CN-121986697-A - Method for reducing root rot of fresh-eating peas in flue-cured tobacco-fresh-eating peas rotation mode

CN121986697ACN 121986697 ACN121986697 ACN 121986697ACN-121986697-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural ecological cultivation and plant protection, and discloses a method for reducing root rot of fresh-eating peas in a flue-cured tobacco-fresh-eating pea rotation mode based on rotation and cooperation of microbial agents, wherein garlic is used for replacing fresh-eating peas in next-year spring, corn is used for replacing flue-cured tobacco in third-year spring, a combination bacterial agent of lilyturf and trichoderma asperellum is applied in the corn sowing process of the crops in third-year spring, healthy straw and root residues are crushed and returned to the field after garlic bulbs are harvested, soil humidity is kept for biological fumigation, and straw is crushed and deeply turned back to the field after corn is in season. The three measures cooperate to jointly strengthen the functions of inhibiting and removing the pea root rot pathogen dormancy in the soil, and remarkably improve the micro-ecological health of the soil, so that strong root disease system resistance is provided for the fresh pea in the aftercrop. The invention realizes green and efficient ecological prevention and control of soil-borne diseases on the premise of not damaging the original crop rotation system frame.

Inventors

ZHOU MIN
LI JUNYING
YANG JINGHUA
ZHOU SHAOSONG
ZOU BINGLI
LU YAO
FU YANYAN
Geng Chuanxiong

Assignees

云南省烟草农业科学研究院
云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260305

Claims (10)

1. A method for reducing fresh pea root rot in a flue-cured tobacco-fresh pea rotation mode based on rotation and cooperation of microbial agents is characterized in that the rotation sequence is as follows: planting flue-cured tobacco in the first spring, planting fresh peas in the first spring, planting flue-cured tobacco in the second spring, planting garlic in the second spring, planting corn in the third spring, and planting fresh peas in the third spring; The method comprises the following steps: (1) In the next spring, garlic is used for replacing peas, and healthy straws and root systems are crushed and returned to the field after garlic bulbs are harvested; (2) In the third spring, the corns are used for replacing flue-cured tobacco, and after the corns are harvested, the straws are crushed and deeply turned back into the field; (3) During corn sowing, a compound microbial agent consisting of purple spore bacteria and trichoderma asperellum is applied.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein after harvesting garlic bulbs, crushing the stalks and root systems to a length of 5-10cm, mixing the stalks and root systems into surface soil of 0-20cm by using a rotary cultivator, and irrigating the soil to maintain the soil humidity at 60-70% for 5-7 days to promote decomposition of residues and release allelochemicals, thereby realizing biological green fumigation of the soil.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the corn stover is crushed and returned to the field at a depth of 30-35cm to enhance soil aeration and activate the induction system resistant microbial community.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the compound microbial agent is prepared by mixing lilyturf rhodosporus spore powder and trichoderma asperellum spore powder according to a mass ratio of 1:1, and the application amount per hectare is 10-15kg, and the compound microbial agent is applied in a row or hole in a sowing ditch during corn sowing.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the complex microbial agent reduces colonization by the root rot pathogen fusarium at the rhizosphere by a synergistic effect of competitive colonization, production of antibacterial metabolites, and induction of plant defense responses.
6. A three-stage rotation system for reducing root rot of fresh peas is characterized in that garlic, corn and fresh peas are planted in sequence, a composite microbial agent is applied in the corn stage, and corn and garlic residues are crushed and returned to the field to form a dual ecological prevention and control environment for pathogenic bacteria inhibition and resistance excitation.
7. The rotation system according to claim 6, wherein the returning amount of the garlic and corn residues is 70-90% of the crop biomass, and the crushed particle size of the residues is less than 10mm.
8. The application of the compound microbial inoculant of the lilyturf and the trichoderma asperellum in the preparation of the soil conditioner for reducing the incidence rate of fresh pea root rot in a flue-cured tobacco-fresh pea rotation mode is characterized in that the inoculant is applied to soil according to 10-15kg per hectare and plays a role in preventing rhizosphere diseases under the condition of 60-70% of soil humidity.
9. The application of the compound microbial inoculum according to claim 8, wherein the preparation method comprises the steps of respectively cultivating the rhodosporidium and the trichoderma asperellum in an inorganic nitrogen-carbon source culture medium, drying until the water content is not more than 8%, mixing the materials at a ratio of 1:1, and packaging for storage.
10. A root rot inhibition mechanism based on crop rotation residue-microorganism interaction, which is characterized in that the synergistic effect of pathogenic bacteria inhibition by garlic residue releasing sulfur-containing compounds, corn residue activation induced antimicrobial community and complex microbial inoculant colonization rhizosphere is realized.

Description

Method for reducing root rot of fresh-eating peas in flue-cured tobacco-fresh-eating peas rotation mode Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural ecological cultivation and plant protection, and particularly relates to a method for reducing root rot of fresh peas in a flue-cured tobacco-fresh pea rotation mode based on rotation and cooperation of microbial agents. Background The fresh peas are main spring crops in Yunnan province, the planting area and the yield are the highest level in China, and the fresh peas become the main crops planted and sold by the farmers in the spring province in Yunnan province, and even in partial areas, the new situation that the income of the spring is higher than that of the spring is realized. In this case, the rotation mode of interplanting fresh peas with flue-cured tobacco becomes the mainstream planting mode. However, in actual production, planting fresh peas after flue-cured tobacco often faces the problem of high incidence of pea root rot caused by fusarium. Especially, the fresh peas are planted in the spring for three years continuously, and the fresh peas are almost produced in the spring for the third year. The method is characterized in that 1, flue-cured tobacco is also a host of fusarium, residues in soil of the flue-cured tobacco can become an infection source of subsequent fresh peas, 2, the micro-ecological environment of the soil is unbalanced after the flue-cured tobacco is harvested, beneficial microbial communities are reduced, pathogenic bacteria are easier to infect the fresh peas, 3, a continuous host environment is provided for the pathogenic bacteria by a traditional flue-cured tobacco-fresh peas direct rotation mode, the pathogenic bacteria are accumulated year by year, so that root rot and plant wilting death of the fresh peas are caused, and the yield and quality of the fresh peas are severely restricted. The existing method for preventing and treating the root rot of the fresh peas comprises agricultural prevention, chemical prevention, biological prevention and the like. The production still mainly depends on the seed dressing or root irrigation of chemical agents, but long-term use not only increases the production cost, causes pesticide residues, environmental pollution and microecological unbalance of soil, but also easily causes the pathogenic bacteria to generate drug resistance. Therefore, the development of the crop rotation mode which can radically block pathogenic bacteria circulation and reduce root rot of the fresh peas through a specific crop rotation mode (flue-cured tobacco-fresh peas- & gt flue-cured tobacco-garlic- & gt corn-fresh peas) by means of agricultural ecological regulation and control has important significance for realizing green and sustainable production of the flue-cured tobacco and the fresh peas. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an innovative microorganism rotation mode capable of remarkably reducing the incidence of fresh pea root rot in flue-cured tobacco-fresh pea rotation. The mode changes the soil microbial community structure by adding specific crop rotation, soil ecological regulation and straw treatment technology, and interacts with exogenous functional microorganisms to construct disease-inhibiting soil, effectively blocks the propagation chain of pathogenic bacteria, and reduces disease occurrence. The invention is realized in such a way that the method for reducing the root rot of fresh-eating peas in a flue-cured tobacco-fresh-eating pea rotation mode based on the cooperation of rotation and microbial inoculants comprises the following steps: the specific rotation sequence is that the first year of spring planting flue-cured tobacco, the first year of spring planting fresh pea, the second year of spring planting flue-cured tobacco, the second year of spring planting garlic, the third year of spring planting corn and the third year of spring planting fresh pea, and the specific rotation sequence is characterized by comprising the following specific management measures: (1) The method comprises the steps of replacing peas of spring crops in the next year, planting garlic with natural defense function and chemical effect, harvesting garlic bulbs, crushing healthy straw and root system residues, and returning to the field; (2) Instead of flue-cured tobacco of the spring crop in the third year, planting gramineous crop corn with the function of strengthening resistance induction, crushing the straw of the corn after harvesting the corn, and deeply turning the corn back to the field; (3) When corn is sown, applying a composite microbial agent of purple spore fungus and trichoderma asperellum in strips or holes, wherein 10.0-15.0 kg per hectare; (4) After garlic bulbs are picked, the residues such as straw, root system and the like of healthy garlic are crushed as much as possible and returned to the field, str