CN-121986657-A - Adjustable cleaning device of screening action is passed through to maize suitable for close planting

Abstract

The invention provides a screening device with adjustable screening behaviors suitable for close planting corn, and belongs to the field of corn harvesting machinery. Including last sieve case, the shake board, centrifugal fan, crank link mechanism and sieve case down, centrifugal fan and harvester fixed connection, the shake board sets up in centrifugal fan top, shake board one end corresponds thresher's discharge gate, the other end is provided with the sieve case, it is provided with the sieve case down to go up the sieve case below, the one end that goes up the sieve case and is close to centrifugal fan with sieve case down is passed through crank link mechanism and is connected, crank link mechanism symmetry sets up at last sieve case and sieve case both sides down, the structural unit of the adjustable shale shaker of thoroughly screening action comprises upper segment, middle section and lower segment syllogic, the adjustable sieve of inclination, through reducing upper and middle segment sieve inclination, increase the throwing power of shale shaker front end region to mixture granule and sieve upper air current vertical velocity, promote the separation effect of impurity and seed grain, improve the seed grain and thoroughly screen, realize the low loss high clean target of corn seed grain cleaning.

Inventors

• FU JUN
• ZHANG JIALIANG
• XUE ZHAO
• FU QIANKUN

Assignees

• 吉林大学

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20260407

Claims (6)

1. 1. The utility model provides a be applicable to close planting maize and pass through screening action adjustable cleaning plant, a serial communication port, including last sieve case (1), shake board (2), centrifugal fan (3), crank link mechanism (4) and lower sieve case (5), centrifugal fan (3) and harvester fixed connection, shake board (2) set up in centrifugal fan (3) top, shake board (2) one end corresponds thresher's discharge gate, the other end is provided with last sieve case (1), last sieve case (1) below is provided with lower sieve case (5), last sieve case (1) are connected through crank link mechanism (4) with lower sieve case (5) one end that is close to centrifugal fan (3), crank link mechanism (4) symmetry sets up last sieve case (1) and lower sieve case (5) both sides, one side that centrifugal fan (3) were kept away from to last sieve case (1) is connected with harvester swing through the connecting rod respectively, centrifugal fan (3) and crank link mechanism (4) power supply all derive from the harvester, harvester drive crank (41) rotate, utilize crank mechanism (4) to realize that last sieve case (1) and lower sieve case (5) are close to harvester harmonic motion and harvester bottom (5) are simple to the harmonic motion of sieve case (5); The utility model provides an upward screen box (1) includes overhead gage (11), goes up shale shaker (12), tail screen (13) and upper bracket (14), and overhead gage (11) symmetry sets up, goes up shale shaker (12) and sets up between overhead gage (11), and tail screen (13) slope sets up between overhead gage (11), and is located last shale shaker (12) rear portion, and upper bracket (14) are fixed to be set up in the front end of overhead gage (11), and upper bracket (14) are connected with crank link mechanism (4) rotation, go up and still evenly be provided with several structural unit (121) on screen box (1).
2. 2. The cleaning device with adjustable action suitable for closely planted corn screening according to claim 1, wherein the upper vibrating screen (12) comprises a plurality of structural units (121), fixing plates (122), adjusting rods (123) and adjusting plates (125), the adjusting rods (123) are fixedly arranged on two sides of the structural units (121), the structural units (121) are uniformly arranged between the fixing plates (122), sliding grooves (124) are uniformly formed in the fixing plates (122), the adjusting rods (123) are slidably arranged in the sliding grooves (124), the adjusting plates (125) are arranged on the outer sides of the fixing plates (122) and are hinged with the adjusting rods (123) on each structural unit (121), and external threads are arranged on the outer sides of the adjusting rods (123) and are in threaded connection with spare nuts; The structure unit (121) comprises an upper section (1211), a middle section (1212) and a lower section (1213), sieve holes are uniformly formed in the middle section (1212), the upper section (1211) and the lower section (1213) are respectively connected with the middle section (1212) in a rotating mode through hinges (126), the middle section (1212) is fixedly connected with a fixing plate (122), adjusting rods (123) are fixedly arranged on two sides of the upper section (1211) and the lower section (1213), one end of each adjusting rod (123) is connected with a sliding groove (124) in a sliding mode, each adjusting rod (123) is hinged to the adjusting plate (125), the adjusting rods (123) can be driven to slide in the sliding groove (124) relatively through the adjusting plates (125), and inclination angle adjustment of the upper section (1211) and the lower section (1213) relative to the middle section (1212), namely adjustment of airflow speed and sieve penetration area is achieved, and adjustability of different component particle sieve behaviors in a corn cleaning material mixture is achieved.
3. 3. The cleaning device with adjustable corn screening action suitable for close planting according to claim 2, wherein the shaking plate (2) comprises a flow guiding strip (21) and a shell (22), the flow guiding strips (21) are sequentially arranged on the upper surface of the shell (22) in an array manner along the vertical direction of the material flow direction, the flow guiding strips (21) are of a zigzag structure and are arranged on the upper surface of the shell (22) in an array manner along the vertical direction of the corn cleaning material flow direction, the shaking plate is fixed on the shell (22) in a welding manner, the outer surface of the shell (22) is in a ladder-shaped form, and the ladder direction of the shaking plate is consistent with the flow direction of the corn cleaning material mixture.
4. 4. The cleaning device with adjustable screening behaviors suitable for close planting corns according to claim 3, wherein the lower screen box (5) comprises a lower vibrating screen (51), lower baffle plates (52) and a lower support (53), the lower baffle plates (52) are symmetrically arranged, the lower vibrating screen (51) is fixedly arranged between the lower baffle plates (52), the lower support (53) is fixedly arranged at the front end of the lower baffle plates (52), the lower support (53) is rotatably connected with the crank connecting rod mechanism (4), and the lower vibrating screen (51) has the same structure as the upper vibrating screen (12).
5. 5. The cleaning device with adjustable screening behaviors suitable for close planting corns according to claim 4, wherein the crank connecting rod mechanism (4) comprises a crank (41), a connecting rod (42) and a swinging rod (43), the crank (41) is connected with an output shaft of a transmission chain wheel, one end of the connecting rod (42) is rotatably connected with the crank (41) through a bearing, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the swinging rod (43), the swinging rod (43) has three hinge points, the top end of the hinge point is hinged with one end of the connecting rod (42), the middle of the swinging rod (43) is hinged with an upper support (14), and the bottom end of the swinging rod (43) is hinged with a lower support (53).
6. 6. The cleaning device with adjustable screening behaviors suitable for close planting corns is characterized in that the centrifugal fan (3) comprises a transmission belt wheel (31), a fan shell (32), spokes (33), a turbofan (34) and a fan power shaft (35), the turbofan (34) is fixed with the fan power shaft (35) through the spokes (33), the fan power shaft (35) is rotatably arranged in the fan shell (32) through a bearing, the transmission belt wheel (31) is arranged at one end of the fan power shaft (35), and the fan shell (32) is fixedly connected with a harvester.

Description

Adjustable cleaning device of screening action is passed through to maize suitable for close planting Technical Field The invention belongs to the field of corn harvesting machinery, and particularly relates to a cleaning device with adjustable screening action suitable for close planting corn. Background Corn is a main grain crop with the planting area and the yield in China at the top, and the corn production is showing the development trend of high-density cultivation, mechanized operation and large-scale operation. The corn kernel harvesting machine can finish multiple procedures of picking, threshing, cleaning, kernel collecting and the like in one operation process, and the harvesting efficiency and the operation quality are greatly improved. Currently, close planting modes have been widely popularized in corn main producing areas as an important measure for improving the yield per unit area. Under the background, the key technology for efficiently harvesting corn kernels under the condition of overcoming the large feeding quantity is of great significance in achieving the purposes of saving grain and reducing damage and improving the production stability of corn. The corn kernel is cleaned and selected as a corn kernel harvesting core link, and the operation performance of the corn kernel directly influences the impurity content and loss rate of the kernel, thereby influencing the harvesting quality. The floating speed of the impurities such as cob, stalk and the like in the corn cleaning material mixture is lower than that of the seeds. In the cleaning process, impurities are separated from the kernels through the coupling effect of air flow of a fan and vibration of a vibrating screen, so that clean corn kernels are obtained. However, in actual operation, the phenomenon that the material distribution at the front end of the vibrating screen is more and the material distribution at the tail end of the vibrating screen is less often occurs, so that the load of the screen surface is unevenly distributed. The materials at the front end of the sieve are excessively accumulated, the effective sieving capacity of grains is weakened, the throwing effect of impurities is reduced, the materials at the tail end of the sieve are less in distribution and are mostly impurities, the phenomenon of excessive sieving of the impurities is easy to occur, and the cleaning performance is reduced. In the close planting mode, as the feeding quantity is further increased, the extreme phenomenon of material distribution before and after the screening is more prominent, so that the operation stability and the separation efficiency of the cleaning system are obviously reduced. Therefore, there is a need to develop a novel corn cleaning device that can enhance the screening strength of the material at the front end of the screen to enhance the rapid separation of seeds from impurities, and enhance the screening strength of the impurities at the rear end of the screen to facilitate the rapid discharge thereof, and achieve different screening strengths for different components of the corn cleaning material, so as to meet the requirement of large feeding operation under close planting conditions. The breakthrough of the key technology has important production and application values for reducing the loss rate and impurity content of seeds in the corn close planting mode. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a cleaning device with adjustable screening action suitable for closely planted corns, which utilizes the relative inclination angles of the upper section, the lower section and the middle section in a characteristic unit to finish the change of airflow speed and screening area on a screen, combines the coupling effect of the upper section, the lower section and the screening area to realize the adjustability of the screening action of particles of each component of a corn cleaning material mixture, improves the rapid screening of corn seeds and the rapid discharge of impurities, solves the production problems of high impurity content, loss rate and the like caused by overlarge feeding quantity in the existing closely planted corn cleaning process, and can effectively improve the corn harvesting operation quality. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the utility model provides a be applicable to close planting maize and pass through screening action adjustable cleaning plant, including last sieve case, the shake board, centrifugal fan, crank link mechanism and lower sieve case, centrifugal fan and harvester fixed connection, the shake board sets up in centrifugal fan top, shake board one end corresponds thresher's discharge gate, the other end is provided with last sieve case, upward sieve case below is provided with lower sieve case, upward sieve case is connected through crank link mechanism with lower sieve case one end that is close to cent