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CN-121985982-A - Composite material

CN121985982ACN 121985982 ACN121985982 ACN 121985982ACN-121985982-A

Abstract

The present specification discloses a composite material and a fire extinguishing apparatus applied to a product or an element in an abnormal state or having a possibility of an abnormal state, thereby being able to effectively respond to the abnormal state. For example, the composite material or the like may be applied to an article including a plurality of products or elements to respond to abnormal heat generation, explosion or fire occurring in one element or product and to prevent or minimize the spread of such heat generation, explosion or fire to an adjacent element or product. The composite material and the like also exhibit excellent handleability and storage stability. The present description may also provide uses for such composites and the like.

Inventors

  • LI HONGZHUAN
  • Shen Wuguan
  • WU JINGSHI
  • LI CHENGMIN
  • ZHENG ZHENMEI
  • Jiang Taijing
  • JIN ZHANGHUAN

Assignees

  • 株式会社LG化学

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20250328
Priority Date
20240329

Claims (14)

  1. 1. A composite material comprising: a vaporizable substance; inorganic gel; Inorganic fiber, and An ionic compound in which Deltat f in the following equation 1 is in the range of 5 to 50: [ equation 1] Where K f is the freezing point depression constant of the vaporizable substance, M is the molar concentration of the ionic compound relative to the vaporizable substance, and I is the number of moles of ions generated by dissociation of 1 mole of the ionic compound.
  2. 2. The composite material of claim 1, wherein the ionic compound is one or more selected from acetate, formate, carbonate, and sulfate.
  3. 3. The composite of claim 1, wherein the vaporizable substance has a boiling point in the range of 80 ℃ to 120 ℃.
  4. 4. The composite of claim 1, wherein the vaporizable substance is water.
  5. 5. The composite of claim 1, wherein the content of vaporizable substance is in the range of 40% to 90% by weight.
  6. 6. The composite material of claim 1, comprising 0.5 parts by weight or more of the inorganic gel relative to 100 parts by weight of the vaporizable substance.
  7. 7. The composite material according to claim 1, comprising 5 to 100 parts by weight of the inorganic fiber with respect to 100 parts by weight of the vaporizable substance.
  8. 8. The composite material of claim 1, wherein the inorganic gel is attached to the inorganic fibers or the inorganic gel and the inorganic fibers are entangled with each other.
  9. 9. The composite of claim 1, wherein the ionic compound has a solubility in 100 g water of 10g or greater at 25 ℃.
  10. 10. The composite material of claim 1, further comprising a carbonizable organic species.
  11. 11. The composite of claim 10, further comprising a carbonization catalyst.
  12. 12. A fire extinguishing apparatus, comprising: a housing, and A composite material present in the housing, wherein The composite material comprises a vaporizable substance, an inorganic gel, and inorganic fibers, and The absolute value of Δt in the following equation 2 is less than 15%: [ equation 2] Wherein T2 is the thickness of the fire extinguishing apparatus after being held at 80 ℃ for 1,000 hours, and T1 is the thickness of the fire extinguishing apparatus before being held at 80 ℃ for 1,000 hours.
  13. 13. The fire suppression apparatus of claim 12, wherein the composite material further comprises an ionic compound.
  14. 14. The fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 13, wherein Δt f in the following equation 1 is in the range of 5 to 50: [ equation 1] Where K f is the freezing point depression constant of the vaporizable substance, M is the molar concentration of the ionic compound relative to the vaporizable substance, and I is the number of moles of ions generated by dissociation of 1 mole of the ionic compound.

Description

Composite material Technical Field The present application claims the benefit of priority from korean patent application No. 10-2024-0043097, which is 3/29/2024, and korean patent application No. 10-2024-0174272, which is 11/28/2024, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. The present specification discloses composite materials, fire extinguishing apparatus comprising the composite materials, and uses of the composite materials and the fire extinguishing apparatus. Background The importance of a technique for processing heat generated from a product becomes greater, but the processing, maintenance, and control of heat in a product composed of a plurality of heating elements (heating elements) are difficult problems. For example, it is very important to prevent the so-called TR (Thermal Runaway ) or TP (Thermal Propagation, thermal propagation) phenomenon that occurs in a battery module or a battery pack. The battery module or battery pack includes a plurality of battery cells or a plurality of battery modules that are relatively positioned adjacent to each other. In such a structure, a phenomenon in which abnormal heat, fire, explosion, and/or the like occurring in one battery cell and/or battery module is transferred to other adjacent battery cells in a chained manner is called a TR or TP phenomenon. In terms of safety, it is necessary to manage a chain fire or a chain explosion caused by such TR or TP phenomenon. Disclosure of Invention Technical problem The specification discloses composite materials, fire extinguishing apparatus, and uses thereof. The present specification aims to disclose a composite material and a fire extinguishing apparatus applied to a product or an element in which an abnormal state has occurred or which has a possibility of forming an abnormal state, thereby enabling effective response to an abnormal state. For example, the composite materials and fire extinguishing apparatus disclosed herein are applied to articles comprising a plurality of products or elements, whereby transmission of abnormal conditions occurring in any one product or element to other products or elements can be prevented or minimized. Another object of the present specification is to disclose a composite material and fire extinguishing apparatus having excellent operability and storage stability. It is a further object of the present specification to disclose the use of the composite material and the fire extinguishing device. Technical proposal In the physical properties mentioned herein, unless otherwise indicated, the physical properties in which temperature affects the physical properties are physical properties measured at room temperature. The term room temperature is a natural temperature without artificial heating or cooling, which means a temperature, for example, in the range of about 10 ℃ to 30 ℃, such as a temperature of about 23 ℃ or about 25 ℃. Unless otherwise indicated, the temperatures mentioned herein are in units of °c. Among the physical properties mentioned herein, when pressure affects the result, the relevant physical properties are those measured at normal pressure unless otherwise indicated. The term atmospheric pressure is a natural pressure without artificial pressurization or depressurization, wherein a pressure generally in the range of about 700 mmHg to 800 to mmHg or so is referred to as atmospheric pressure. Among the physical properties mentioned herein, when humidity affects the result, the relevant physical properties are those measured under room temperature and normal pressure conditions without artificially adjusted humidity, unless otherwise indicated. In the present specification, the term abnormal state refers to a state in which abnormal heat generation, ignition and/or explosion has occurred in any product or element, or there is a risk of abnormal heat generation, ignition and/or explosion. In this specification, the term normal state refers to the state of any product or element without an abnormal state. The present specification discloses composite materials. The specification also discloses fire extinguishing apparatus comprising the composite material. The fire extinguishing apparatus includes a housing having a sealed space therein and a composite material present in the sealed space. For example, the fire extinguishing device may comprise a housing, and the composite material may be present in the housing. The housing may have a sealed interior space, and the composite material may be present in such a sealed space. The housing is a container for holding the composite material. The housing has a sealed space inside. The case where the housing has a sealed space inside means that the housing exists in a state in which the sealed space is formed inside the housing, or the housing exists such that there is a space inside the housing and the space is not in a sealed state, but the sealed space may be formed in such a man