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CN-121986613-A - Layered deep-applied biochar saline-alkali soil improvement device

CN121986613ACN 121986613 ACN121986613 ACN 121986613ACN-121986613-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement and discloses a layered deep-applied biochar saline-alkali soil improvement device which comprises a frame and two supporting wheels arranged at the end part of the frame through a supporting frame, wherein a fertilizer box is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the frame through two mounting plates, a connecting frame is fixedly arranged at the position between the two supporting wheels, a plurality of groups of flat soil structures distributed in a linear array are arranged at one end of the frame far away from the supporting wheels, and a fertilizer application assembly is arranged at the position right below the fertilizer box. The soil turning component can dynamically adjust depth or fixed depth, is matched with the function of quantitatively applying the biochar, can accurately distribute fertilizer according to the vertical distribution characteristic of salinization of soil, ensures that the biochar is completely covered by the soil, avoids loss and volatilization, enables the biochar to be layered and embedded into the soil, fully exerts the physical and chemical characteristics of improvement, pertinently improves the soil structure, reduces the salt alkalinity and improves the scientificity of the improvement.

Inventors

  • CHEN LIMEI
  • Shen tengfei
  • LIU CHENGLIN

Assignees

  • 吉林农业大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260211

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The utility model provides a hierarchical deep-applied biochar saline-alkali soil improvement device, includes frame (11) and sets up two supporting wheels (12) at frame (11) tip through the strut, the top surface of frame (11) is through two mounting panel fixed mounting fertilizer case (13), frame (11) are located the position department fixed mounting that locates between two supporting wheels (12) has link (14), a serial communication port, the one end that frame (11) kept away from supporting wheel (12) is provided with a plurality of groups and is the flat soil structure of linear array distribution, frame (11) are located the position department of position under fertilizer case (13) and are provided with fertilization subassembly, frame (11) are located the position department between supporting wheel (12) and the fertilization subassembly and are provided with the soil turning subassembly; The soil turning assembly comprises a plurality of fixing frames (64) which are fixedly arranged on a frame (11) and distributed in a linear array, a soil turning shovel (65) is slidably arranged on the inner wall of each fixing frame (64), a fixing plate (66) is fixedly arranged on the side face of each soil turning shovel (65), a spring (67) is fixedly arranged between each fixing plate (66) and the frame (11), a top rod (611) is fixedly arranged at the top end of each soil turning shovel (65), and a linkage structure for driving each soil turning shovel (65) is arranged on the side face of each fertilizer box (13).
  2. 2. The layered deep-construction biochar saline-alkali soil improvement device according to claim 1, wherein the soil leveling structure comprises a damping mounting frame (21) fixedly mounted on the side surface of the frame (11), a mounting rod (22) is arranged on the inner wall of the damping mounting frame (21), and a soil leveling plate (23) is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the mounting rod (22).
  3. 3. The layered deep-application biochar saline-alkali soil improvement device according to claim 2, wherein the soil leveling plate (23) is arranged in a V shape.
  4. 4. The layered deep-application biochar saline-alkali soil improvement device according to claim 1, wherein the linkage structure comprises a plurality of brackets (61) which are fixedly arranged on the side face of a fertilizer box (13) and distributed in a linear array, a transmission rod (62) is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of each bracket (61), a plurality of supporting plates (68) which are distributed in a linear array are fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of each transmission rod (62), a star-shaped plate (69) which is matched with a top rod (611) is fixedly arranged on the side face of each supporting plate (68), two conical tables (610) with sequentially increased diameters are fixedly arranged on the side face of each star-shaped plate (69), and an adjusting mechanism is arranged at the end part of each transmission rod (62).
  5. 5. The layered deep-application biochar saline-alkali soil improvement device according to claim 4, wherein the adjusting mechanism comprises a rotating sleeve (71) rotatably mounted at the end part of the fertilizer box (13), the end part of the transmission rod (62) is located at the inner side of the rotating sleeve (71), a threaded sleeve (72) is rotatably mounted at the end part of the rotating sleeve (71), threads in threaded connection with the threaded sleeve (72) are arranged at the end part of the transmission rod (62), two sliding grooves (73) are symmetrically formed in the inner wall of the rotating sleeve (71), and two sliding blocks (74) in sliding connection with the sliding grooves (73) are fixedly mounted at the end part of the transmission rod (62).
  6. 6. The layered deep-application biochar saline-alkali soil improvement device according to claim 4, wherein the fertilization assembly comprises a plurality of protection square steels (41) which are fixedly installed on a frame (11) and distributed in a linear array, fertilization pipes (42) are fixedly installed on the inner walls of the protection square steels (41), a plurality of guide boxes (44) which correspond to the fertilization pipes (42) respectively are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of each fertilizer box (13), the guide boxes (44) are communicated with the fertilizer boxes (13), two installation seats (45) are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the inner walls of the guide boxes (44), rotary rods (46) which are located between the two installation seats (45) are rotatably installed on the inner walls of the guide boxes (44), fertilizer storage grooves (47) which are distributed in an annular array are formed in the outer walls of the rotary rods (46), and a baffle mechanism for adjusting the size of the fertilizer storage grooves (47) is arranged on the side surfaces of the guide boxes (44) through guide pipes (48).
  7. 7. The layered deep-application biochar saline-alkali soil improvement device according to claim 6, wherein the material blocking mechanism comprises a rotary table (51) penetrating through the side surface of the material guiding box (44), a plurality of mounting ports (52) distributed in an annular array are formed in the side surface of the rotary table (51), a baffle plate (53) matched with the fertilizer storage groove (47) is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the mounting ports (52), a connecting disc (54) is fixedly mounted at one end, located outside the material guiding box (44), of the baffle plate (53), an adjusting screw (55) is rotatably mounted on the side surface of the rotary table (51), and the connecting disc (54) is in threaded connection with the adjusting screw (55).
  8. 8. The improved layered deep-application biochar saline-alkali soil device according to claim 6, wherein a linkage rod (49) is rotatably installed between the two mounting plates, and the linkage rod (49) penetrates through the connecting disc (54), the guide box (44), the rotary rod (46) and is fixedly connected with the rotary rod (46).
  9. 9. The improved device for the layered deep-application biochar saline-alkali soil according to claim 7, wherein a shovel head (43) is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the protection square steel (41), and a knob is fixedly arranged at the end part of the adjusting screw (55).
  10. 10. The layered deep-construction biochar saline-alkali soil improvement device according to claim 8, wherein a transmission shaft (31) is rotatably installed on the side surface of the frame (11), transmission slots matched with the fixing rods (63) are formed in the end parts of the transmission rods (62), wherein the transmission shafts (31) are connected with the supporting wheels (12), the transmission shafts (31) are connected with the linkage rods (49) and the transmission shafts (31) are connected with the transmission rods (62) through chain wheels (32) and chains (33) in a transmission mode, and the fixing rods (63) are fixedly installed on the side surface of one chain wheel (32) opposite to the transmission rods (62).

Description

Layered deep-applied biochar saline-alkali soil improvement device Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement, in particular to a layered deep-application biochar saline-alkali soil improvement device. Background The improvement of saline-alkali soil is a systematic engineering, and the core aims are to reduce the saline-alkali content of soil, improve the physicochemical property of the soil and restore the productivity of the soil, and the comprehensive measures of physics, chemistry, biology, agriculture and the like are adopted by combining the salinization degree of the soil, the local climate and water resource conditions. In saline-alkali soil improvement practice, the biochar becomes an important material for improving saline-alkali soil and optimizing physical and chemical properties of soil by virtue of rich pore structures, strong ion adsorption capacity and stable carbonaceous characteristics, can effectively adsorb harmful salt ions such as sodium ions and chloride ions in the soil, reduce the salt alkalinity of the soil, improve the cation exchange capacity of the soil, enhance the fertilizer and water retention capacity, provide a habitat for beneficial microorganisms in the soil, promote the propagation and activity promotion of microbial communities, further improve the granular structure of the soil, enhance the air permeability of the soil and assist the recovery of the soil productivity; However, the current application mode of the biochar adopts a single-depth surface layer broadcast application mode or a shallow layer turning application mode, the application mode is difficult to adapt to the characteristic that saline-alkali soil salt is distributed in a layered manner in a soil profile, the shallow layer applied biochar is easily affected by soil water evaporation, so that the salt is accumulated on the biochar application layer again along with rising of water, the adsorption and fixation effects of the biochar on the salt are weakened, secondary stress is possibly caused to crop roots due to overhigh local salt concentration, meanwhile, gradient distribution of the biochar in different layers of the soil cannot be realized due to single-depth application, effective improvement on deep saline-alkali soil is difficult to form, the effects of loose structures and leaching salts of the biochar in the deep soil and cultivation microorganisms cannot be fully exerted, and the maximum exertion of comprehensive efficacy of the biochar in saline-alkali soil improvement is limited. Therefore, it is necessary to design a layered deep-applied biochar saline-alkali soil improvement device to solve the above problems. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a layered deep-application biochar saline-alkali soil improvement device. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: The utility model provides a hierarchical deep-application biochar saline-alkali soil improvement device, includes frame and two supporting wheels that set up at the frame tip through the strut, the top surface of frame is through two mounting panel fixed mounting has the fertilizer case, the frame is located the position department fixed mounting that lies between two supporting wheels, the frame is kept away from the one end of supporting wheel and is provided with a plurality of groups and be linear array distribution's plain soil structure, the frame is located the position department that lies under the fertilizer case and is provided with fertilizer assembly, the frame is located the position department that lies between supporting wheel and the fertilizer assembly and is provided with the soil turning subassembly; The soil turning assembly comprises a plurality of fixing frames which are fixedly arranged on a frame and distributed in a linear array, a soil turning shovel is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the fixing frames, a fixing plate is fixedly arranged on the side face of the soil turning shovel, a spring is fixedly arranged between the fixing plate and the frame, a top rod is fixedly arranged on the top end of the soil turning shovel, and a linkage structure for driving the soil turning shovel is arranged on the side face of the fertilizer box. As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the soil leveling structure comprises a damping mounting frame fixedly mounted on the side surface of the frame, wherein the inner wall of the damping mounting frame is provided with a mounting rod, and the bottom end of the mounting rod is fixedly provided with a soil leveling plate. As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the soil leveling plate is arranged in a V shape. As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the linkage structure comprises a plurality of brackets which are fixedly arranged on the side surface of the fertilizer box