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CN-121986213-A - Mixing device and method for mixing

CN121986213ACN 121986213 ACN121986213 ACN 121986213ACN-121986213-A

Abstract

The invention relates to a mixing device (80) for mixing a relatively cold medium (4) into a relatively warm process medium (5), comprising a line arrangement (6) which comprises a flow path (50) for guiding the process medium (5) and an inlet line (7) which communicates with a confluence opening (8) in the flow path (50) and which is used for introducing a medium flow into the process flow. A measure for increasing the efficiency provides that an energy converter (1) for generating electrical energy from the supplied heat is provided, which is arranged on the one hand in the flow path (50) and on the other hand in the supply line (7) upstream of the junction (8).

Inventors

  • M. Kebo
  • T. Norbert faction
  • J. Schwab

Assignees

  • 德国航空航天中心

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20241010
Priority Date
20231011

Claims (16)

  1. 1. A mixing device (80) for mixing a relatively cold medium (4) into a relatively warm process medium (5), comprising a line arrangement (6) which comprises a flow path (50) for guiding the process medium (5) and an inlet line (7) which communicates with a confluence opening (8) in the flow path (50) for introducing a medium flow into the process flow, Characterized in that an energy converter (1) is provided for generating electrical energy from the supplied heat, said energy converter being arranged on the one hand in the flow path (50) and on the other hand in the supply line (7) upstream of the junction (8).
  2. 2. The mixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the energy converter (1) comprises or is designed as a heat transfer unit (40) with an integrated thermoelectric generator (400), wherein the thermoelectric generator (400) is integrated in a heat exchanger (402) of the heat transfer unit (40).
  3. 3. Mixing device according to claim 2, wherein the thermoelectric generator (400) comprises at least two flow channels or flow channel groups, in particular arranged staggered with respect to each other, wherein one flow channel or flow channel group forms a cold side and can be flown through by a medium having a lower inlet temperature, and wherein the other flow channel or flow channel group forms a hot side and can be flown through by a medium having a higher inlet temperature, and wherein thermoelectric material is arranged between these flow channels or flow channel groups, through which thermoelectric material heat transferred between these media can flow.
  4. 4. A mixing device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that at least one heat transfer unit (40) comprises, in addition to the thermoelectric generator (400), at least one second heat exchanger, which is arranged in particular downstream of the thermoelectric generator (400).
  5. 5. Mixing device according to one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the thermoelectric generator (400) is configured in convection, cross-flow and/or co-current.
  6. 6. Mixing device according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the second heat exchanger is configured in convection.
  7. 7. Mixing device according to one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the thermoelectric generator (400) and the second heat exchanger are arranged in a common housing and/or a plurality of flow channel groups are configured in particular in correspondence with one another.
  8. 8. Mixing device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the energy converter (1), for example the heat transfer unit (40), has a hot side, which can be connected in a flow path (50) by way of a process medium (5) in a flow-through manner, and a cold side, which is arranged and designed to be thermally coupled to the medium (4) which is colder when entering, in particular to an air flow (42) which is fed in from the surroundings of the heat transfer unit (40).
  9. 9. Mixing device according to claim 2, characterized in that in addition to a heat transfer unit (40) for thermal coupling with a colder medium, a heat exchange device (420) and an intermediate circuit (30) are additionally provided, wherein the intermediate circuit (30) is arranged on the cold side of the heat transfer unit (40) and on the hot side of the heat exchange device (420) such that an intermediate medium (32) flows through the intermediate circuit, and the intermediate circuit serves to conduct heat from a heat transfer medium (52) to the intermediate medium (32) by means of the heat transfer unit (40) and from the intermediate medium (32) to the medium (4) by means of the heat exchange device (420).
  10. 10. Mixing device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the energy converter (1) is designed as an energy conversion device (10) for carrying out an organic rankine cycle process, a stirling cycle process, a rankine cycle process or a calner cycle process.
  11. 11. Mixing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a second energy converter (1') of the mixing device (80) is connected downstream of the energy converter (1) and downstream of the junction (8) in the flow path (50).
  12. 12. Mixing device according to claim 11, wherein the second energy converter (1') can be flown through by the process medium (5) on the one hand to heat the second energy converter and on the other hand by a further medium, such as a cooling medium (43), to cool the second energy converter.
  13. 13. The mixing device according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the second energy converter (1') comprises a thermoelectric generator (400) as a heat exchanger (402) depending on the type of the heat transfer unit (40) and/or as an energy conversion device (10) for carrying out an organic rankine cycle process, a stirling cycle process, a rankine cycle process or a kalina cycle process.
  14. 14. Mixing device according to one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the energy conversion device (10) is designed for generating electrical and/or kinetic energy from the input heat by means of a particularly organic working medium (13) flowing in a circulation circuit (12) of the energy conversion device (10), wherein in the circulation circuit (12) there is arranged: A pressure-reducing unit (14), in particular a turbine, for reducing the pressure of the evaporated working medium, in particular having a generator (140) for generating electrical energy, -An evaporation unit (26) upstream of the decompression unit (14) for evaporating the working medium (13) during the heat input from the heat source (60), and -A condensing unit (20) downstream of the depressurizing unit (14) for liquefying the working medium (13).
  15. 15. Mixing device according to claim 14, wherein the flow path (50) is connected to the hot side of the evaporation unit (26) for guiding the heat carrier medium (52) flowing in from the heat source (60) as process medium (5) to the evaporation unit (26).
  16. 16. Method for mixing a colder medium (4) into a warmer process medium (5) by means of a mixing device (80) according to one of claims 1 to 15, wherein a medium flow is fed into the process medium (5) flowing in a flow path (50) at a confluence port (8) via a feed line to form a total flow of the process medium (5), Characterized in that the process medium (5) and the medium (4) flow upstream of the junction (8) through an energy converter (1) for generating an electrical current from the input heat.

Description

Mixing device and method for mixing The invention relates to a mixing device for mixing a relatively cold medium into a relatively warm process medium, comprising a line arrangement, which comprises a flow path for guiding the process medium and an inlet line, which communicates with a confluence opening in the flow path, for introducing a medium flow into a process flow, and to a method for mixing. Such mixing devices can be used in many processes to reduce the temperature of the process gas, for example for protecting components in exhaust gases or filter devices, to balance fluctuating exhaust gas temperatures, or to regulate the stack effect, which can be reduced by mixing air. The mass flow can be increased and the temperature reduced by mixing. The enthalpy of the process gas remains unchanged. Document DE 10 2019 201 685 A1 shows a drive unit for a motor vehicle, which has a circulation device for converting thermal energy of the exhaust gases into mechanical work. The circulation device includes a first heat exchanger for transferring heat in the exhaust gas to the working medium, a decompression unit, and a second heat exchanger, and a thermoelectric generator through which the working medium flows. The working medium can flow through the thermoelectric generator and/or a bypass line of the thermoelectric generator. Document DE 10 2016 218 935 A1 shows a system and a method for performing a thermodynamic cycle, for example an ORC process, in which, in addition to a working medium circuit, a lubricant circuit and a lubricant separation by a separating device, as well as a collecting container for collecting the lubricant, are provided. In the lubricant circuit, downstream of the lubrication point, there are flow-through openings through which the lubricant returns to the lubricant circulation return path in the lubricant circuit. Document US 2023/0 029 261 A1 shows a drive unit for a motor vehicle, which is connected to a circulation circuit and through which, on the one hand, a circulating process fluid can flow to transfer heat out of the circuit. The transferred heat may be used outside the circuit, for example in a vehicle heating device or a heat pump. The object of the present invention is to provide a mixing device of the above-mentioned type which contributes to an increase in the efficiency of the overall process, for example of an energy conversion device, and to a corresponding method. The object is achieved by a mixing device having the features of claim 1 and by a method having the features of claim 16. In the mixing device, provision is made for an energy converter for generating electrical energy from the supplied heat to be arranged in the flow path (via the hot side) on the one hand and in the supply line (via the cold side) upstream of the outflow opening on the other hand. Preferably, the entire medium stream is mixed with the process medium. The medium is not extracted from the process medium circuit, in particular. The process medium and the medium may be the same substance, for example air and/or exhaust gas, and for example only have different temperatures. The process medium and the medium may also be different, but in particular mixed, substances which in particular have at least in part the same polymerization state, for example gaseous. The overall efficiency of the overall process is thereby significantly increased in the overall installation, in which the mixing device is integrated or is formed by the mixing device. Such a total device may be, for example, an energy conversion device for generating electricity based on an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) process. Preferably, it is provided that the energy converter comprises or is designed as a heat transfer unit with an integrated thermoelectric generator, wherein the thermoelectric generator is integrated in a heat exchanger of the heat transfer unit. In this case, the heat transfer unit serves as a (only) functional unit for heat transfer, by means of which additional electrical energy is generated during the heat transfer. Thermoelectric generators convert a portion of the heat flow into electrical energy through thermoelectric materials (solids). The remaining heat flow is transferred between the process medium and the medium in the thermoelectric generator, wherein the transferred heat flow is correspondingly reduced. By means of a design variant of such a mixing device, a part of the energy converted in the thermoelectric generator is advantageously used for generating electricity. In this way, part of the available energy (the working energy within the system) is simultaneously utilized in the thermoelectric generator to generate electricity, thereby achieving the desired reduction in process medium temperature. This thereby greatly increases the overall efficiency of the overall process in the overall device integrated with the mixing device. Such a total device may be, for example, an energy conversion device for g