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CN-121986671-A - Pond mouth ecological purification system and construction method

CN121986671ACN 121986671 ACN121986671 ACN 121986671ACN-121986671-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a pond mouth ecological purification system and a construction method thereof, and relates to the technical field of ecological restoration of aquaculture. The system comprises at least one carrier unit capable of floating on the water surface, a growth substrate is paved in the carrier unit, a physical isolation structure is arranged, an in-situ ecological purification module separated from the water bottom is constructed, a growth environment is provided for aquatic plants and benthos, the construction method comprises the steps of sludge pretreatment, carrier paving, biological cultivation and throwing, ecological maintenance and sludge circulation treatment, the aquatic plants and benthos can be protected to stably grow, the seasonal ecological unbalance problem is solved, the sludge resource utilization is realized, the cultivation cost and the environmental pressure are reduced, the operation is simple and convenient, the cost is low, the popularization is easy, the benign circulation of the ecology of a pond mouth is promoted, and the aquaculture yield and the quality are improved.

Inventors

  • CHEN YANGZHOU

Assignees

  • 陈洋洲

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260330

Claims (9)

  1. 1. A pond mouth ecological purification system, comprising: At least one water-floatable carrier unit; the carrier unit comprises a growth substrate provided for aquatic plants and benthic organisms, and the laying thickness of the growth substrate is 10 cm to 100 cm; The carrier unit is provided with a physical isolation structure for protecting inside aquatic plants and benthonic organisms from gnawing interference of breeding objects in the water body and predation of external birds; The carrier unit is used for constructing an in-situ ecological restoration zone separated from the water bottom so as to form a local ecological purification module in the target water body.
  2. 2. The pond mouth ecological purification system according to claim 1, wherein the growth substrate comprises pretreated sediment, the sediment is sludge obtained from a target water body or a peripheral water body and is obtained by dewatering, insolating and adding organic auxiliary materials, and the organic auxiliary materials comprise earthworm excrement, and the adding proportion of the earthworm excrement is one tenth to one third of the total volume.
  3. 3. The pond mouth ecological purification system according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the carrier unit is provided with floats made of recyclable plastic material.
  4. 4. A method for constructing the oroecological purification system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising the following steps: Step S1, a sludge pretreatment step, namely carrying out insolation treatment on the sludge for at least two months, regulating the water content and fertility of the sludge, and adding organic auxiliary materials to form a growth matrix; step S2, a carrier paving step, wherein the growth substrate is paved in a carrier unit capable of floating on the water surface, and the paving thickness is 10 cm to 100 cm; step S3, a biological cultivation and throwing step, namely cultivating aquatic plants in a growth matrix in the carrier unit, and throwing benthos to form a symbiotic ecological purification module; S4, an ecological maintenance step, namely carrying out seasonal regulation and control on the environment in the carrier unit so as to maintain the activities of the aquatic plants and benthos; And S5, a sludge circulation treatment step, wherein the growth matrixes in the carrier units are cleaned and replenished periodically.
  5. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein in the step S1: the sludge is taken from the bottom of an aquaculture pond, a river channel or a lake; the organic auxiliary materials comprise earthworm manure, and the adding proportion is one tenth to one third of the total volume of the earthworm manure; The insolation treatment may be carried out on shore or by placing the sludge directly in the carrier unit for insolation.
  6. 6. The method according to claim 4, wherein in the step S3: the aquatic plants comprise one or more of Isodon japonicus, heidellula alternifolia and Sonchus arvensis, and the planting density is 5-20 plants per square meter; the benthonic organisms comprise snails, and the throwing density is 100 to 200 per square meter; the optimal time for biological cultivation and release is winter, and the survival rate of snails is high; and collecting water plants growing in the field in summer, and putting the water plants into a newly added carrier unit for cultivation.
  7. 7. The method according to claim 4, wherein the seasonal adjustment in step S4 comprises: Before the high temperature comes in summer, water surface floating plants including water peanuts or water spinach are cultivated in a floating frame around the carrier unit in advance, and when the high temperature starts, the water surface floating plants are covered above the carrier unit of the water grass snails, so that the water grass in the carrier unit is kept in a cool state; and when the temperature is low in winter, a plastic film heat-preserving cover is covered around the carrier unit to maintain the temperature in the carrier unit and ensure the normal growth and survival of the aquatic weeds and the snails.
  8. 8. The method according to claim 4, wherein the sludge circulation treatment step in step S5 includes: When the growth matrix in the carrier unit accumulates to affect buoyancy or exceeds bearing capacity, the growth matrix is taken out during the period that the water level reaches the highest annual level; the taken waste sludge is used as the foundation soil for cultivating earthworms, and after the earthworms are enriched in the soil, the waste sludge returns to the carrier unit again to be used as the growth matrix for cultivating water plants and snails or used for planting vegetables and fruits; New sludge is fished from water drops of ponds, rivers and lakes and is supplemented into the carrier unit; the floats arranged at the bottom of the carrier unit are made of recyclable plastic materials.
  9. 9. The method according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of carrier units are used in combination, and fish, shrimp and crab are cultivated inside the carrier units.

Description

Pond mouth ecological purification system and construction method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration of aquaculture, in particular to a pond mouth ecological purification system and a construction method. Background The aquatic weed and the snail are core elements of the pond mouth ecological system, and form a symbiotic relationship, wherein the aquatic weed can release oxygen, regulate the temperature of water body, provide a place for fish, shrimp and crab to avoid and natural baits, and provide living environment for the snail at the same time, and the snail can clean plankton and impurities in the water body, purify the water quality and ensure that the photosynthesis of the aquatic weed is smoothly carried out. However, in the current cultivation process, three core pain points exist, namely firstly, excessive cultivation causes fish, shrimp and crab to gnaw and damage aquatic weeds and snails, which are difficult to naturally reproduce, secondly, high temperature in summer causes aquatic weeds to stop growing and even die, low temperature in winter limits the activities of the aquatic weeds and the snails, seasonal ecological imbalance is prominent, thirdly, pond bottom sludge treatment mode is rough, most farmers simply insolate sludge only at the end of year, the growth fertility requirement of the aquatic weeds cannot be met, water pollution is aggravated due to sludge accumulation, and ecological balance is further damaged due to blind use of chemical fertilizers. In the existing solutions, few microbial technologies are adopted to improve ecology, but the requirements on knowledge storage and cost investment of farmers are high, so that the ecological environment of the outer province is difficult to popularize, and part of farmers try to introduce snails from the outer province, so that the cost is high, the risk is high, the ecological environment of the outer province is damaged, and the ecological environment of the outer province is forbidden by the government. Therefore, the development of the pond mouth ecological purification technology which has low cost, is simple and convenient to operate, is suitable for the needs of common farmers, can realize ecological reconstruction, water quality purification and sludge recycling is a technical problem to be solved urgently in the current aquaculture field. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to overcome the problems and provide a pond mouth ecological purification system and a construction method thereof. In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: A pond mouth ecological purification system, comprising: At least one water-floatable carrier unit; the carrier unit comprises a growth substrate provided for aquatic plants and benthic organisms, and the laying thickness of the growth substrate is 10 cm to 100 cm; The carrier unit is provided with a physical isolation structure for protecting inside aquatic plants and benthonic organisms from gnawing interference of breeding objects in the water body and predation of external birds; The carrier unit is used for constructing an in-situ ecological restoration zone separated from the water bottom so as to form a local ecological purification module in the target water body. The growth substrate comprises pretreated bottom mud, wherein the bottom mud is sludge obtained from a target water body or a peripheral water body and is obtained by dewatering, insolating and adding organic auxiliary materials, and the organic auxiliary materials comprise earthworm excrement, and the adding proportion is one tenth to one third of the total volume of the earthworm excrement. As an improvement, the bottom of the carrier unit is provided with a float made of recyclable plastic material. A method for constructing an oroecological purification system, comprising the steps of: Step S1, a sludge pretreatment step, namely carrying out insolation treatment on the sludge for at least two months, regulating the water content and fertility of the sludge, and adding organic auxiliary materials to form a growth matrix; step S2, a carrier paving step, wherein the growth substrate is paved in a carrier unit capable of floating on the water surface, and the paving thickness is 10 cm to 100 cm; step S3, a biological cultivation and throwing step, namely cultivating aquatic plants in a growth matrix in the carrier unit, and throwing benthos to form a symbiotic ecological purification module; S4, an ecological maintenance step, namely carrying out seasonal regulation and control on the environment in the carrier unit so as to maintain the activities of the aquatic plants and benthos; And S5, a sludge circulation treatment step, wherein the growth matrixes in the carrier units are cleaned and replenished periodically. As an improvement, in the step S1: the sludge is taken from the bottom of an aquaculture pond, a river channel or