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CN-121986693-A - Planting method for sowing milk vetch synchronously with rice fertilization

CN121986693ACN 121986693 ACN121986693 ACN 121986693ACN-121986693-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a planting method for sowing milk vetch synchronously with rice fertilization, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural cultivation. Aiming at the defects of low seedling emergence rate and complicated independent operation of the prior milk vetch, the invention provides the steps of preparing a granular fertilizer to be applied and milk vetch seeds, carrying out physical dry mixing in a water-free state before application to form a uniform seed fertilizer mixture, regulating a paddy field to keep a shallow water layer state or a moist state before the period of young ear differentiation II in the growing period of the paddy, and uniformly broadcasting the seed fertilizer mixture into the paddy field along the paddy planting row at one time. The invention utilizes the habitat condition of the early stage of rice growth, takes the granular fertilizer as a physical dispersion carrier of seeds, combines the rice fertilization and the milk vetch sowing into one-time operation, overcomes the germination problem caused by soil drought in the traditional late sowing, prolongs the growing period, promotes root system nodulation and nitrogen fixation, and realizes the cultivation effects of labor saving, cost saving and light simplification.

Inventors

  • ZHENG SHENGYUN
  • ZENG ZHAOBING

Assignees

  • 郑声云

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260317

Claims (8)

  1. 1. A planting method for sowing milk vetch synchronously with rice fertilization is characterized by comprising the following steps: Step S100, preparing a fertilizer to be applied and astragalus sinicus seeds, wherein the fertilizer adopts a granular fertilizer, and the astragalus sinicus seeds and the fertilizer are subjected to physical dry mixing before application to form a seed fertilizer mixture; Step S200, before the growth period of the rice is in the young ear differentiation II period, regulating the moisture state of the rice field to enable the rice field to be kept in a shallow water layer state or a moist state; And step S300, uniformly broadcasting the seed and fertilizer mixture into the paddy field which keeps the shallow water state or the wet state along the paddy planting row.
  2. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S100, the amount of the milk vetch seeds is set to 22.5 kg/ha to 37.5 kg/ha, and the amount of the fertilizer is set to 150 kg/ha to 300 kg/ha; The specific types of the fertilizer comprise a rice base fertilizer, a tillering fertilizer or a spike fertilizer, the grain size of the granular fertilizer is controlled to be between 2 and 4 millimeters, the thousand grain weight of the astragalus sinicus seeds is 3 to 3.5 grams, the grain size is between 1.5 and 2.5 millimeters, the germination rate is more than 85 percent, and the purity is more than 98 percent.
  3. 3. The method for planting milk vetch in synchronization with fertilization of rice according to claim 2, wherein in the step S100, the physical dry mixing means mixing under the environment without liquid water addition, and the mass ratio of the seed and fertilizer mixture satisfies the range calculated by the following formula: Wherein R represents the mass ratio of the seed manure, the value range is controlled between 4 and 13.3, W f represents the total mass of the fertilizer applied in a single operation, the unit is kg, and W s represents the total mass of the astragalus sinicus seeds applied in a single operation, the unit is kg.
  4. 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein in step S100, when the drum mixer is used for physical dry mixing, the drum mixer is set to have a rotation speed of 30 to 50 rpm and a mixing time of 3 to 5 minutes, and the time interval between the preparation time of the seed and fertilizer mixture and the application time in the field is set to be not more than 4 hours.
  5. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S100, the field theoretical drop point density of the milk vetch seeds in the seed-fertilizer mixture satisfies the following formula: The method comprises the steps of (1) setting the number of theoretical seeds per square meter, wherein D represents the number of falling points of the theoretical seeds per square meter, W s represents the total mass of the milk vetch seeds applied in a single operation, N g represents the average number of the milk vetch seeds per gram, the value is 300-330 grains/gram, S represents the application area, the unit is square meter, and the deviation between the actual falling point density after physical dry mixing and the number of falling points of the theoretical seeds is within 15%.
  6. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S200, the growth stage before the young ear differentiation stage II corresponds to a turning green stage, a pre-tillering stage, a tillering stage and an initial stage of node pulling after transplanting of the rice, and the canopy of the rice plant is not completely sealed and the light transmittance between rows is more than 30% at the growth stage before the young ear differentiation stage II.
  7. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S200, the shallow water layer is a liquid water layer with a depth of 1 cm to 5 cm, the wet state is no significant water accumulation on the field surface, and the relative water content of the surface soil is kept between 85% and 95%.
  8. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S300, when the plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle is used for mechanical spraying, the flying height of the plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle is set to be 1.5m to 2m, the flying speed is set to be 3 m/S to 5m/S, and the sowing width is controlled to be 3m to 4 m.

Description

Planting method for sowing milk vetch synchronously with rice fertilization Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural cultivation, in particular to a planting method for sowing milk vetch in synchronization with rice fertilization. Background Astragalus sinicus is an important leguminous green manure crop and has good nitrogen fixation and fertility improvement effects. The paddy rice and astragalus sinicus rotation mode is implemented in the paddy rice area, so that the physical and chemical properties of the soil can be effectively improved, the organic matter content of the soil can be increased, and the paddy rice rotation mode is a basic agricultural measure for reducing fertilizer dependence, maintaining ecological balance of paddy fields and guaranteeing stable paddy rice yield. The traditional theory considers that the milk vetch needs to be sown after rice or before rice harvest, however, systematic observation and research show that under the condition of natural growth of the milk vetch, the seeds can normally grow and develop in the next year after falling into cultivated land, the milk vetch seeds have the basic characteristics of waxy layers and seed dormancy, and the germination needs to be matched with proper temperature, humidity and illumination, so that the search of early windows capable of providing the proper habitat is a key to breaking through the limitation of the traditional sowing time in the existing agricultural production practice. The conventional agricultural operation is to directly broadcast the bottom of the rice ten days before harvesting the late rice, or mechanically ploughing and preparing the stubble-remained rice field after harvesting the late rice and then sprinkling seeds. This conventional late stage individual sowing mode has the technical drawbacks of difficult emergence and severely inadequate population biomass prior to overwintering. The sowing nodes are positioned before and after the late rice is harvested, water is cut off in advance and drained in order to meet the field-taking requirement of harvesting machinery, the surface soil is in a dry state, so that the milk vetch seeds cannot obtain sufficient liquid water required for breaking dormancy, the germination rate is low, the milk vetch is caused to miss proper light and temperature conditions in the early autumn after late sowing, the effective growing period is compressed, and the dry matter accumulation amount and root nodule nitrogen fixation development of seedlings before winter are difficult to meet the requirement of fertility. Therefore, how to break through the bottleneck of field moisture deficiency and limited effective growth period in the conventional late sowing mode, and to search a sowing way capable of guaranteeing the successful germination of the astragalus sinicus seeds in a proper moisture environment and remarkably prolonging the nutritional growth period of the green manure is a technical problem to be solved in current astragalus sinicus planting. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to overcome the defects of low seeding emergence rate and complicated independent operation procedures of the milk vetch in the prior art and provides a planting method for seeding milk vetch synchronously with rice fertilization. The first aspect of the invention provides a planting method for sowing milk vetch in synchronization with rice fertilization, which comprises the following steps of preparing fertilizer to be applied and milk vetch seeds, wherein the fertilizer adopts granular fertilizer, carrying out physical dry mixing on the milk vetch seeds and the fertilizer before application to form a seed fertilizer mixture, regulating the moisture state of a paddy field before the period of growing rice is in the young ear differentiation II period to enable the paddy field to keep a shallow water layer state or a moist state, and uniformly broadcasting the seed fertilizer mixture into the paddy field kept in the shallow water layer state or the moist state along rice planting rows. The invention creates a four-dimensional synergistic light and simple technology of 'seed, fertilizer, time and labor', and defines the standardized operation specification of first period, second mixing and third mixing, namely flexibly mastering the fertilization period, the physical mixing of seed and fertilizer, and the synchronous operation of same field, same period and same period. The physical dry mixing process utilizes the granular fertilizer as a physical dispersion carrier of the astragalus sinicus seeds, and creatively combines two independent agricultural links of the sowing of the astragalus sinicus and the fertilization of the rice into one link. The method reduces links of seed wiping, seed soaking, seed dressing and the like of the Chinese milk vetch in the traditional method, realizes the light and simple operation of 'one-pot multiple-purpose', and solves