CN-121985675-A - Organic light-emitting diode with visible-infrared multispectral wave band free switching function

CN121985675ACN 121985675 ACN121985675 ACN 121985675ACN-121985675-A

Abstract

The invention discloses an organic light-emitting diode with a visible-infrared multispectral wave band free switching function. The organic light emitting diode sequentially comprises an anode, a hole injection/transmission layer, an infrared light emitting unit, a charge generation layer, a visible light emitting unit, an electron injection/transmission layer and a cathode, wherein the infrared light emitting unit is made of a thermally activated delayed fluorescent material, the charge generation layer sequentially comprises a P-type semiconductor layer, a transparent conductive layer, a buffer layer and an N-type semiconductor layer, the P-type semiconductor layer is arranged adjacent to the visible light emitting unit, and the N-type semiconductor layer is arranged adjacent to the infrared light emitting unit. The infrared light-emitting unit is prepared by thermally activating the delayed fluorescent material, so that the internal quantum efficiency of the organic light-emitting diode is effectively improved. In addition, by designing the charge generation layer with high conductivity to connect each light-emitting unit in series, an organic illumination light source with visible-infrared multispectral wave band free switching function can be constructed.

Inventors

LIU BAIQUAN
ZHOU YUBO
LI JIAJIE
LUO DONGXIANG
XIAO PENG
LIN SHIXIANG
LIAO SHAOLIN

Assignees

中山大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20251229

Claims (10)

1. The organic light-emitting diode with the visible-infrared multispectral band free switching function is characterized by sequentially comprising an anode, a hole injection/transmission layer, an infrared light-emitting unit, a charge generation layer, a visible light-emitting unit, an electron injection/transmission layer and a cathode, wherein the infrared light-emitting unit is made of a thermally activated delayed fluorescent material, the charge generation layer sequentially comprises a P-type semiconductor layer, a transparent conductive layer, a buffer layer and an N-type semiconductor layer, the P-type semiconductor layer is arranged adjacent to the visible light-emitting unit, and the N-type semiconductor layer is arranged adjacent to the infrared light-emitting unit.
2. The organic light emitting diode with visible-infrared multi-spectral band free-switching function as defined in claim 1, wherein, The manufacturing material of the P-type semiconductor layer comprises one or more of ‌ polyvinylcarbazole, TPD, NPB, CBP, TCTA, TAPC and spiro-TAD; the transparent conductive layer is made of indium tin oxide or indium zinc oxide; The manufacturing material of the buffer layer comprises Al or Ag; the manufacturing material of the N-type semiconductor layer comprises ‌ PO-T2T or TmPyPB.
3. The organic light emitting diode with visible-infrared multi-spectral band free switching function as defined in claim 1, further comprising a first DC power source, a second DC power source, a third DC power source, and a first AC power source; one end of the first direct current power supply is connected with the cathode, and the other end of the first direct current power supply is connected with the anode through a first switch; one end of the second direct current power supply is connected with the cathode, and the other end of the second direct current power supply is connected with the charge generation layer through a first switch; one end of the third direct current power supply is connected with the anode, and the other end of the third direct current power supply is connected with the charge generation layer through a first switch; one end of the first alternating current power supply is connected with the charge generation layer, and the other end of the first alternating current power supply is connected with the cathode or the anode through a second change-over switch.
4. An organic light emitting diode with visible-infrared multispectral band free-switching functionality according to claim 3, When the first switch is turned on and the other switches are turned off, the infrared light emitting unit generates infrared light, and the visible light emitting unit generates visible light; when the first change-over switch is connected with the other end of the second direct current power supply and the other switches are disconnected, the visible light emitting unit generates visible light; when the first change-over switch is connected with the other end of the third direct current power supply and the other switches are disconnected, the infrared light emitting unit generates infrared light; when the second change-over switch is connected with the cathode and the other switches are disconnected, the visible light emitting unit generates visible light; when the second change-over switch is connected with the anode and the other switches are disconnected, the infrared light emitting unit generates infrared light.
5. The organic light emitting diode with visible-infrared multi-spectral band free switching function as defined in claim 1, further comprising a first DC power source, a second DC power source, and a first AC power source; one end of the first direct current power supply is connected with the cathode, and the other end of the first direct current power supply is connected with the anode through a first switch; one end of the second direct current power supply is connected with the charge generation layer, and the other end of the second direct current power supply is connected with the cathode or the anode through a first change-over switch; one end of the first alternating current power supply is connected with the charge generation layer, and the other end of the first alternating current power supply is connected with the cathode or the anode through a second change-over switch.
6. The organic light emitting diode with visible-infrared multi-spectral band free-switching functionality as defined in claim 5, wherein, When the first switch is turned on and the other switches are turned off, the infrared light emitting unit generates infrared light, and the visible light emitting unit generates visible light; When the first change-over switch is connected with the cathode and the rest switches are disconnected, the visible light emitting unit generates visible light; When the first change-over switch is connected with the anode and the other switches are disconnected, the infrared light emitting unit generates infrared light; when the second change-over switch is connected with the cathode and the other switches are disconnected, the visible light emitting unit generates visible light; when the second change-over switch is connected with the anode and the other switches are disconnected, the infrared light emitting unit generates infrared light.
7. The organic light emitting diode with visible-infrared multi-spectral band free switching function as defined in claim 1, further comprising a first DC power source, a second DC power source, a third DC power source, and a first AC power source; one end of the first direct current power supply is connected with the cathode, and the other end of the first direct current power supply is connected with the anode through a first switch; one end of the second direct current power supply is connected with the cathode, and the other end of the second direct current power supply is connected with the charge generation layer through a first switch; one end of the third direct current power supply is connected with the anode, and the other end of the third direct current power supply is connected with the charge generation layer through a first switch; One end of the first alternating current power supply is connected with the anode, and the other end of the first alternating current power supply is connected with the charge generation layer or the cathode through a second change-over switch.
8. The organic light emitting diode with visible-infrared multi-spectral band free-switching functionality as defined in claim 7, wherein, When the first switch is turned on and the other switches are turned off, the infrared light emitting unit generates infrared light, and the visible light emitting unit generates visible light; when the first change-over switch is connected with the other end of the second direct current power supply and the other switches are disconnected, the visible light emitting unit generates visible light; when the first change-over switch is connected with the other end of the third direct current power supply and the other switches are disconnected, the infrared light emitting unit generates infrared light; when the second change-over switch is connected with the charge generation layer and the other switches are disconnected, the infrared light emitting unit generates infrared light; When the second change-over switch is connected with the cathode and the other switches are disconnected, the infrared light-emitting unit generates infrared light, and the visible light-emitting unit generates visible light.
9. The organic light emitting diode with visible-infrared multi-spectral band free switching function as defined in claim 1, further comprising a first DC power source, a second DC power source, a third DC power source, and a first AC power source; one end of the first direct current power supply is connected with the cathode, and the other end of the first direct current power supply is connected with the anode through a first switch; one end of the second direct current power supply is connected with the cathode, and the other end of the second direct current power supply is connected with the charge generation layer through a first switch; one end of the third direct current power supply is connected with the anode, and the other end of the third direct current power supply is connected with the charge generation layer through a first switch; one end of the first alternating current power supply is connected with the cathode, and the other end of the first alternating current power supply is connected with the charge generation layer or the anode through a second change-over switch.
10. The organic light emitting diode with visible-infrared multi-spectral band free-switching functionality as defined in claim 9, wherein, When the first switch is turned on and the other switches are turned off, the infrared light emitting unit generates infrared light, and the visible light emitting unit generates visible light; when the first change-over switch is connected with the other end of the second direct current power supply and the other switches are disconnected, the visible light emitting unit generates visible light; when the first change-over switch is connected with the other end of the third direct current power supply and the other switches are disconnected, the infrared light emitting unit generates infrared light; when the second change-over switch is connected with the charge generation layer and the other switches are disconnected, the visible light emitting unit generates visible light; when the second change-over switch is connected with the anode and the other switches are disconnected, the visible light emitting unit generates visible light, and the infrared light emitting unit generates infrared light.

Description

Organic light-emitting diode with visible-infrared multispectral wave band free switching function Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of light-emitting diodes, in particular to an organic light-emitting diode with a visible-infrared multispectral wave band free switching function. Background Organic LIGHT EMITTING light emitting diodes (OLEDs) of monochromatic light have begun to be commercialized in displays and the like, but white OLED technology is still immature. As a novel semiconductor light source, the white light OLED has unique advantages of a surface light source without a heat radiating device, a light and thin device, random adjustment of light color, simulation of sunlight/candle light, transparency, flexibility and the like. The white OLED can be combined with a color filter to realize a red/green/blue three-pixel display technology, and can be used as a sub-pixel to prepare a red/green/blue/white four-pixel display technology with higher specification, and can be used as a backlight source of a liquid crystal display technology. In addition, the white light OLED has the function of protecting health and eyes, and is expected to develop a new generation of semiconductor green lighting technology. Thus, white OLEDs will play an increasingly important role in future photovoltaic applications and lighting system markets. White light organic light emitting diodes (WOLEDs) achieve white light emission by a mixture of complementary colors (e.g., blue/yellow) or three primary colors (red/green/blue), with the core advantages including high contrast, flexibility potential, and process simplicity ‌. The device structure of white organic light emitting diodes is mainly divided into three categories: Single luminescent layer ‌, doping multicolor luminescent material in wide band gap main body, realizing white light by energy transfer, for example, adopting weak epitaxial growth technique to raise external quantum efficiency to 12.8% ‌; the multiple luminescent layers ‌ emit light through spectrum combination, and the energy level matching of the materials of each layer needs to be accurately regulated; The down-conversion structure ‌ uses blue light to excite low-energy materials (such as quantum dots or rare earth complexes) to generate white light. For example, blue MR-TADF materials significantly improve device lifetime and power efficiency ‌ White Organic Light Emitting Diode (WOLED), which is an organic light emitting device that produces white light by complementary color or three primary color mixing, has the characteristics ‌ of high efficiency, high brightness, low power consumption, etc. In recent years, there are also similar implementations to achieve white light emission: Fluorescence/phosphorescence hybrid ‌ combining the stability of fluorescent materials and the high exciton utilization of phosphorescent materials, such as Liu Zhiwei subject group simplified energy transfer process ‌ with d-f transition rare earth complexes; quantum dot enhancement ‌, through the high n-type doped nanocrystalline electron injection layer, make the light effect of white light QLED reach 168-181 lm/W ‌; flexible WOLED ‌ employs flexible substrate and thin film packaging techniques, but faces cost and stability challenges. Although the white OLED has good application prospect, the white OLED has obvious defects of insufficient luminous efficiency, poor reliability and complex preparation process at present. Complex manufacturing processes are generally required, and the device has serious roll-off phenomenon under high brightness, thereby greatly limiting the application of the white light OLED. The scientific root of these problems is mainly that the distribution of charges and excitons in white light OLED devices is complex, and the exciton radiation transition rate is low. The white OLED type is mainly of a two-color type using blue and yellow or red light emitting layers, and of a three-color type using blue, green, and red light emitting layers. The luminescence process mainly consists of carrier injection, carrier transport, exciton generation and exciton radiation. According to spin statistics, singlet and triplet excitons are simultaneously generated in the electroluminescent process in a ratio of 1:3. How to increase the radiative transition of excitons (release energy in the form of photons) and avoid non-radiative transitions (release energy in the form of thermal energy) is critical to achieving high performance devices. In addition, compared to conventional fluorescent materials which capture only singlet excitons, thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence (TADF) and phosphorescent materials can capture both singlet and triplet excitons at the same time, so their internal quantum efficiency can theoretically reach 100%. In addition, how to design the substrate is key to constructing a high performance flexible white OLED, affected by the photon propagation path. Disclosu