination condition, wherein electrons in a conduction band migrate to the surface of perovskite and can inhibit oxidation of Sn 2+ , and passivation groups such as carbonyl groups, amino groups and the like contained in the covalent organic framework material are beneficial to passivation of metal defects on the surface of a tin-based perovskite film layer. Therefore, the tin-based perovskite solar cell provided by the invention has higher cell performance.

Inventors

  • LI ZIJIA
  • HE CHENXU
  • WANG WENSONG
  • LI XIAOWEI
  • WANG YONG

Assignees

  • 正泰新能科技股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260203

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The tin-based perovskite solar cell is characterized by comprising a conductive substrate layer, an electron transport layer, an interface layer, a tin-based perovskite film layer, a hole transport layer and an electrode layer which are stacked; the interface layer contains covalent organic framework materials, and the structural formula of the covalent organic framework materials is as follows: ; Wherein the dotted line represents a site connected with another unit, and n is an integer of 0 to 9.
  2. 2. The tin-based perovskite solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the method of preparing the covalent organic framework material comprises: Mixing 1,3,6, 8-tetra (4-formaldehyde phenyl) pyrene and a coreactant in a mixed solvent, and reacting for 60-80 hours at 110-130 ℃ in a sealed environment, wherein a solid product obtained by the reaction is subjected to organic solvent cleaning and vacuum drying to obtain the covalent organic framework material; the mixed solvent comprises meta-xylene, 1, 4-dioxane and acetic acid, wherein the volume ratio of the meta-xylene to the acetic acid is 4:1-6:1, the volume ratio of the 1, 4-dioxane to the acetic acid is 4:1-6:1, and the concentration of the acetic acid is 5-7 mol/L; The structural formula of the coreactant is as follows: ; Wherein n is an integer of 0 to 9.
  3. 3. The tin-based perovskite solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the interface layer is 20 nm-100 nm.
  4. 4. The tin-based perovskite solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the tin-based perovskite film layer is 100 nm-400 nm; And/or the general formula of the tin-based perovskite material of the tin-based perovskite film layer is ABX 3 , wherein A comprises any one or combination of at least two of CH 3 NH 3 + 、CH(NH 2 ) 2 + 、Cs + or Rb + , B comprises Sn 2+ or combination of Sn 2+ and Pb 2+ , and X comprises any one or combination of at least two of Cl - 、Br - or I - .
  5. 5. The tin-based perovskite solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the material of the conductive substrate layer comprises ITO conductive glass and/or FTO conductive glass; And/or the material of the electron transport layer comprises any one or a combination of at least two of C 60 , [6,6] -phenyl-C61-methyl butyrate, 2, 9-dimethyl-4, 7-diphenyl-1, 10-phenanthroline, tiO 2 、SnO 2 , znO or ZnO-ZnS; And/or the hole transport layer is made of any one or a combination of at least two of poly [ bis (4-phenyl) (2, 4, 6-trimethylphenyl) amine ], 2', 7' -tetra [ N, N-bis (4-methoxyphenyl) amino ] -9,9' -spirobifluorene, poly 3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene, polystyrene sulfonate, 4-butyl-N, N-diphenylaniline homopolymer, polyvinylcarbazole, nickel oxide, cuI or CuSCN; And/or the electrode layer is made of any one or a combination of at least two of Al, au, ag and carbon.
  6. 6. A method for preparing a tin-based perovskite solar cell, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: sequentially stacking a conductive substrate layer, an electron transport layer, an interface layer, a tin-based perovskite film layer, a hole transport layer and an electrode layer to obtain the tin-based perovskite solar cell according to any one of claims 1-5; the step of setting the interface layer comprises the steps of coating covalent organic framework material solution on the surface of an electron transport layer and annealing to obtain the interface layer.
  7. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the concentration of covalent organic framework material in the solution of covalent organic framework material is 1mg/mL to 5mg/mL; And/or the solvent in the solution of covalent organic framework material comprises any one or a combination of at least two of water, ethanol, methanol or acetonitrile.
  8. 8. The method according to claim 6, wherein the annealing temperature is 110 ℃ to 130 ℃; And/or the annealing time is 10-20 min.
  9. 9. The preparation method of the tin-based perovskite film layer according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the method for preparing the tin-based perovskite film layer comprises the steps of preparing a perovskite precursor solution containing a tin-based perovskite material, coating the perovskite precursor solution on the surface of the interface layer, and heating to obtain the tin-based perovskite film layer; And/or the solvent of the perovskite precursor solution comprises any one or a combination of at least two of N, N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, gamma-butyrolactone, 1, 3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, dimethylacetamide, N-dimethylpropylurea, acetonitrile or 2-mercaptoethanol.
  10. 10. An optoelectronic device, characterized in that the optoelectronic device comprises the tin-based perovskite solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 5, or the tin-based perovskite solar cell prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 6 to 9.

Description

Tin-based perovskite solar cell, preparation method and photoelectric device Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of solar cells, and relates to a tin-based perovskite solar cell, a preparation method and a photoelectric device. Background With the continued development of human society, the demand for energy has grown. Traditional energy sources such as petroleum, natural gas, coal and the like belong to non-renewable energy sources, reserves are continuously reduced, and the use process of the renewable energy sources can bring great pollution to the environment. Therefore, the development of renewable green clean energy is particularly urgent and important. The solar energy has outstanding advantages, is inexhaustible and does not affect the environment, related application research has been paid more attention, clean, pollution-free and huge-reserve solar energy is developed, and the solar energy also becomes a focus of attention and research for scientific researchers. Organic-inorganic halide perovskite materials are receiving a great deal of attention in the photovoltaic field by virtue of their excellent photoelectric properties. However, the heavy metal lead contained in the materials is harmful to the environment and human bodies, and the commercialization process is seriously hindered. Tin and lead have the same outer electronic structure and similar ionic radius, can form the same type of three-dimensional perovskite structure, have more ideal optical band gap, are the materials which are hopeful to replace lead-based perovskite and are hopeful to obtain better photovoltaic performance. Currently, tin-based perovskite solar cells have achieved recording efficiencies in excess of 14%. However, current research on tin-based perovskite solar cells still faces a number of serious challenges. On one hand, the tin-based perovskite material is extremely easy to oxidize, and Sn vacancies are generated, which can cause serious non-radiative recombination loss and voltage loss, and on the other hand, I - and A-site organic cations in the material are easy to volatilize in the annealing process, so that the crystallization process of the tin-based perovskite film is more difficult to control, the film morphology is relatively poor, disordered grains are easy to form, and a large number of three-dimensional defects are generated. These defects may facilitate oxygen and moisture attack, greatly reducing device performance and stability. In view of this, there is a need to provide a tin-based perovskite solar cell with improved performance and stability, a method of manufacturing the same, and an optoelectronic device. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a tin-based perovskite solar cell, a preparation method and a photoelectric device, wherein the tin-based perovskite solar cell can effectively inhibit the oxidation of Sn 2+ in a tin-based perovskite film layer and passivate metal defects on the surface by arranging an interface layer containing a covalent organic framework material, so that the tin-based perovskite solar cell has higher cell performance. In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a tin-based perovskite solar cell, the tin-based perovskite solar cell comprising a conductive substrate layer, an electron transport layer, an interface layer, a tin-based perovskite film layer, a hole transport layer and an electrode layer which are stacked; the interface layer contains covalent organic framework materials, and the structural formula of the covalent organic framework materials is as follows: ; wherein the dotted line represents a site of connection to another unit, and n is an integer of 0 to 9, for example, 0,1, 2,3,4,5, 6, 7, 8 or 9. According to the tin-based perovskite solar cell provided by the invention, the interface layer is arranged between the electron transmission layer and the tin-based perovskite film layer, the covalent organic framework material in the interface layer can generate electron hole pairs under the illumination condition, electrons in the conduction band migrate to the perovskite surface and can inhibit oxidation of Sn 2+, and passivation groups such as carbonyl, amino and the like contained in the covalent organic framework material are beneficial to passivation of metal defects on the surface of the tin-based perovskite film layer, so that the tin-based perovskite solar cell provided by the invention has higher cell performance. In certain embodiments, the method of preparing a covalent organic framework material comprises: Mixing 1,3,6, 8-tetra (4-formaldehyde phenyl) pyrene and a coreactant in a mixed solvent, and reacting for 60-80 hours at 110-130 ℃ in a sealed environment, wherein a solid product obtained by the reaction is subjected to organic solvent cleaning and vacu