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CN-121986396-A - Battery cell, battery device and electricity utilization device

CN121986396ACN 121986396 ACN121986396 ACN 121986396ACN-121986396-A

Abstract

The application provides a battery cell, a battery device and an electricity utilization device. The battery monomer comprises a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate and a nonaqueous electrolyte, wherein the positive electrode plate comprises a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active layer positioned on at least one side surface of the positive electrode current collector, the positive electrode active layer comprises a positive electrode lithium supplementing material, the nonaqueous electrolyte comprises an electrolyte additive, and the electrolyte additive comprises one or more of a substituted or unsubstituted 5-12 membered aromatic heterocyclic organic base additive and a substituted or unsubstituted 5-12 membered aliphatic heterocyclic organic base additive. The energy density, cycle performance and high temperature storage performance of the battery of the application are improved simultaneously.

Inventors

  • XIAO YUANBIN
  • ZHANG LIMEI
  • CHEN PEIPEI

Assignees

  • 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20240731

Claims (20)

  1. The battery cell comprises an electrode assembly, the electrode assembly comprises a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate and a nonaqueous electrolyte, the positive electrode plate comprises a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active layer positioned on at least one side surface of the positive electrode current collector, the positive electrode active layer comprises a positive electrode lithium supplementing material, the nonaqueous electrolyte comprises an electrolyte additive, and the electrolyte additive comprises one or more of a substituted or unsubstituted 5-12 membered aromatic heterocyclic organic base additive and a substituted or unsubstituted 5-12 membered aliphatic heterocyclic organic base additive.
  2. The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein the electrolyte additive comprises at least one of a compound represented by formula (I), a compound represented by formula (II), a compound represented by formula (III), a compound represented by formula (IV), and a compound represented by formula (V): Wherein in formula (I), Y 1 and Y 2 are each independently selected from a C atom and an N atom, R 1 、R 2 、R 3 、R 4 and R 5 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C6 alkyl group, a C1-C6 alkoxy group, a C2-C6 alkenyl group, a C2-C6 alkynyl group, -R 24 OH、-R 25 NR 26 R 27 , wherein R 24 and R 25 are each independently selected from a C0-C6 alkylene group, a C2-C6 alkenylene group, R 26 and R 27 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C6 alkyl group, a halogenated C1-C6 alkyl group, or R 26 、R 27 forms a 5-8 membered alicyclic ring containing 2 to 4 heteroatoms including an N atom, an S atom, a P atom, or R 2 and/or R 4 are absent; In the formula (II), W 1 is selected from a C atom, an N atom, an O atom and an S atom, W 2 is selected from a C atom and an N atom, R 6 、R 7 、R 8 and R 9 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C6 alkyl group, a C1-C6 alkoxy group, a C3-C8 cycloalkyl group, a C2-C6 alkenyl group, a C2-C6 alkynyl group and R 28 OH、-R 29 NR 30 R 31 , wherein R 28 and R 29 are each independently selected from a C0-C6 alkylene group, and R 30 and R 31 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C6 alkyl group and a halogenated C1-C6 alkyl group; In the formula (III), A 1 、A 2 、A 3 、A 4 and A 5 are independently selected from a C atom and an N atom, R 10 、R 10' 、R 11 、R 12 、R 13 、R 14 and R 15 are independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C6 alkyl group, a C1-C6 alkoxy group, a C2-C6 alkenyl group, a C2-C6 alkynyl group and R 32 OH、-R 33 NR 34 R 35 , wherein R 32 and R 33 are independently selected from a C0-C6 alkylene group, R 34 and R 35 are independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C6 alkyl group and a halogenated C1-C6 alkyl group, or one or more groups of R 10 、R 10' 、R 11 and R 14 are not present; In the formula (IV), X 1 、X 2 、X 3 and X 4 are independently selected from a C atom and an N atom, a and b are independently selected from integers of 0-3, R 16 、R 17 and R 18 are independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C6 alkyl group, a C1-C6 alkoxy group, a C2-C6 alkenyl group, a C2-C6 alkynyl group, -OH, -NR 36 R 37 , wherein R 36 and R 37 are independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C6 alkyl group, a halogenated C1-C6 alkyl group, or R 18 is absent; In the formula (V), V 1 、V 2 、V 3 and V 4 are independently selected from C atom and N atom, d is selected from an integer of 0-3, R 19 、R 20 、R 21 、R 22 and R 23 are independently selected from hydrogen atom, halogen atom, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, -OH and-NR 38 R 39 , wherein R 38 and R 39 are independently selected from hydrogen atom, halogen atom, C1-C6 alkyl and halogenated C1-C6 alkyl.
  3. The battery cell according to claim 2, wherein in the formula (I), R 1 、R 2 、R 3 、R 4 and R 5 are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C4 alkyl group, a C1-C4 alkoxy group, a C2-C4 alkenyl group, a C2-C4 alkynyl group, -R 24 OH、-R 25 NR 26 R 27 , wherein R 24 and R 25 are each independently selected from the group consisting of a C0-C4 alkylene group, R 26 and R 27 are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C4 alkyl group, a halogenated C1-C4 alkyl group, or R 26 、R 27 forms a 5-6 membered alicyclic ring with 2 heteroatoms with the N atom, or R 2 and/or R 4 are absent, or, R 1 、R 2 、R 3 、R 4 and R 5 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C4 alkyl group, a C1-C4 alkoxy group, a C2-C4 alkenyl group, a C2-C4 alkynyl group, -OH, a hydroxyC 1-C4 alkyl group, -NH 2 , a di-C1-C4 alkylamino group, an aminoC 1-C4 alkyl group, a piperazinyl group, or R 2 and/or R 4 are absent or, R 1 、R 2 、R 3 、R 4 and R 5 are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, F atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, and combinations thereof tert-butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, allyl, propargyl, -OH, hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl, -NH 2 、-N(CH 3 ) 2 、-CH 2 NH 2 , Or R 2 and/or R 4 are absent, or, R 1 、R 2 、R 3 、R 4 and R 5 are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, an F atom, a methyl group, a tert-butyl group, a methoxy group, a hydroxymethyl group, -N (CH 3 ) 2 、-CH 2 NH 2 ), Or R 2 and/or R 4 are absent.
  4. The battery cell according to claim 2 or 3, wherein in the formula (II), R 6 、R 7 、R 8 and R 9 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C4 alkyl group, a C1-C4 alkoxy group, a C3-C5 cycloalkyl group, a C2-C4 alkenyl group, a C2-C4 alkynyl group, -R 28 OH、-R 29 NR 30 R 31 , wherein R 28 and R 29 are each independently selected from a C0-C4 alkylene group, R 30 and R 31 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C4 alkyl group, a halogenated C1-C4 alkyl group, or, R 6 、R 7 、R 8 and R 9 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C4 alkyl group, a C1-C4 alkoxy group, a C3-C5 cycloalkyl group, a C2-C4 alkenyl group, a C2-C4 alkynyl group, -OH, a hydroxyC 1-C4 alkyl group, -NH 2 , a mono-C1-C4 alkylamino group, a di-C1-C4 alkylamino group, an aminoC 1-C4 alkyl group, or, R 6 、R 7 、R 8 and R 9 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, an allyl group, a propargyl group, -OH, a hydroxymethyl group, a hydroxyethyl group, -NH 2 、-NHCH 3 、-N(CH 3 ) 2 、-CH 2 NH 2 , or, R 6 、R 7 、R 8 and R 9 are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a methyl group, a cyclopropyl group, an allyl group, a hydroxymethyl group, -NHCH 3 .
  5. The battery cell according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein in formula (III), R 10 、R 10' 、R 11 、R 12 、R 13 、R 14 and R 15 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C4 alkyl group, a C1-C4 alkoxy group, a C2-C4 alkenyl group, a C2-C4 alkynyl group, -R 32 OH、-R 33 NR 34 R 35 , wherein R 32 and R 33 are each independently selected from a C0-C4 alkylene group, R 34 and R 35 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C4 alkyl group, a halogenated C1-C4 alkyl group, or one or more groups of R 10 、R 10' 、R 11 and R 14 are absent, or, R 10 、R 10' 、R 11 、R 12 、R 13 、R 14 and R 15 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C4 alkyl group, a C1-C4 alkoxy group, a C2-C4 alkenyl group, a C2-C4 alkynyl group, -OH, a hydroxyC 1-C4 alkyl group, -NH 2 , a C1-C4 alkylamino group, a di-C1-C4 alkylamino group, an aminoC 1-C4 alkyl group, or one or more of R 10 、R 10' 、R 11 and R 14 are absent, or, R 10 、R 10' 、R 11 、R 12 、R 13 、R 14 and R 15 are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, a methoxy group, an allyl group, a propargyl group, -OH, -NH 2 、-CH 2 NH 2 、-N(CH 3 ) 2 , or one or more of R 10 、R 10' 、R 11 and R 14 are absent, or, R 10 、R 10' 、R 11 、R 12 、R 13 、R 14 and R 15 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a methoxy group, or one or more of R 10 、R 10' 、R 11 and R 14 are absent.
  6. The battery cell according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein, in formula (IV), R 16 、R 17 and R 18 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C4 alkyl group, a C1-C4 alkoxy group, a C2-C4 alkenyl group, a C2-C4 alkynyl group, -OH, -NR 36 R 37 , wherein R 36 and R 37 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C4 alkyl group, a halogenated C1-C4 alkyl group, or R 18 is absent, or, R 16 、R 17 and R 18 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C4 alkyl group, a C1-C4 alkoxy group, a C2-C4 alkenyl group, a C2-C4 alkynyl group, -OH, -NH 2 , a mono-C1-C4 alkylamino group, a di-C1-C4 alkylamino group, or R 18 is absent or, R 16 、R 17 and R 18 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, an allyl group, a propargyl group, -OH, -NH 2 、-NHCH 3 、-N(CH 3 ) 2 , or R 18 is absent, or, R 16 、R 17 and R 18 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, -N (CH 3 ) 2 ; or R 18 is absent.
  7. The battery cell according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein, in formula (V), R 19 、R 20 、R 21 、R 22 and R 23 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C4 alkyl group, a C1-C4 alkoxy group, a C2-C4 alkenyl group, a C2-C4 alkynyl group, -OH, -NR 38 R 39 , wherein R 38 and R 39 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C4 alkyl group, a halogenated C1-C4 alkyl group, or, R 19 、R 20 、R 21 、R 22 and R 23 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C4 alkyl group, a C1-C4 alkoxy group, a C2-C4 alkenyl group, a C2-C4 alkynyl group, -OH, -NH 2 , a mono-C1-C4 alkylamino group, a di-C1-C4 alkylamino group, or, R 19 、R 20 、R 21 、R 22 and R 23 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, a tert-butyl group, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, an allyl group, a propargyl group, -OH, -NH 2 、-NHCH 3 、-N(CH 3 ) 2 , or, R 19 、R 20 、R 21 、R 22 and R 23 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, an isopropyl group and a tert-butyl group.
  8. The battery cell according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein, In the formula (I), 0, 1 or2 of Y 1 and Y 2 are N atoms, and/or, In the formula (II), at least one of W 1 and W 2 is an N atom, and/or, In the formula (III), at least one of A 1 、A 2 、A 3 、A 4 and A 5 is an N atom, and/or, In the formula (IV), at least one of X 1 、X 2 、X 3 and X 4 is an N atom, and/or, In the formula (V), at least one of V 1 、V 2 、V 3 and V 4 is an N atom.
  9. The battery cell according to any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein, In the formula (I), 0, 1 or2 of Y 1 and Y 2 are N atoms, and/or, In the formula (II), at least one of W 1 and W 2 is an N atom, and/or, In the formula (III), 1,2, 3 or 4 of A 1 、A 2 、A 3 、A 4 and A 5 are N atoms, and/or, In the formula (IV), 2 or 3 of X 1 、X 2 、X 3 and X 4 are N atoms, and/or, In the formula (V), 1,2 or 3 of V 1 、V 2 、V 3 and V 4 are N atoms.
  10. The battery cell according to any one of claims 2 to 9, wherein the compound represented by formula (I) is selected from at least one of the following compounds:
  11. the battery cell according to any one of claims 2 to 9, wherein the compound represented by formula (II) is selected from at least one of the following compounds:
  12. the battery cell according to any one of claims 2 to 9, wherein the compound represented by formula (III) is selected from at least one of the following compounds:
  13. The battery cell according to any one of claims 2 to 9, wherein the compound represented by formula (IV) is selected from at least one of the following compounds:
  14. the battery cell according to any one of claims 2 to 9, wherein the compound represented by formula (V) is selected from at least one of the following compounds:
  15. The battery cell of any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the positive electrode lithium-replenishing material comprises Li 2 C x O y , wherein x is any integer in the range of 1-4, y is any integer in the range of 3-6, and x+y = 2m, m is any integer in the range of 2-5.
  16. The battery cell of any one of claims 1-15, wherein the positive electrode lithium-replenishing material comprises one or more of Li 2 C 2 O 4 、Li 2 CO 3 、Li 2 C 4 O 4 、Li 2 C 3 O 5 、Li 2 C 4 O 6 .
  17. The battery cell of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the positive electrode lithium-supplementing material comprises 0.05-10%, 1-8%, or 1-5% by mass of the positive electrode active layer.
  18. The battery cell of any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the electrolyte additive is present in the nonaqueous electrolyte at a mass ratio of 0.01% -20%, 0.5% -10% or 1% -5%.
  19. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein a mass ratio of the positive electrode lithium-supplementing material in the positive electrode active layer is T1, a mass ratio of the electrolyte additive in the nonaqueous electrolyte is T2, and T1/T2 is 0.05-20 or 0.1-5.
  20. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the positive electrode active layer further comprises a positive electrode active material, and a ratio of Dv50 particle size of the positive electrode lithium-supplementing material to Dv50 particle size of the positive electrode active material is 1-10 or 2-8.

Description

Battery cell, battery device and electricity utilization device Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery cell, a battery device and an electricity utilization device. Background In recent years, as the application range of the battery is wider and wider, the battery is widely applied to energy storage power supply systems such as hydraulic power, firepower, wind power, solar power stations and the like, and a plurality of fields such as electric tools, electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric automobiles, military equipment, aerospace and the like. As batteries have been greatly developed, higher demands are also being made on energy density, cycle performance, storage performance, and the like. Disclosure of Invention The present application has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a battery cell, a battery device, and an electric device. The energy density, cycle performance and high temperature storage performance of the battery of the application are improved simultaneously. In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present application provides a battery cell including an electrode assembly including a positive electrode tab including a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active layer on at least one side surface of the positive electrode current collector, the positive electrode active layer including a positive electrode lithium supplementing material, and a nonaqueous electrolyte including an electrolyte additive including one or more of a substituted or unsubstituted 5-12 membered aromatic heterocyclic organic base additive and a substituted or unsubstituted 5-12 membered alicyclic heterocyclic organic base additive. Therefore, the application can effectively capture R + (such as H +) generated by oxidative decomposition of electrolyte under high pressure condition by the electrolyte additive while the positive electrode lithium supplementing material supplements lithium normally under high pressure condition, thereby reducing damage to a negative electrode SEI interface film, reducing lithium consumption, and improving energy density, cycle performance and high temperature storage performance of the battery. In any embodiment, the electrolyte additive includes at least one of a compound represented by formula (I), a compound represented by formula (II), a compound represented by formula (III), a compound represented by formula (IV), and a compound represented by formula (V): Wherein in formula (I), Y 1 and Y 2 are each independently selected from a C atom and an N atom, R 1、R2、R3、R4 and R 5 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C6 alkyl group, a C1-C6 alkoxy group, a C2-C6 alkenyl group, a C2-C6 alkynyl group, -R 24OH、-R25NR26R27, wherein R 24 and R 25 are each independently selected from a C0-C6 alkylene group, a C2-C6 alkenylene group, R 26 and R 27 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C6 alkyl group, a halogenated C1-C6 alkyl group, or R 26、R27 forms a 5-8 membered alicyclic ring , containing 2 to 4 heteroatoms including N atom, S atom, P atom, or R 2 and/or R 4 are absent; In the formula (II), W 1 is selected from a C atom, an N atom, an O atom and an S atom, W 2 is selected from a C atom and an N atom, R 6、R7、R8 and R 9 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C6 alkyl group, a C1-C6 alkoxy group, a C3-C8 cycloalkyl group, a C2-C6 alkenyl group, a C2-C6 alkynyl group and R 28OH、-R29NR30R31, wherein R 28 and R 29 are each independently selected from a C0-C6 alkylene group, and R 30 and R 31 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C6 alkyl group and a halogenated C1-C6 alkyl group; In the formula (III), A 1、A2、A3、A4 and A 5 are independently selected from a C atom and an N atom, R 10、R10'、R11、R12、R13、R14 and R 15 are independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C6 alkyl group, a C1-C6 alkoxy group, a C2-C6 alkenyl group, a C2-C6 alkynyl group and R 32OH、-R33NR34R35, wherein R 32 and R 33 are independently selected from a C0-C6 alkylene group, R 34 and R 35 are independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C6 alkyl group and a halogenated C1-C6 alkyl group, or one or more groups of R 10、R10'、R11 and R 14 are not present; In the formula (IV), X 1、X2、X3 and X 4 are independently selected from a C atom and an N atom, a and b are independently selected from integers of 0-3, R 16、R17 and R 18 are independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C6 alkyl group, a C1-C6 alkoxy group, a C2-C6 alkenyl group, a C2-C6 alkynyl group, -OH, -NR 36R37, wherein R 36 and R 37 are independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C6 alkyl group, a halogenated C1-C6 alkyl group, or R 18 is absent; In the formula (V), V 1、V2、V3 and V 4 are independe